Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries in India – A Systematic Review

Ganesh, Akila; Muthu, M S; Mohan, Anusha; Kirubakaran, Richard

doi:10.1007/s12098-018-2793-y

Cited by 93 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…ECC is considered as one of the most prevalent diseases of childhood around the globe . Overall prevalence of ECC in India is reported to be 50 percent in literature and none of the studies reported have found the prevalence of ECC to be less than 40 percent . ECC has multifactorial aetiology, and just like any dental decay it is perpetrated by the accumulation of polymicrobial plaque around teeth in combination with a sugary diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ECC is one of the most neglected chronic diseases of childhood in India. The prevalence of ECC at the national level is found to be 49.6 percent with the highest in Andrapradesh (63 percent) and lowest in Assam (41.9 percent), and in Tamil Nadu, it is reported to be 63.4 percent . Among 8–48‐month‐old children, prevalence is found to be 44 percent, and in south India, the prevalence among 0–3‐year‐olds are reported to be 40.6 percent, of whom 49.7 percent had cavitated and 50 percent had noncavitated lesions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Early childhood caries (ECC) is a mutilating oral condition affecting millions of children around the world. Globally, the prevalence of ECC ranges from 15 percent to 90 percent, and, in east Asia, it ranges from 36 percent to 85 percent . ECC affects the deciduous teeth of infants, toddlers, and preschoolers causing pain and suffering, which leads to poor dietary intake engendering nutritional deficiencies and later complications in life .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Globally, the prevalence of ECC ranges from 15 percent to 90 percent, 1 and, in east Asia, it ranges from 36 percent to 85 percent. 2 ECC affects the deciduous teeth of infants, toddlers, and preschoolers causing pain and suffering, which leads to poor dietary intake engendering nutritional deficiencies and later complications in life. 3,4 Children suffering from ECC are found to have alteration in growth and development, speech disorder, and negative effect on successor permanent teeth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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School Interventions–based Prevention of Early‐Childhood Caries among 3–5‐year‐old children from very low socioeconomic status: Two‐year randomized trial

Srinivasan

Acharya

Rao

2019

J Public Health Dent

305

115

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Objectives To assess the effectiveness of school‐based interventions to prevent early childhood caries (ECC) among preschool children from very low socioeconomic background over a period of 2 years. Materials and methods Four hundred and twenty preschool children between the ages of 3–5 years participated in this double blind, three parallel arm clinical trial. School only interventions such as prohibition of sugary snack consumption in school, teacher supervised daily brushing using fluoridated toothpaste, and oral health education were implemented with regular follow‐up at 6 months, 1, and 2 years. The study group had all three interventions, in active control‐tooth brushing and oral health education, and in negative control, only oral health education. Decay at d1/d2 using World Health Organization criteria, visible plaque and gingival inflammation were assessed at all follow‐ups. The value of P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results Absolute caries risk reduction in the study group was 20 percent and 12 percent when compared to active, negative controls after 2 years. Mean caries increment in the study group was 0.4 for d1/d2, for the active control group was 0.9 and negative control 0.8. The effect of interventions to prevent ECC in each group was calculated using the Çohen's d, and the study group had a score of 0.6 when compared with active controls and 0.9 in comparison to the negative control group. Conclusions Prohibition of sugary snacking in school and daily supervised tooth brushing, with or without oral health education is effective in preventing ECC among preschool children with health neglect in very low‐resource settings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

School Interventions–based Prevention of Early‐Childhood Caries among 3–5‐year‐old children from very low socioeconomic status: Two‐year randomized trial

Srinivasan

Acharya

Rao

2019

J Public Health Dent

305

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In a recent systematic review, the prevalence of early childhood caries in India was 41.49%. 1 In another review by Mehta, one out of two children in India were affected by dental caries. 2 The overall caries prevalence in primary school children of India in a cross-sectional study was seen to be 78.9%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acceptance of Parents to Silver Diamine Fluoride in Pre-cooperative Children: A Cross-sectional Study

