Prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes in Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from nosocomial infections in Tehran, Iran

Abdar, Mojtaba Hanafi; Taherikalani, Morovat; Taheri, Keyvan; Emadi, Behzad; Hasanzadeh, Amir; Sedighi, Abdolmajid; Pirouzi, Serve; Sedighi, Mansour

doi:10.3205/dgkh000318

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…23.4% of A. baumannii were ESBL producers in the present study and results are almost in agreement with another Indian study by Amandeep Kaur et al ( 1 ) who reported 27.5% and a study from Malaysia by Khan M et al who reported 22% ( 16 ). However study by Rehab M. Abd El-Baky et al ( 17 ) from Egypt reported 35%, Abdar et al ( 2 ) from Iran reported 59%. In the present study 46.9% of isolates were AmpC producers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…A. baumannii infections are frequently treated with β-lactam antibiotics like cephalosporins and carbapenems or with other group of antimicrobials like aminoglycosides, polymyxins and glycylcycline. Majority of A. baumannii strains have developed resistant to most of these antibacterial agents due to the presence of mobile genetic elements, such as insertion sequences (ISs), plasmids, integrons and resistance islands ( 2 ). The most important mechanism of β-lactam resistance in A. baumannii is production of various types of beta-lactamases like extended spectrum betalactamases (ESBLs), AmpC and carbapenemases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chromosomally encoded AmpC beta-lactamases in A. baumannii have a low level of expression that does not cause clinically appreciable resistance, however, the addition of a promoter insertion sequence ISA-ba1 next to the ampC gene increases beta-lactamase production, causing resistance to cephalosporins ( 5 ). Plasmid mediated AmpC and ESBLs can effortlessly move from one bacteria to another resulting in the faster spread of the resistance genes ( 2 ). Due to the emergence of ESBLs and AmpC beta-lactamase, Carbapenems like imipenem, meropenem are used extensively to treat infections in hospitalized patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid identification of carbapenemases by CarbAcineto NP test and the rate of beta-lactamases among Acinetobacter baumannii from a teaching hospital

Rao¹,

Urs²,

Chitharagi³

et al. 2022

IJM

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Background and Objectives: Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a major organism accounting for hospital acquired infections particularly in intensive care units. Due to production of different kinds of beta lactamases these bacteria have developed drug resistance rendering the treatment of such infections very difficult and expensive. Rapid identification of A. baumannii producing such beta-lactamases is the need of the hour in reducing morbidity and mortality associated with A. baumannii infections. Materials and Methods: A. baumannii was isolated from clinical samples like endotracheal aspirates, sputum, urine, exu- dates using standard culture techniques. Identification and drug sensitivity was done using Vitek 2 system. All the isolates were subjected to detection of ESBLs using phenotypic confirmatory test, plasmid mediated AmpC beta- lactamase by AmpC disc test, Carbapenemase production by CarbAcineto NP Test and Modified hodge method. Results: 149 A. baumannii isolates were analysed for antimicrobial susceptibility and various beta-lactamase production. Results were evaluated for statistical significance using Chi-Square and P value. 81.8% of isolates were from male patients with majority of them above 50 years of age. 88.5% of samples were from ventilator associated pneumonia patients. 83.8% of isolates were sensitive to tigecycline. Only 10% to 12% of isolates were sensitive to carbapenems. 23.4% of isolates were ESBL producers and 46.9% of them were AmpC producers. Modified Hodge test method identified 63.7% of A. baumannii as carbapenemase producers where as CarbAcineto NP test identified 63% and exibiting 94.74% sensitivity, 93.22% specificity when compared to Modified Hodge test. Conclusion: Multidrug resistant Acinetobacter spp. is on the rise. Present study showed that high percentage of drug resis- tance in A. baumannii could be due to production of ESBLs, AmpC and carbapenemases. Among all beta lactamases car- bapenemase producers are more and quickly raising in A. baumannii. Rapid, cost effective assay which can be adopted in all clinical laboratories is critical to prevent their further transmission particularly in hospital environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid identification of carbapenemases by CarbAcineto NP test and the rate of beta-lactamases among Acinetobacter baumannii from a teaching hospital

Rao¹,

Urs²,

Chitharagi³

et al. 2022

IJM

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“…The 30% methanolic fraction had a bactericidal effect on A. baumannii , although it was minimally effective against Gram-positive bacteria. A. baumannii is an important opportunistic pathogen that has caused global outbreaks of nosocomial infections [ 28 ]. Therefore, the 30%, 70%, and 80% methanol fractions were subjected to further testing for potential compound isolation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Potential of Extracts and Phytoconstituents Isolated from Syncarpia hillii Leaves In Vitro

