Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in china during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Abstract

Background The novel coronavirus disease which is believed to have initially originated in Wuhan city of China at the end of 2019 was declared as pandemic by March 2020 by WHO. This pandemic significantly impacted the mental health of communities around the globe. This project draws data from available research to quantify COVID-19 mental health issues and its prevalence in China during the early period of the COVID-19 crisis. It is believed that this pooling of data will give fair estimate of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health. Methods We conducted this study in accordance with PRISMA guidelines 2009. The protocol for this review is registered and published in PROSPERO (CRD42020182893). The databases used were Pubmed, Medline, Google scholar and Scopus. The studies were extracted according to pre-defined eligibility criteria and risk of bias assessment was conducted. The Meta-analysis was done using OpenMeta [analyst]. Results Total of 62382 participants in nineteen studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Stress was the most prevalent (48.1%) mental health consequence of Covid-19 pandemic, followed by depression (26.9%) and anxiety (21.8%). After performing subgroup analysis, prevalence of depression and anxiety in both females and frontline health care workers were high as compared to the prevalence in general Chinese population. Conclusion The prevalence of depression and anxiety is moderately high whereas pooled prevalence of stress was found to be very high in Chinese people during this Covid-19 crisis.

Factors associated with psychological distress during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the predominantly general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Previous meta-analyses among general population only reported the prevalence of psychological distress [6,[32][33][34][35][36][37]. In comparison, the primary objective of the current meta-analysis was to determine the factors associated with psychological distress using quantitative assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic in the predominantly general population.…”

“…We conducted a systematic search on PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and the World Health Organization (WHO) COVID-19 database (from Dec 2019 to 15 July 2020). We also manually searched the references of relevant reviews [6,[23][24][25][32][33][34][35][36][37]. We did not assess grey literature sources.…”

One Year of Evidence on Mental Health Disorders in China during the COVID-19 Crisis - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Unlike prior meta-analyses, most of which searched the literature before May 2020, our meta-analysis covered a whole year of COVID-19 to yield stronger evidence. Our meta-analysis from a systematic review comprises 171 independent samples with 630,244 participants from 131 studies, much larger than the prior meta-analyses on China’s population that included 7–50 studies with 2123 to 62,382 participants (Bareeqa et al, 2020; Krishnamoorthy et al, 2020; Pappa, 2020; Ren et al, 2020a; Salari et al, 2020b). The comparison reveals that our pooled prevalence rates largely fall between the findings of previous meta-analyses, suggesting our larger data is consistent yet fine-tunes them.…”

“…The sudden outburst of this highly infectious disease and the containment measures such as quarantine and social distancing have posed an unprecedented disruption on the life and work of the general population and healthcare workers (HCWs) (Douglas et al, 2020; Zhang et al, 2020h). Their mental health conditions under the COVID-19 epidemic have been documented first and most extensively to date in China (Bareeqa et al, 2020; Pappa, 2020). The accumulating number of such studies has triggered several rapid meta-analyses (Bareeqa et al, 2020; Kisely et al, 2020; Krishnamoorthy et al, 2020; Pappa, 2020; Ren et al, 2020a; Salari et al, 2020b), which have provided important initial evidence on the prevalence of mental issues at the onset of the COVID-19 crisis.…”

“…Their mental health conditions under the COVID-19 epidemic have been documented first and most extensively to date in China (Bareeqa et al, 2020; Pappa, 2020). The accumulating number of such studies has triggered several rapid meta-analyses (Bareeqa et al, 2020; Kisely et al, 2020; Krishnamoorthy et al, 2020; Pappa, 2020; Ren et al, 2020a; Salari et al, 2020b), which have provided important initial evidence on the prevalence of mental issues at the onset of the COVID-19 crisis. One year into the COVID-19 crisis, from November 17, 2019, to November 16, 2020, we see the values of a systematic review and meta-analysis to contribute above and beyond these meta-analyses in four major directions.…”