Prevalence of Developmental Coordination Disorder Using the DSM-IV at 7 Years of Age: A UK Population–Based Study

Lingam, Raghu; Hunt, Linda; Golding, Jean; Jongmans, Marian J.; Emond, Alan

doi:10.1542/peds.2008-1770

Cited by 356 publications

(346 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Binomial analysis revealed that there were significantly more co-morbid motor problems in speech and language disabilities or F80 (33.7%) as opposed to 1.7% (Lingam et al 2009) in the general population (p<.0001). Significantly more motor problems have also been established in learning disabilities or F81 (24.8%) as opposed in the general population (p<.0001).…”

Section: Insert Table 1 About Herementioning

confidence: 92%

“…Frequencies were calculated and Pearson's chisquare tests were conducted. Descriptive statistics compared the proportion of comorbid motor problems with the general population (1.7%) (Lingam et al 2009) using the test based on binomial distribution.…”

Section: Analysis Of Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DCD appears in 1.7% of the school-aged children and has a gender ratio of 1.8:1 males to females (Lingam et al 2009). Moreover, motor problems exist as a co-morbid disability in children with other developmental disorders (Emck et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How common are motor problems in children with a developmental disorder: rule or exception?

Pieters

Block

Scheiris³

et al. 2011

Child

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Key messages• Co-morbidity of motor problems with pervasive developmental disorder, a hyperkinetic disorder and/or a speech, language or learning disability varied between one fourth and one third of the children in this clinical sample.• Co-morbidity rates of motor problems in developmental and behavioural disorders are lower than previously reported • Co-morbidity of motor problems with pervasive developmental disorder, a hyperkinetic disorder and/or a speech, language or learning disability shows different patterns in boys and girls • It is recommended to asses motor skills in children with developmental disorders Word count main text: 3167 3 AbstractBackground: Few co-morbidity studies have been conducted since the Leeds Consensus Statement on Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) in 2006. In this Statement, international cut-offs and inclusion criteria were agreed and consequently the status of DCD changed. Furthermore, most existing comorbidity studies are small clinical studies, rather than epidemiological studies, resulting in a broad range of co-morbidity rates. DCD has a higher incidence for boys in comparison with girls, questions arise if this preponderance remains the same in combination with other developmental disorders. Therefore, in this study we aimed to determine co-morbidity and gender differences of motor problems in children with a pervasive developmental disorder, a hyperkinetic disorder and/or a speech, language or learning disability. Methods: Profiles of 3608 children (mean age 9y 1mo) referred to rehabilitation centres for behavioural, developmental and sensorineural disorders were studied.Results: Motor problems were reported in one fifth of the total sample. Comorbidity of motor problems in specific disorders varied between almost one fourth to more than one third. The male/female ratio was significantly higher in children with motor problems and 2 or more other disorders compared to children with motor problems and less than 2 other disorders.Conclusions: This study indicates that co-morbidity of motor problems with other clinical disorders is not exceptional and developmental deviance is seldom specific to one domain. However, current co-morbidity studies tend to overestimate the number of children with motor problems. In addition, there may be different patterns of symptoms between the genders. These findings stress the importance of assessing motor skills in children with various developmental disorders.

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confidence: 92%

Section: Analysis Of Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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How common are motor problems in children with a developmental disorder: rule or exception?

Pieters

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Scheiris³

et al. 2011

Child

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“…Coordination Disorder, executive functioning WORD COUNT: 2,210 RESPONSE TIMING AND DCD 4 Brief Report: Response inhibition and processing speed in children with motor difficulties and developmental coordination disorder Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) occurs in between 1.8-6% of the population (Lingam, Hunt, Golding, Jongmans, & Emond, 2009;American Psychiatric Association: APA, 2013). It is defined by motor impairment that has an impact on activities of daily living and academic achievement that is not better explained by intellectual disability or an underlying neurological condition (APA, 2013).…”

Section: Abstract: Response Inhibition Processing Speed Motor Diffimentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief report: Response inhibition and processing speed in children with motor difficulties and developmental coordination disorder

Bernardi

Leonard

Hill

et al. 2015

Child Neuropsychology

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“…[1][2][3] Both fine and gross motor control are affected, and resulting functional limitations lead to difficulties in many activities of daily living. In recent years, much attention has focused on the impact of DCD on physical activity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Is developmental coordination disorder a fundamental cause of inactivity and poor health‐related fitness in children?

Cairney

Veldhuizen

2013

Develop Med Child Neuro

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DCD Developmental coordination disorderDevelopmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a common, neurodevelopmental disorder of children that results in significant impairment in everyday activities of living. Over the past two decades, a large body of work has documented associations between DCD, physical inactivity, and poor health-related fitness. The exact nature of these relations, however, has been relatively little studied. In this paper, we ask whether the balance of evidence supports the proposition that DCD is a fundamental cause of inactivity and poor fitness. To address this question, we apply Hill's criteria for causation. We conclude that the evidence is consistent with, and reasonably supportive of, this proposition, but does not exclude alternative explanations.Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting motor coordination with a reported prevalence of between 1.8 and 5% of school-aged children. 1-3Both fine and gross motor control are affected, and resulting functional limitations lead to difficulties in many activities of daily living. In recent years, much attention has focused on the impact of DCD on physical activity. On average, children with DCD are less physically active than others, 4 reporting lower levels of participation both in free and in organized active play.5 It has been argued that, as a result, these children are at increased risk for obesity 6 and poor health-related fitness in general, 7 with potentially serious health consequences later in life.The past decade, in particular, has seen the accretion of a large body of literature on these associations. 8,9 There is some evidence that inactivity is a cause of poor motor functioning, and some that poor motor functioning is a cause of inactivity. In one popular model, this relation is characterized as a negative feedback loop: poor motor functioning leads to decreased activity, which leads to a failure to develop motor skills and to poor fitness, both of which may further discourage physical activity. 8 Although this model recognizes that motor functioning and inactivity are reciprocally related, most of its proponents would argue that poor motor coordination is the root cause-the spark that initiates the cycle. This belief, however, has gone largely untested.In this paper, we ask what recent work suggests about the direction of causality in these otherwise well-studied relations. We do not do this with the aim of firmly identifying a chain of cause and effect, but with the more modest one of deciding whether the weight of evidence suggests that one view or another is likelier. To do so, we use a well-known framework in epidemiology: the Bradford Hill criteria.

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Prevalence of Developmental Coordination Disorder Using the DSM-IV at 7 Years of Age: A UK Population–Based Study

Cited by 356 publications

References 18 publications

How common are motor problems in children with a developmental disorder: rule or exception?

How common are motor problems in children with a developmental disorder: rule or exception?

Brief report: Response inhibition and processing speed in children with motor difficulties and developmental coordination disorder

Is developmental coordination disorder a fundamental cause of inactivity and poor health‐related fitness in children?

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