Prevalence of essential tremor

Doğu, Okan; Sevim, Serhan; Ankaralı, Handan; Şaşmaz, Tayyar; Buğdaycı, Resul; Aral, Mihriban; Kaleağası, Hakan; Un, Saikia; Louis, Elan D.

doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000099075.19951.8c

Cited by 230 publications

(250 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It is commonly stated that 50% of ET cases are non-familial (Lambert and Waters, 1999;Louis and Ottman, 1996). Given a population prevalence for ET of 4.0% after age 39 years (Dogu et al, 2003), this suggests that approximately 2.0% of the population aged ≥ 40 years has a nonfamilial form of ET, yet the environmental correlates for this tremor are only just beginning to be explored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Essential tremor (ET), characterized by action tremor of the hands, is a widespread late-life neurological disease that is present in 4.0% of individuals aged ≥ 40 years and 8.7% in individuals in their ninth decade (Benito-Leon et al, 2003;Dogu et al, 2003). As such, it is one of the most common neurological disorders (Louis et al, 1998b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elevated blood harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) concentrations in essential tremor

Louis

2008

NeuroToxicology

127

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Essential tremor (ET) is a widespread late-life neurological disease. Genetic and environmental factors likely play an etiological role. Harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) is a potent tremor-producing neurotoxin. In 2002, we demonstrated elevated blood harmane concentrations in an initial sample of 100 ET cases compared to 100 controls. Between 2002 and 2007, we assembled a new and larger sample of ET cases and controls. We now attempt to replicate our previous findings. Cases and controls were frequency-matched on age, gender, and race. Blood harmane concentrations were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. Subjects comprised 150 ET cases and 135 controls (mean age 65.3 ± 15.5 vs. 65.5 ± 14.2 years, p = 0.94). Mean log blood harmane concentration was ∼50% higher in cases than controls (0.50 ± 0.54 g -10 /ml vs. 0.35 ± 0.62 g -10 /ml, p = 0.038). In a logistic regression analysis, log blood harmane concentration was associated with ET (OR adjusted 1.56, 95% CI 1.01 -2.42, p = 0.04), and odds of ET was 1.90 (95% CI 1.07 -3.39, p = 0.029) in the highest vs. lowest log blood harmane tertile. Log blood harmane was highest in ET cases with familial ET (0.53 ± 0.57 g -10 /ml), intermediate in cases with sporadic ET (0.43 ± 0.45 g -10 /ml) and lowest in controls (0.35 ± 0.62 g -10 /ml) (test for trend, p = 0.026). Blood harmane appears to be elevated in ET. The higher concentrations in familial ET suggests that the mechanism may involve genetic factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated blood harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) concentrations in essential tremor

Louis

2008

NeuroToxicology

127

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“…In particular, administration or manipulation of immunomodulatory cytokines have been proposed as alternative therapeutic strategies to modulate or inhibit proinflammatory cytokine production in IBD. Although, in the case of Crohn disease, novel strategies to inhibit TNF-α (e.g., administration of the anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody, infliximab), IFN-γ, and IL-12 have been used in clinical trials (1,2), relatively few successful studies using anticytokine agents for the treatment of UC have been performed. Recently, type I IFN-α…”

Section: Recently Type I Interferons Ifn-α and Ifn-β (Ifn-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of ET has been reported to range from 4% in a population aged 40 years or younger (1) to 14% in people 65 years or older (2). While it is generally recognized that ET is inherited in an autosomal-dominant pattern with high penetrance, no human gene mutations causing ET have yet been identified.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic mouse models of essential tremor: are they essential?

Jankovic¹,

Noebels²

2005

J. Clin. Invest.

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The causative genes for essential tremor (ET), one of the most common genetic neurological disorders, have eluded scientists despite intensive search. Two gene loci linked to ET, one on chromosome 3q13 and another on chromosome 2p24.1, have been identified, and a missense mutation in the HS1-BP3 gene on the 2p has been suggested as the cause of the disorder in about 10% of American ET patients. Therefore, the genetic basis for the vast majority of familial ET is still unknown. In this issue of the JCI, the gene coding for the γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABA A ) receptor α1 subunit is suggested as a potential candidate gene for ET, as mice lacking the gene express a phenotype that overlaps with some clinical characteristics of the human condition (see the related article beginning on page 774).

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“…Although postmortem studies pointed towards cerebellar changes, positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have revealed abnormalities in the cerebellum, thalamus, and triangle of Guillain-Mollaret, which is settled in the brain stem and inferior olive nucleus (3,4,5,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Thalamus Area In Essential Tremor Patients With Proton Magnetik Resonance Spectroscopy

Özkan¹,

Candan²,

Işık³

et al. 2015

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Objective: Although essential tremor (ET) is the most common movement disorder, its pathogenesis is poorly understood. It is suggested that the ventral intermediate (VIM) nucleus of the thalamus is important in the pathophysiology disease. Materials and Methods:The present study aimed to evaluate N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (cho), and creatinine (Cr) values via proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-1 MRS) of the VIM of the thalamus in 16 control patients and 42 patients with ET. Results:The mean NAA/Cr and NAA/Cho values of the thalamus VIM nucleus region in patients with ET was statistically significantly lower than the control group (p=0.001, p=0.005, respectively). In patients with ET, no significant relation was found between NAA/Cr, NAA/Cho values, and age, family history, disease duration, tremor severity, dominant extremity localization of tremor, and history of drug use (p>0.05). Conclusion:Low NAA values in the thalamus region of patients with ET indicate neuron loss and cell death. Neuron loss in the thalamus region has been suggested to play a part in the pathophysiology of the disease, and may indicate that ET is a neurodegenerative disease. Keywords: Essential tremor, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, thalamusAmaç: Esansiyel tremor (ET) en sık görülen hareket bozukluğu olmasına rağmen patogenezi hala bilinmemektedir. Talamusun ventral intermediate (VİM) nükleusunun patofizyolojide rol oynadığı öne sürülmektedir. Gereç ve Yöntem:Bu çalışmada 42 ET tanısı almış hasta ve 16 kontrol olgusunun proton manyetik rezonans spektroskopi (H-1 MRS) tetkiki kullanarak talamus bölgesinin N-asetilaspartat (NAA), kolin ve kreatinin değerlerinin incelenmesi amaçlandı. Bulgular: ET hastalarında talamus VİM nükleus bölgesi ortalama NAA/Kreatinin ve NAA/Kolin değerleri kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede düşük olarak tespit edildi (sırasıyla p=0,001, p=0,005). ET hastalarının yaş, aile öyküsü, hastalık süresi, tremor şiddeti, tremor dominant ekstremite lokalizasyonu ve ilaç kullanım öyküsü ile NAA/Kreatinin, NAA/Kolin değerleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmadı (p>0,05).Sonuç: ET hastalarının talamus bölgesindeki düşük NAA değerleri, bu bölgedeki nöron kaybı ve hücre yıkımını işaret etmektedir. Hastalığın patofizyolojisinde rol oynadığı öne sürülen talamus bölgesindeki nöron kaybı, ET'nin nörodejeneratif bir hastalık olduğunun göstergesi olabilir.

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Prevalence of essential tremor

Cited by 230 publications

References 9 publications

Elevated blood harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) concentrations in essential tremor

Elevated blood harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) concentrations in essential tremor

Genetic mouse models of essential tremor: are they essential?

Evaluation of Thalamus Area In Essential Tremor Patients With Proton Magnetik Resonance Spectroscopy

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