Prevalence of facet joint degeneration in association with intervertebral joint degeneration in a sample of organ donors

Li, Jun; Muehleman, Carol; Abe, Yumiko; Masuda, Koichi

doi:10.1002/jor.21387

Cited by 50 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…It is believed that facet joint degeneration is secondary to intervertebral disc degeneration and several studies have supported this theory 4, 29 . However, macroscopic studies on facet joint degeneration using cadaveric specimens demonstrated early initiation of facet degeneration and did not support the correlation between the facet degeneration and intervertebral degeneration 16, 30 . Adams and Hutton addressed different mechanisms of facet joint regional damages and causes for pain under different motion segment movement 1 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

In Vivo Topographic Analysis of Lumbar Facet Joint Space Width Distribution in Healthy and Symptomatic Subjects

Simon

Orías

Andersson

et al. 2012

Spine

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Study Design In vivo three-dimensional facet joint space width measurement. Objective To determine lumbar facet joint space width within clinically relevant topographical zones in vivo and its correlations with age, level and presence of lower back pain symptoms. Summary of Background Data Narrowing of the facet joint gap, articular cartilage thinning, and subarticular cortical bone hypertrophy are frequently observed age-related changes. Facet joint space width is a well-defined parameter to evaluate osteoarthritis. To the best of our knowledge, there is no other study that quantifies three-dimensional facet joint space width distribution in vivo. Methods Three-dimensional measurement to quantify facet joint space width distribution based on five clinically relevant topographic zones in a cohort of healthy and symptomatic low-back-pain volunteers using subject-based three-dimensional CT models with respect to spinal level, subject age, gender and presence/absence of lower back pain. Results Facet joint space width was 1.93±0.51 (mean ± standard deviation) mm for the central zone, 1.75±0.48 mm for the superior zone, 1.63±0.49 mm for the inferior zone, 1.48±0.44 mm for the medial and 1.65±0.48 mm for the lateral zone, respectively. There were no significant differences between right and left facet joints. Males showed larger space width than females. Overall, space width of symptomatic subjects was significantly narrower when compared against the asymptomatic group. Facet joints in the peripheral zones were narrower than in the central zone. Age-group comparisons showed local narrowing occurring as early as in the third decade at the inferior zone of L5/S1 with all the remaining zones implicated after the fourth decade. Conclusions This in vivo study shows variations in facet joint space width narrowing with spinal level and region within the facet joint and in vivo evidence of localized, age-influenced facet cartilage thinning. Techniques developed in this study may be applied in the detection of early osteoarthritis-related changes in the facet joints.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

In Vivo Topographic Analysis of Lumbar Facet Joint Space Width Distribution in Healthy and Symptomatic Subjects

Simon

Orías

Andersson

et al. 2012

Spine

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“…50 In elderly adults, degenerative facet joint cartilage lesions were found on gross histologic examination in 80% of individuals, with most found at the L4–L5 level; in this same population, proliferative features of OA including osteophtytosis were less common and found in only 33% of individuals. The joints that did show osteophyte formation had more advanced degeneration than those without osteophytes.…”

Section: Histologic and Macroscopic Changesmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…49 Changes to cartilage begin with fibrillation and shallow pitting that affect the cartilage surface focally, followed by deeper fibrillation and fissuring, flaking and pitting, then erosion down to subchondral bone. 50 Joint-space narrowing results from progressive cartilage thinning. 51 Chondrocyte clusters can be seen in early cartilage lesions, with the presence of foci of fibrocartilage suggesting attempts at repair.…”

Section: Histologic and Macroscopic Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Osteoarthritis of the spine: the facet joints

2012

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Osteoarthritis (OA) of the spine involves the facet joints, which are located in the posterior aspect of the vertebral column and, in humans, are the only true synovial joints between adjacent spinal levels. Facet joint osteoarthritis (FJ OA) is widely prevalent in older adults, and is thought to be a common cause of back and neck pain. The prevalence of facet-mediated pain in clinical populations increases with increasing age, suggesting that FJ OA might have a particularly important role in older adults with spinal pain. Nevertheless, to date FJ OA has received far less study than other important OA phenotypes such as knee OA, and other features of spine pathoanatomy such as degenerative disc disease. This Review presents the current state of knowledge of FJ OA, including relevant anatomy, biomechanics, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations. We present the view that the modern concept of FJ OA is consonant with the concept of OA as a failure of the whole joint, and not simply of facet joint cartilage.

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“…A recent twin study demonstrated the presence of lumbar degenerative discs on MRI to be a major determinate feature of patients with LBP 12. Although the prevalence of DDD and facet joint OA correlates,13 it is unclear whether they are independent of one another or whether they are different ends of the spectrum of the same pathological process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of glucosamine for chronic low back pain: a systematic review of randomised control trials

2013

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ObjectivesTo ascertain whether the use of oral glucosamine influences symptoms or functional outcomes in patients with chronic low back pain (LBP) thought to be related to spinal osteoarthritis (OA).DesignSystematic review of randomised control trials. Searches were performed up to March 2011 on Medline, AMED, CINHAL, Cochrane and EMBASE with subsequent reference screening of retrieved studies. In addition, the grey literature was searched via opensigle. Included studies were required to incorporate at least one of the Cochrane Back Pain Review Group's outcome measures as part of their design. Trials with participants over 18 years with a minimum of 12 weeks of back pain, in combination with radiographic changes of OA in the spine, were included. Studies were rated for risk-of-bias and graded for quality.Results148 studies were identified after screening and meeting eligibility requirements, and three randomised controlled trials (n=309) were included in the quantitative synthesis. The review found that there was low quality but generally no evidence of an effect from glucosamine on function, with no change in the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire score in all studies. Conflicting evidence was demonstrated with pain scores with two studies showing no difference and one study with a high risk-of-bias showing both a statistically and clinically significant improvement from taking glucosamine.ConclusionsOn the basis of the current research, any clinical benefit of oral glucosamine for patients with chronic LBP and radiographic changes of spinal OA can neither be demonstrated nor excluded based on insufficient data and the low quality of existing studies.

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Prevalence of facet joint degeneration in association with intervertebral joint degeneration in a sample of organ donors

Cited by 50 publications

References 27 publications

In Vivo Topographic Analysis of Lumbar Facet Joint Space Width Distribution in Healthy and Symptomatic Subjects

In Vivo Topographic Analysis of Lumbar Facet Joint Space Width Distribution in Healthy and Symptomatic Subjects

Osteoarthritis of the spine: the facet joints

The use of glucosamine for chronic low back pain: a systematic review of randomised control trials

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