Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, Distress and Insomnia and Related Factors in Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey

Şahin, Mustafa Kürşat; Aker, Servet; Şahin, Gülay; Karabekiroğlu, Aytül

doi:10.1007/s10900-020-00921-w

Cited by 215 publications

(302 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…A review reported that as the professional experience increased, HCWs were less likely to develop psychiatric disorders ( 38 ). Contrary to this, a Turkish study observed depression and anxiety scores in participants working for 10 years or more were significantly higher than those working for <10 years ( 36 ). In our study, we did not find any association between psychological distress and location, unlike other studies where they found HCWs living in the Central region (Riyadh) reported higher scores for anxiety and depression compared to other regions ( 20 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…A study by Aoun et al ( 33 ) also reported significantly higher levels of anxiety in nurses compared to physicians. In other studies, it was observed that female nurses with close contact with COVID-19 patients appeared to suffer from the highest mental health risks ( 3 , 36 , 38 ). A Chinese study had reported that being a physician was a protective factor against insomnia ( 37 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…On the other hand, two Saudi studies reported that HCW between 30–39 and 40–49 years had significantly higher depression scores ( 20 , 27 ). A Turkish study reported higher depression and anxiety scores in the 26–30 age groups than in other age groups ( 36 ). In China, it was reported that HCW in the 31–40-year age groups were more worried about infecting their families compared with other groups ( 44 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rate of psychological distress amongst HCWs worldwide is much higher than reported in some Middle East countries. A study done in turkey between April and May 2020 reported a prevalence rate of depression (77.6%), anxiety (60.2%), and insomnia (50.4%)in HCWs ( 36 ). A study done in New York HCWs in April 2020 reported symptoms of depression (PHQ-9) in 48% and anxiety (GAD-7) in 33% of respondents ( 4 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study reported that they are at higher risk than colleagues, and other studies suggesting no vital difference in stress for the department ( 49 ). A Turkish study reported no difference in terms of depression or anxiety symptoms in front line workers than second-line workers ( 36 ). A study was done by Aoun et al ( 33 ) also reported that working as a nurse or dentist outside of the middle east was associated with moderate to severe anxiety.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mental Health Outcomes Amongst Health Care Workers During COVID 19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia

et al. 2021

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Objectives: The study aimed to assess the mental health outcomes and associated factors among health care workers during COVID 19 in Saudi Arabia.Design, Setting, and Participants: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of health care workers from tertiary care and ministry of health Centers across the Central, Eastern, and Western regions of Saudi Arabia. There were 1,130 participants in the survey, and we collected demographic and mental health measurements from the participants.Primary Outcomes and Measures: The magnitude of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and insomnia was measured using the original version of 9-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9), the 7-item generalized anxiety disorder scale (GAD-7), and 7-item insomnia severity index (ISI). We use the multiple logistic regression analysis to identify the associated risk factors of individual outcomes.Results: The scores on the PHQ-9 showed that the largest proportion of health care workers (76.93%) experienced only normal to mild depression (50.83 and 26.1%, respectively). The scores on the GAD-7 showed that the largest proportion of health care workers (78.88%) experienced minimal to mild anxiety (50.41 and 28.47%, respectively). The scores on the ISI showed that the largest proportion of health care workers (85.83%) experienced absence to subthreshold insomnia (57.08 and 28.75%, respectively). The risk factors for depression in health care workers were Saudi, living with family, working from an isolated room at home and frontline worker. For anxiety, being female was risk factor and for insomnia, being frontline worker was risk factor.Conclusion: It was observed that the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and insomnia were reported in a lower proportion of health care workers in our study. The participants who were female, frontline workers, Saudi, living with family, and working from home in isolated rooms were predisposed to developing psychological disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mental Health Outcomes Amongst Health Care Workers During COVID 19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia

et al. 2021

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Assessing mental health status among Iranian healthcare workers in times of the COVID‐19 pandemic: A web‐based cross‐sectional study

et al. 2021

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Objectives: The present study was conducted to assess 3(HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A total number of 7626 HCWs were included in this web-based crosssectional study, via the convenience sampling technique. To collect the required data, the sociodemographic characteristics information form, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS) were also employed. In addition, data analysis was performed using the SPSS Statistics software (ver. 24), as well as descriptive statistics, Chi-square test (χ 2 ), and univariate/multivariate logistic regression models. Results:The CDAS results revealed that 47.9% and 70.5% of the HCWs had experienced moderate levels of physical and psychological anxiety, respectively. Based on the DASS results, 44.8%, 43%, and 34.8% of the HCWs had been subjected to depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. The logistic regression models correspondingly showed that depression among the HCWs was significantly correlated with risk factors, such as the age groups of 20-30

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Posttraumatic stress disorder and depression of Chinese medical staff after 2 years of COVID‐19: A multicenter study

Liu

Zou

et al. 2022

Brain and Behavior

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Background: In December 2019, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first reported in Wuhan, China, and has had a negative psychological impact on the medical staff. However, the long-term psychological effects of COVID-19 were still unclear. We aimed to assess the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression among medical staff 2 years after COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan, China. Methods: We conducted a multicenter study in five general hospitals in Wuhan, China. PTSD was assessed using the PTSD Checklist-5. Depression was measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Multivariate adjusted logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association among demographic variables, depressive indicators, and PTSD. Results: In a sample of 1795 medical staff, 295 (16.40%) participants reported PTSD and 329 (18.30%) reported depression. After multivariate adjusted logistic regression analyses, participants involved in COVID-19 clinical work, unsafe working environment, poor doctor-patient relationship, unhealth status, work dissatisfaction, and low family support were at a high risk for PTSD and depression 2 years after the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions:Although it has been more than 2 years after the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, the mental health of medical staff remains a concern. In particular, medical staff involved in the clinical care of COVID-19 patients showed a higher risk of PTSD and depression 2 years after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study may provide some useful suggestions for psychological interventions for medical staff.

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Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, Distress and Insomnia and Related Factors in Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey

Cited by 215 publications

References 49 publications

Mental Health Outcomes Amongst Health Care Workers During COVID 19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia

Mental Health Outcomes Amongst Health Care Workers During COVID 19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia

Assessing mental health status among Iranian healthcare workers in times of the COVID‐19 pandemic: A web‐based cross‐sectional study

Posttraumatic stress disorder and depression of Chinese medical staff after 2 years of COVID‐19: A multicenter study

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