Perera

Dighe

Katavic

et al. 2022

Plants

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(1) Background: Rapidly increasing antibiotic resistance is one of the greatest threats to global health, affecting individuals regardless of age. Medicinal plants are widely used in traditional medicine to prevent and attenuate infectious conditions with minimal adverse effects. However, only a few have been phytochemically investigated for their medicinal properties and subsequent biological activities. Syncarpia hillii, a plant traditionally used by Indigenous Australians to treat sores, wounds, and skin infections, is no exception. (2) Methods: Primary extracts obtained from mature S. hillii leaves were evaluated for their antibacterial potential against 19 bacterial strains. The methanol extract was subjected to compound isolation and identification due to its preliminary bactericidal efficacy. (3) Results: Staphylococcal species were the most susceptible bacterial strain with a MIC value of 0.63 mg/mL to the S. hillii methanol extract. Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide and shikimic acid isolated from S. hillii methanol leaf extracts exhibited enhanced antibacterial effects against the tested bacteria with quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide eliciting a MIC value of 0.78 µg/mL against E. faecalis. (4) Conclusions: S. hillii leaves are comprised of bioactive compounds that are bactericidal against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

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“…Many class A β-lactamases are reported in A. baumannii , such as TEM, SHV, CTX-M, GES, PER, VEB, SCO, or KPC. Of these, most are broad-spectrum β-lactamases (Extended Spectrum β-lactamases, ESBLs) (SHV-5, TEM-92, CTX-M-2, CTX-M-15, PER-1, PER-2, PER-7, VEB-1, and GES-14) while TEM-1 and SCO-1 are narrow-spectrum ( 30 , 57 , 58 ). In A. baumannii , another mechanism of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins is the overexpression of chromosomally-mediated AmpC which is a class C β-lactamase ( 10 , 30 , 59 ).…”

Section: A Baumannii and The Tryst With Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergence of Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii Infection

et al. 2022

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Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a leading cause of nosocomial infections as this pathogen has certain attributes that facilitate the subversion of natural defenses of the human body. A. baumannii acquires antibiotic resistance determinants easily and can thrive on both biotic and abiotic surfaces. Different resistance mechanisms or determinants, both transmissible and non-transmissible, have aided in this victory over antibiotics. In addition, the propensity to form biofilms (communities of organism attached to a surface) allows the organism to persist in hospitals on various medical surfaces (cardiac valves, artificial joints, catheters, endotracheal tubes, and ventilators) and also evade antibiotics simply by shielding the bacteria and increasing its ability to acquire foreign genetic material through lateral gene transfer. The biofilm formation rate in A. baumannii is higher than in other species. Recent research has shown how A. baumannii biofilm-forming capacity exerts its effect on resistance phenotypes, development of resistome, and dissemination of resistance genes within biofilms by conjugation or transformation, thereby making biofilm a hotspot for genetic exchange. Various genes control the formation of A. baumannii biofilms and a beneficial relationship between biofilm formation and “antimicrobial resistance” (AMR) exists in the organism. This review discusses these various attributes of the organism that act independently or synergistically to cause hospital infections. Evolution of AMR in A. baumannii, resistance mechanisms including both transmissible (hydrolyzing enzymes) and non-transmissible (efflux pumps and chromosomal mutations) are presented. Intrinsic factors [biofilm-associated protein, outer membrane protein A, chaperon-usher pilus, iron uptake mechanism, poly-β-(1, 6)-N-acetyl glucosamine, BfmS/BfmR two-component system, PER-1, quorum sensing] involved in biofilm production, extrinsic factors (surface property, growth temperature, growth medium) associated with the process, the impact of biofilms on high antimicrobial tolerance and regulation of the process, gene transfer within the biofilm, are elaborated. The infections associated with colonization of A. baumannii on medical devices are discussed. Each important device-related infection is dealt with and both adult and pediatric studies are separately mentioned. Furthermore, the strategies of preventing A. baumannii biofilms with antibiotic combinations, quorum sensing quenchers, natural products, efflux pump inhibitors, antimicrobial peptides, nanoparticles, and phage therapy are enumerated.

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Prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes in Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from nosocomial infections in Tehran, Iran

Cited by 21 publications

References 30 publications

Rapid identification of carbapenemases by CarbAcineto NP test and the rate of beta-lactamases among Acinetobacter baumannii from a teaching hospital

Rapid identification of carbapenemases by CarbAcineto NP test and the rate of beta-lactamases among Acinetobacter baumannii from a teaching hospital

Antibacterial Potential of Extracts and Phytoconstituents Isolated from Syncarpia hillii Leaves In Vitro

Convergence of Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii Infection

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