Prevalence of drug use during sex amongst MSM in Europe: Results from a multi-site bio-behavioural survey

Rosińska, Magdalena; Gios, Lorenzo; Nöstlinger, Christiana; Berghe, Wim Vanden; Marcus, Ulrich; Schink, Susanne; Sherriff, Nigel; Jones, Anna M.; Folch, Cinta; Dias, Sónia; Veličko, Inga; Mirandola, Massimo

doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2018.01.002

Cited by 84 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…We examined the patterns of use of different RD types among Chinese MSM and the impact of such RD use on HIV high-risk behaviors and HIV acquisition. We found that the prevalence of polydrug use among Chinese MSM (5.0%) was lower than the reported prevalence of polydrug use among MSM in western high-income countries(~11.8%) [2]. Chinese MSM who used multiple RDs frequently used poppers along with one or more types of other RDs.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

“…We found that 90% of MSM used poppers, and those who used multiple RDs frequently used poppers along with one or more types of other RDs (i.e., methamphetamine, ecstasy, codeine, or ketamine). Poppers are physiologically active substances that facilitate and enhance anal intercourse [2,12]. They do not affect the mental function or decision-making directly [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Men who have sex with men (MSM) experience a disproportionately high burden of human immunode ciency virus (HIV) infection [1]. Use of recreational drugs (RDs) among this population is regarded as a serious public health concern in China and overseas [2][3][4]. Such as ecstasy and methamphetamine, RDs are stimulants synthesized by chemistry, which are different from traditional drugs such as heroin and opium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the severity of this problem, most of the research on polydrug use has been in high-income countries [2,17] which, because of political, legal, and cultural differences, may not apply to middle-low income countries [8,19]. Also, the HIV incidence among MSM is higher in middle-low income countries than in high-income countries [20], which suggests a need for studying the effects of polydrug use upon recent HIV infection in middle-low income countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polydrug use is associated with new HIV infections among men who have sex with men in China: a multicenter cross-sectional survey

Mao¹,

Leuba

Hu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Recreational drug use is popular among men who have sex with men (MSM), while there is limited information about polydrug use and its consequent impact on sexual health and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition. Methods: Mixed methods were used to recruit MSM from seven cities in China between 2012 and 2013. Participants were divided into four subgroups based on the number of recreational drugs (RDs) used in the past 6 months. “Polydrug use” was defined as simultaneous use of ≥2 types of RDs. Information on demographics and HIV high-risk behaviors (HIV-HRBs) was collected, and blood samples were tested for recent HIV infection by the BED capture enzyme immunoassay. Results: A total of 4,496 Chinese MSM participated, of which 28.4% used RDs, and 5% were polydrug users. Polydrug users commonly took poppers with one or more types of other RDs (e.g. methamphetamine). Polydrug users were likely to be aged 26–30 years, have low educational attainment, be internal migrants, have a high monthly income, use versatile positions during anal intercourse, and have inadequate knowledge about prevention of HIV infection. As the number of RDs used in the past 6 months increased, the prevalence of HIV-HRBs increased ( P <0.05 for all). The odds of recent HIV infection were higher among those who used one type (aOR = 2.2, 95%CI: 1.5–3.0) or two types of RDs (2.3, 1.0–5.2) in the past 6 months compared with those who did not use RDs. Conclusion: The level and pattern of polydrug use among Chinese MSM were different from high-income countries. Polydrug use had a dose-effect relationship with HIV-HRBs. Polydrug users who have higher levels of RDs use are more likely to engage in various sexual risks, thus may be associated with new HIV infections.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polydrug use is associated with new HIV infections among men who have sex with men in China: a multicenter cross-sectional survey

Mao¹,

Leuba

Hu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…In the UK, 1.8% of an online survey of GBM reported recent IDU and 2.9% lifetime IDU . A European internet survey of GBM in 33 countries in 2010 found 5% report lifetime IDU , and a 2013–2014 survey of GBM in 13 European cities reported a similar lifetime injecting prevalence of 4.4% . Our prevalence of IDU among GBM therefore sits in the lower to mid‐range internationally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Injecting drug use among gay and bisexual men in New Zealand: Findings from national human immunodeficiency virus epidemiological and behavioural surveillance