Shivasharan¹,

Pankey²,

Unnikrishnan³

2019

Journal of South Asian Association of Pediatric Dentistry

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Aim:To evaluate the acceptance of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) among parents of pre-cooperative children. Materials and methods: This was a questionnaire-based study. Prevalidated questionnaires were distributed to the parents of pre-cooperative children with dental caries. The response rate was 100%. Data were statistically analyzed using Chi-square test. Results: Of 105 parents, 71.42% were mothers, 21.90% were fathers, and 6.66% were other caregivers. In relation to noncooperation of the children in the past, 22.85% of the parents of the children above 36 months chose SDF, whereas only 4.76% of the parents of children 36 months of age and below chose SDF (p = 0.047). Discoloration of front teeth was acceptable to 33.33% of the parents below the income of 25,000 INR and was not acceptable to 14.29% (p = 0.033). For front teeth, 33.33% of the parents above the income of 25,000 INR did not accept SDF treatment when there were behavioral barriers, whereas 13.33% accepted it (p = 0.003). Also, acceptance of SDF for back teeth was 32.38% to the parents below the income of 25,000 INR in contrast to 15.24% of who did not accept it (p = 0.001). Conclusion: SDF is acceptable to parents and potentially useful in patients who are unable to obtain traditional restorative treatments due to cooperation, access, costs, and apprehension of general anesthesia.

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Streptococcus mutans carriage in the saliva of mothers and its association with dental caries and Streptococcus mutans carriage in the saliva of children between 6 and 30 months old in a low‐income setting in Karachi, Pakistan

Nizar

Sheikh

Khan

et al. 2022

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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Background Early childhood caries poses a significant health issue in children under 6 years old. It is determined that Streptococcus mutans is a primary etiological agent, likely to be transferred through maternal contact. Objectives To determine the association of maternal S. mutans counts with S. mutans counts in their children between 6 and 30 months of age, and to determine the maternal and child DMFT (decayed, missing, and filled teeth) indices. Material and Methods A community‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted in Karachi, Pakistan. A sample of 193 dyads of mother–children (6–30 months of age) was selected via purposive sampling. Saliva samples of the dyads were collected to assess S. mutans count. Caries assessment was performed for both using the DMFT index. A pretested questionnaire was used. The association of bottle‐feeding, oral hygiene measures, and other factors with S. mutans counts in children were also explored. Zero‐inflated negative binomial regression model at a 5% level of significance was applied using STATA version 12.0. Results Out of 193 children, 109 (56.47%) were males and 84 (43.52%) were females. The mean age of mothers and children was 29.4 ± 6.2 years and 19.54 ± 6.8 months, respectively. Maternal S. mutans counts were not statistically associated with child's S. mutans counts (Mean child's S. mutans count ratio: 1; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1, 1.01; p = .882). Compared with children who were breastfed, S. mutans counts were higher in children who were bottle‐fed (mean S. mutans count ratio= 4.85 [95% CI: 1.53, 15.41], p = .007). Age of mother and present caries status of mothers was significantly associated with the child's S. mutans count. Conclusion No association between maternal S. mutans and child S. mutans was observed. However, maternal age, children who were breastfed, children who did not use pacifiers, and children with mothers who did not have caries, exhibited low S. mutans counts in their saliva.

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Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries in India – A Systematic Review

Cited by 93 publications

References 42 publications

School Interventions–based Prevention of Early‐Childhood Caries among 3–5‐year‐old children from very low socioeconomic status: Two‐year randomized trial

School Interventions–based Prevention of Early‐Childhood Caries among 3–5‐year‐old children from very low socioeconomic status: Two‐year randomized trial

Acceptance of Parents to Silver Diamine Fluoride in Pre-cooperative Children: A Cross-sectional Study

Streptococcus mutans carriage in the saliva of mothers and its association with dental caries and Streptococcus mutans carriage in the saliva of children between 6 and 30 months old in a low‐income setting in Karachi, Pakistan

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