Prevalence of different metabolic phenotypes of obesity in Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN V study

Heshmat, Ramin; Hemati, Zeinab; Payab, Moloud; Hamzeh, Shirin Seyed; Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeil; Shafiee, Gita; Taheri, Majzoubeh; Ziaodini, Hasan; Qorbani, Mostafa; Kelishadi, Roya

doi:10.1007/s40200-018-0363-5

Cited by 17 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…A previous national study reported the prevalence of obesity as 10.9%, MHO as 9.1%, and MUO as 1.8% among children and adolescents in Iran [6]. It means approximately 83.3 and 16.7% of children and adolescents affected by obesity were MHO and MUO, respectively, while in the current study, the prevalence of these phenotypes was 38.8 and 62.2%, respectively.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

“…This further highlights the importance of obesity phenotypes in children and adolescents, since MHO and MUO comprise both excess weight and cardiometabolic RFs. A recent study among children and adolescents in Iran reported the prevalence of obesity, MHO, and MUO as 10.9, 9.1, and 1.8%, respectively [6]. Meanwhile, in the US, approximately 65% of adolescents affected by obesity have the MHO phenotype, while only 32% of adults with excess weight have this phenotype.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) score and obesity phenotypes in children and adolescents

Rahimi

Yuzbashian

Zareie

et al. 2020

Nutr J

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Background The prevalence of obesity and its two important phenotypes, the metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and the metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) are 10.9, 9.1, and 1.8%, respectively, among children and adolescents in Iran. Data on the link between diet quality indices and obesity phenotypes in children and adolescents is scarce. The present study aimed to assess the association of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score with MHO and MUO, as well as with cardiometabolic risk factors (RFs) in children and adolescents with excess weight. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 341 children and adolescents with excess weight aged 6–13 years, selected from primary schools of Tehran. The DASH score was determined based on eight components using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric measures, insulin, fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile, and physical activity levels were collected. MUO was classified based on two definitions: having 2 or more cardiometabolic RFs, or being insulin resistant determined by a homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) ≥ 3.16. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for MUO phenotypes and cardiometabolic RFs in each tertile of the DASH score after adjustment for confounders. Results The mean ± SD for age and DASH score was 9.3 ± 1.7 years and 24.0 ± 4.9, respectively. The prevalence of MUO was 62.2% based on RFs, and 43.4% based on HOMA-IR. Participants in the highest tertile of the DASH score had significantly decreased odds for MUO based on HOMA-IR (OR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.28–0.87) compared with those in the lowest tertile, after adjustment for confounders. However, there were no associations between the DASH score and any of cardiometabolic RFs, or MUO based on RFs (OR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.38–1.20). Conclusion The DASH score was inversely associated with MUO based on HOMA-IR, but not associated with MUO based on cardiometabolic RFs in this sample of children and adolescents. A DASH-style diet may have favourable effects on insulin sensitivity among children and adolescents with excess weight. Universal definitions for MHO/MUO are required, and longitudinal studies recommended to shed light upon this subject.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) score and obesity phenotypes in children and adolescents

Rahimi

Yuzbashian

Zareie

et al. 2020

Nutr J

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“…The prevalence of MHNO was higher than other groups, followed by MHO, MNHNO, and MNHO, respectively. This finding was in line with previous studies in Iranian children and adolescents (43,44).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level With Metabolic Phenotypes of Obesity in Children and Adolescents: The CASPIAN-V Study

et al. 2020

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significantly increased the odds of being MHO (OR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.07-1.77) and MNHO (OR: 2.89; 1.05-8.31) compared to the healthy group. Likewise, in multivariate model, per each unit (ng/mL) increment in 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration, the odds of MNHNO and MNHO decreased significantly by 7% (OR: 0.93; 0.91-0.96) and 6% (OR: 0.94; 0.91-0.98) respectively. Conclusion: Our results support the hypothesis that 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration is associated with metabolic obesity phenotypes. Longitudinal studies are necessary to assess the clinical impacts of this finding.

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“…Seventy six articles were included in the nal analysis in this meta-analysis. Twenty ve studies were excluded due to the following exclusion criteria: different study population [109][110][111][112][113], no full test [114][115][116][117], unclear diagnostic criteria [118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125], letter to editor [126], written in non English language [127,128], and different study design [129][130][131][132][133] (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Selection Of Eligible Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Syndrome Among Children and Adolescents in Low and Middle Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Bitew

Alemu

Ayele

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clustering of cardiovascular risk factors, which is raising the low and middle income countries (LMICs). There are various studies with inconsistent findings, but they are inconclusive for policy makers and program planners. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at estimating the pooled prevalence of MetS and its components in LMICs. Methods: Electronic searches were conducted in international databases including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE (Elsevier), Scopus, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Science direct (Elsevier), Food Science and Technology Abstracts (FSTA), Global Health and Medline, and other sources (World Cat, Google Scholar, and Google). The pooled estimates were computed in the random effect model. The pooled prevalence was computed using the three diagnostic methods (IDF, ATP III and de Ferranti). Publication bias was verified using funnel plot and Egger’s regression test. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were performed to identify the possible sources of heterogeneity among the included studies. Result: In this study, 142,142 children and adolescents from 76 eligible articles were included to compute the pooled prevalence of MetS and its components in LMCIs. MeTs among the overweight and obese population was computed from 20 articles with the pooled prevalence of 24.09%, 36.5%, and 56.32% in IDF, ATP III and de Ferranti criteria, respectively. Similarly, a total of 56 articles were eligible to compute the pooled prevalence of MetS in the general population of children and adolescents. Hence, Mets was found in 3.98% (IDF), 6.71% (ATP III) and 8.91% (de Ferranti) of study subjects. Regarding the components of MetS, abdominal obesity was the major component in overweight and obese population and low HDL-C was the most common component in the general population. This study also revealed that males were highly affected by MetS than females. Conclusion: This study illustrates that MetS among children and adolescents is an emerging public health challenge in LMICs, where the prevalence of obesity is on the move. Preventive strategies such as community and school based intervention need to be designed. Promoting physical activities and healthy eating behaviors could avert this problem.

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Prevalence of different metabolic phenotypes of obesity in Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN V study

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

Dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) score and obesity phenotypes in children and adolescents

Dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) score and obesity phenotypes in children and adolescents

Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level With Metabolic Phenotypes of Obesity in Children and Adolescents: The CASPIAN-V Study

Metabolic Syndrome Among Children and Adolescents in Low and Middle Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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