Prevalence of ESBL Producing Bacteria in Community-Acquired UTI from Eastern Part of India

Abstract

Urinary tract infection (UTI) in the community is a common infection in humans. The causative microorganisms for UTIs may vary in different places and also vary in their antibiotic sensitivity and resistant patterns. This study aimed to find out the incidence of gram-negative bacteria along with their antibiotic sensitivity pattern in community-acquired UTIs and to calculate the existence of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) positivity among them. A Sum of 515 urine samples was tested and the causative organisms were identified. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were executed where it had shown growth for bacteria by both manual and automated methods. ESBL tests were performed to identify ESBL-producing isolates. From a total of 515 samples, 65 (12.65%) were culture positive for UTIs. The rate of infection was higher in females than in males. The most prevailing bacteria were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Out of total culture-positive isolates, only 43.08% were ESBL positives. The study found that the organisms displayed resistance to Ciprofloxacin and Cefixime and sensitivity to Gentamicin, Ertapenem, and Nitrofurantoin. Females have a higher prevalence of UTIs than males. Mostly, females suffer from UTIs in their reproductive years whereas males suffer in their old age. The prevalence of gram-negative bacteria is higher in community-acquired UTIs. These pathogens though present in the community, becoming resistant to commonly used antibiotics like Ciprofloxacin and Cefixime because of overuse and misuse of antibiotics at the community level.

Regional variations in antimicrobial susceptibility of community-acquired uropathogenic Escherichia coli in India: Findings of a multicentric study highlighting the importance of local antibiograms

“…[ 27 ] previously reported a 26.2% ESBL prevalence in Assam (NE India), whereas Behera et al . [ 28 ] reported 43% combined prevalence in E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from community UTIs from E. India, and, in 2021, Kumar et al [ 29 ] reported a 46.6% ESBL prevalence in E. coli from Uttarakhand in N India. In 2022, Mohapatra et al [ 13 ] reported an ESBL prevalence of more than 50% across four centers for E. coli .…”