Saxton

McAllister

Noller³

et al. 2020

Drug and Alcohol Review

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Introduction and Aims. Gay and bisexual men (GBM) who inject drugs are disproportionately affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) because of dual transmission risks. New Zealand has a progressive history of harm reduction and was the first country to publicly fund needle exchange programs in 1988 for people who inject drugs (PWID). We combine national HIV epidemiological and bio-behavioural surveillance data to understand HIV risk among this subpopulation. Design and Methods. We examine trends in new HIV diagnoses 1996-2018 by mode of transmission, and compare HIV cases attributed to sex between men (MSM-only), MSM/injecting drug use (IDU) and IDU-only. IDU among GBM in a national HIV behavioural surveillance survey was also examined. We compare GBM by IDU status (never, 'recent', previous) and identified predictors of recent IDU. Results. Of 1653 locally-acquired HIV diagnoses 1996-2018, 77.4% were MSM-only, 1.5% MSM/IDU, 1.4% IDU-only and 14.2% heterosexual mode of transmission. On average, just one HIV diagnosis attributed to MSM/IDU and IDU, respectively, occurred per annum. MSM/IDU cases were more likely than MSM-only cases to be indigenous M aori ethnicity. Of 3163 GBM survey participants, 5.4% reported lifetime IDU and 1.2% were recent IDU. Among GBM, HIV positivity was 20% among recent IDU and 5.3% among never injectors. Predictors of recent IDU were: age under 30; more than 20 male partners; female partner; condomless intercourse; HIV positivity. Discussion and Conclusion. New Zealand has averted high endemic HIV rates seen among GBM and PWID in other countries and results have been sustained over 30 years. [Saxton PJW, McAllister SM, Noller GE, Newcombe DAL, Leafe KA. Injecting drug use among gay and bisexual men in New Zealand: Findings from national human immunodeficiency virus epidemiological and behavioural surveillance. Drug Alcohol Rev 2020;39:365-374]

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Comparison of clinical course of Mpox among HIV‐negative and HIV‐positive patients: A 2022 cohort of hospitalized patients in Central Europe

Kowalski,

Cielniak,

Garbacz‐Łagożna

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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Mpox has become the most significant orthopoxviral infection among humans. Since May 2022, there has been a multicountry outbreak of mpox across six continents. Retrospective observational cohort study of 94 patients with probable or confirmed mpox of whom 86.2% were hospitalized in Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, Poland between May 16 and October 30, 2022. Most patients were young (median age: 31, IQR: 25−43 years), predominantly (88.3%) Polish men who have sex with men exposed most commonly in Poland (82.7%), Spain (6.2%), or Germany (4.9%). The median observed mpox incubation period was 7 (IQR: 4−8) days with the median hospitalization time of 7 (range: 2−24, IQR: 5−11) days. History of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) was common in the group (previous syphilis or hepatitis C virus in 33.3% and 17.3%, respectively, 6.2% of early syphilis or gonorrhea). A significant proportion (n = 43, 45.7%) of mpox cases were people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), all except one were on stable and virologically effective (88.4% with HIV viral load <50 copies/mL) antiretroviral treatment. Chemsex was reported in 34.6% of hospitalized cases, more commonly among people with HIV (48.5% vs. 25.0%, p = 0.029). None of the mpox infected patients presented with advanced HIV infection. Despite the fact that 6.3% of cases presented with >50 skin lesions the course of the disease was self‐limited with no severe cases or deaths. There were no significant clinical or laboratory differences or complication rates between patients with and without HIV coinfection. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of mpox in Poland are similar to other countries, but there were no targeted, population oriented interventions or vaccination programs. Mpox diagnosis provided an opportunity to screen and diagnose other STIs. As Central European populations, including refugees from Ukraine, are largely unvaccinated against mpox access to preventive vaccinations and antiviral therapy should be maximized.

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Prevalence of drug use during sex amongst MSM in Europe: Results from a multi-site bio-behavioural survey

Cited by 84 publications

References 49 publications

Polydrug use is associated with new HIV infections among men who have sex with men in China: a multicenter cross-sectional survey

Polydrug use is associated with new HIV infections among men who have sex with men in China: a multicenter cross-sectional survey

Injecting drug use among gay and bisexual men in New Zealand: Findings from national human immunodeficiency virus epidemiological and behavioural surveillance

Comparison of clinical course of Mpox among HIV‐negative and HIV‐positive patients: A 2022 cohort of hospitalized patients in Central Europe

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