Prevalence of Epilepsy among Cataract Patients

Hanhart, Joël; Vinker, Shlomo; Nemet, Arie Y.; Levartovsky, Shmuel; Kaiserman, Igor

doi:10.3109/02713681003664915

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Various epidemiological studies indicate the associations between cataract prevalence and epilepsy is equivalent to association of cataract with aging, diabetes, arterial hypertension and smoking (Hanhart et al, 2010; Isaac et al, 1991; Kato et al, 1990; Kinoshita et al, 2004; Kuwabara et al, 2009; Mathers et al, 1987). The onset of epilepsy is due to over-synchronous firing of brain neurons (Kerr et al, 2013) and these firing patterns are modulated by a major excitatory neurotransmitter, glutamate, through the family of glutamate receptors (Kim et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…VPA is widely used anticonvulsant agent for suppressing epileptic seizures, depression and migraine headaches and also a mood stabilizer for the treatment of manic depression or bipolar disorder (Singh et al, 2012; Singh et al, 2005; Tunnicliff, 1999). Carbamazepine, phenobarbital and phenytoin are reported to induce cataract in small numbers of epileptic patients (Bar et al, 1983; Hanhart et al, 2010; Mathers et al, 1987). However, in utero exposure of VPA induced the formation of bilateral congenital cataracts in a child out of 37 children (Glover et al, 2002), and these congenital cataracts have little to do with age-related cataracts (ARCs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Valproic acid suppresses Nrf2/Keap1 dependent antioxidant protection through induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress and Keap1 promoter DNA demethylation in human lens epithelial cells

Periyasamy

Bidasee

Shinohara

2014

Experimental Eye Research

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Recent epidemiological studies confirm the prevalence of cataract in epileptic patients. Similarly, the drugs used to treat epilepsy also show the connection with increased cataract formation. In this present study, we investigated the suppression of Nrf2/Keap1 dependent antioxidant protection through induction of endoplasmic (ER) stress and Keap1 promoter DNA demethylation in human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) treated with valproic acid (VPA), an antiepileptic drug. 20 mM VPA induces ER stress and activates the unfolded protein response (UPR) within 4 h by phosphorylating the ER stress sensor proteins, such as PERK, IRE1α, and ATF6 in HLECs. Consequently, the integrated ER stress signals, such as eIF2α, ATF4, BiP, and CHOP are altered accordingly to induce ER-Ca2+ release, reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, and cell death in HLECs treated with VPA. VPA also suppresses the Nrf2, catalase, and glutathione reductase expressions with significant increases in Keap1 protein. Bisulphite genomic DNA sequencing reveals the promoter DNA demethylation in the Keap1 promoter, which results in the overexpression of Keap1 mRNA and protein in HLECs treated with 20 mM VPA. VPA also alters the expression profiles of passive DNA demethylation pathway enzymes such Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b, and active DNA demethylation pathway enzyme, TET1 leading to DNA demethylation in the Keap1 promoter of HLECs. Overexpressed Keap1 decreases the Nrf2 level, thereby abolishing the Nrf2 dependent antioxidant protection. This might be responsible for lenticular proteins oxidation and cataract formation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valproic acid suppresses Nrf2/Keap1 dependent antioxidant protection through induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress and Keap1 promoter DNA demethylation in human lens epithelial cells

Periyasamy

Bidasee

Shinohara

2014

Experimental Eye Research

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“…19,20 However, the five patients in our study who developed cataract were not treated with any medication common to all five, nor with any medication proven to cause cataract. We cannot totally rule out that self-abusive trauma to the eyes had occurred in some of the patients, but such a behavior had never been reported during the follow-up period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cataract and Glaucoma Development in Juvenile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (Batten Disease)

Nielsen

Drack

Østergaard

2014

Ophthalmic Genetics

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“…12 Hanhart J et al, concluded from their study that epilepsy was often associated with patients undergoing cataract surgery in which patients taking Anti-epileptic Drugs (AEDs) like carbamazepine and clonazepam had higher incidence of cataract development and they attributed this to the role of AEDs in the development of cataract. 13…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cataract and systemic comorbidities – A retrospective study

P¹,

Prasanth²,

Hansdak³

et al. 2021

IJCEO

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To determine the prevalence of major systemic co-morbidities such as diabetes mellitus, systemic hypertension, chronic kidney disease and ischaemic heart disease among patients undergoing cataract surgery and to determine the demographic details of these co-morbidities among the cohort of cataract patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of cataract surgery charts of those patients operated between Jan 2017 and Dec 2018 was undertaken. Assessment of age, gender, prevalence of above mentioned systemic comorbidities and their age wise frequency distribution among the cohort of cataract patients was done. Results: Among 2444 cataract charts analysed, 378 (15.47%) were found to have comorbidities. 88.6% of cataract patients with comorbidities were found to be between 50-75 years of age with a mean age of 63±8.997 years. 58.2% were females and 41.8% were males among the patients with comorbidities. Hypertension and diabetes were the highest contributors occurring in 78.1% of the comorbid patients with a mean age of 63 ± 8.2 years. Conclusion: An increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases even in rural population, necessitates a thorough screening before cataract surgery to ensure fitness of the patients for cataract surgery.

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Prevalence of Epilepsy among Cataract Patients

Abstract: Epilepsy is associated with the presence of cataract. Various hypotheses may explain this finding, including a cataractogenic role of AEDs.

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Valproic acid suppresses Nrf2/Keap1 dependent antioxidant protection through induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress and Keap1 promoter DNA demethylation in human lens epithelial cells

Valproic acid suppresses Nrf2/Keap1 dependent antioxidant protection through induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress and Keap1 promoter DNA demethylation in human lens epithelial cells

Cataract and Glaucoma Development in Juvenile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (Batten Disease)

Cataract and systemic comorbidities – A retrospective study

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