Prevalence of Depression and Associated Factors among HIV/ AIDS Patients Attending ART Clinic at Debrebirhan Referral Hospital, North Showa, Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Eshetu, Desalegn Asmare; Meseret, Solomon

doi:10.21767/2471-9854.100003

Cited by 8 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In this study, the prevalence of depression among adult HIV/AIDS patients on ART was 14.6%, with 95% CI (10.9% - 18.2%), which is in line with a study conducted in Dilla, Ethiopia (11.2%) [19]. But it is relatively low as compared to 45.8% in Harar [14], 38.94% in Debrebirhan Referral Hospital [20], 43.9% in Tigray [21], 41.2% in Alert Hospital Addis Ababa [7], 63.1% in Khartoum, Sudan [22], and 26.7% in Cameroon [23]. The reason for this discrepancy might be attributable to several factors, including the population being studied, the study periods, the depression diagnostic tools difference, and the sample size used.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Depression among Adult HIV/AIDS Patients Attending ART Clinics at Aksum Town, Aksum, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Gebrezgiabher

Abraha

Hailu

et al. 2019

Depression Research and Treatment

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Background. Depression is consistently associated with increased risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection and poor antiretroviral treatment adherence. Though many factors have been reported as determinant factors of depression, site-specific evidence is needed to identify factors associated with depression among adults on antiretroviral treatment. Methods. An institution based cross-sectional study was carried out from March to May 2015 among 411 adults HIV/AIDS patients on ART clinic follow-up. Participants were selected using systematic random sampling techniques. Data were collected using chart review and interviewer- administered techniques. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were used to compute the statistical test associations by SPSS version-20. Variables with p value < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results. Four hundred eleven patients with a mean age ± Standard Deviation of 36.1±9.2 years and with a total response rate of 97.6% were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of depression was 14.6% (95% CI, 10.90-18.2). Factors independently associated with depression were nonadherence to ART, eating two meals per day or less, having side effect of ART medication, being in the WHO Stage II or above of HIV/AIDS, and living alone with AOR (95% CI) of 3.3 (1.436, 7.759), 2.8 (1.382, 5.794), 4.7 (1.317, 16.514), 2.8 (0.142, 0.786), and 2.4 (1.097, 5.429), respectively. Conclusion. Though the magnitude of depression was found relatively low, it was commonly observed as a mental health problem among adult patients with HIV/AIDS on ART. Programs on counseling and close follow-up of adherence to ART, drug side effects, and nutrition should be strengthened. Health facilities should link adult patients with HIV/AIDS who live alone to governmental and nongovernmental social supporter organizations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Depression among Adult HIV/AIDS Patients Attending ART Clinics at Aksum Town, Aksum, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Gebrezgiabher

Abraha

Hailu

et al. 2019

Depression Research and Treatment

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“…Perceived HIV stigma and feeling stigmatized [ 27 , 28 , 35 ] were predictors for depression. The justification might be due to the fact that those who isolated themselves from others lead to worsening the depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The possible reason might be due to worsening of the symptoms. Clinical stage, stage III of HIV [ 28 , 35 ], and stage IV of HIV/AIDS [ 28 ] were risk factors for depression. The reason might be due to the fact that psychiatric complications of HIV/AIDS signify a significant additional burden for mental health services [ 6 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reason might be due to the fact that psychiatric complications of HIV/AIDS signify a significant additional burden for mental health services [ 6 ]. Patients who had low income [ 26 , 28 , 36 ] and experience of quitting work were significantly affected [ 27 ]. The reason might be that unfulfillment of human needs leads to depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reason might be that unfulfillment of human needs leads to depression. Being hospitalized in the past one month [ 28 ] was also another factor. The reason might be due to the fact that readmission indicates the complication of the problems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression among PLHIV in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, 2017

Amare

Getinet

Shumet

et al. 2018

AIDS Research and Treatment

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Background Depression is a substantial contributor to the global burden of disease and affects people in all communities across the globe. Depression is the most common psychiatric problem associated with HIV/AIDS and half of all PLWHIV with depression go underdiagnosed and untreated. Psychiatric complications of HIVAIDS delay mental health services in less affluent countries. However, there is lack of study with regard to the pooled estimation prevalence of depression in PLWHIV in Ethiopia. Objectives The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize the most current available evidence from 2010 to March 2017 among adult PLWHIV in Ethiopia. Methods The team explored multiple databases searching methods including MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, Google Advance Scholar, and Google Scholar to find studies published with the data on the prevalence of depression among PLWHIV. We searched 150 research articles; of these 143 articles were excluded. Subsequently, thirteen articles were used for synthesis prevalence and four studies were included in the synthesis effect of sex on depression among PLWHIV. Results The total of pooled estimated prevalence of depression in PLWHIV was 36.65. Estimated prevalence of depression in three studies by using CES-D was 31.19% and in six studies by using PHQ-9 was 37.91%. The remaining four studies used a single tool: Kessler-6 Scale (15.5%), HADS (41.2%), HDSQ (43.9%), and BDI (55.8%). Factors such as age, marital status, living alone, poor medication adherence, poor social support, clinical stages II and III of HIV, stigma, income, and occupation were significantly associated with depression. Conclusions and Recommendation The pooled estimate prevalence of depression among PLWHIV was higher than that in the general population. It is better to offer special attention to these populations.

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Depression and Associated Factors among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Attending Antiretroviral Therapy in Public Health Facilities, Hosanna Town, Southern Ethiopia

Hankebo,

Fikru,

Lemma

et al. 2023

Depression Research and Treatment

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Background. Among those infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, depression is one of the most prevalent mental health issues. Despite its high incidence, depression goes undiagnosed and untreated in the majority of HIV/AIDS patients, which has a negative impact on how well they adhere to their antiretroviral regimen. Objective. To assess the magnitude of depression and associated factors among people attending antiretroviral therapy in public health facilities of Hosanna town, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2019. Methods. Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at public health facilities of Hosanna town from June 6 to July 6, 2019, among people living with HIV/AIDS aged 18 years and older who were on ART. A systematic sampling technique was used to select 392 participants. Data were collected using a pretested and standardized structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Variables having a p value less than 0.2 in bivariate analysis were entered into the multiple logistic regression model. Odds ratio with 95% CI was computed, and variables with p value < 0.05 were considered as statistically significantly associated with depression. Result. The prevalence of depression among HIV patients was 37.8%. Being female ( AOR = 2.15 , 95% CI (1.21, 3.84)), not disclosing their HIV status ( AOR = 2.77 , 95% CI (1.57, 4.89)), rural dwellers ( AOR = 2.69 , 95% CI (1.58, 4.57)), poor ART adherence ( AOR = 1.89 , 95% CI (1.10, 3.24)), having HIV-perceived stigma ( AOR = 1.71 , 95% CI (1.01, 2.88)), and poor social support ( AOR = 1.85 , 95% CI (1.11, 3.09)) were significantly associated with depression. Conclusion. The magnitude of depression was high among PLWHIVs. Being female, rural dwellers, not disclosing HIV status, poor ART adherence, HIV-perceived stigma, and poor social support were significantly associated with depression. Enhancing adherence, counseling, and linking those patients who had poor social support to the concerned relatives for care and support is recommended. Providing health education both at the facility level and at the community level may reduce stigma and subsequently depression. Encouraging disclosing HIV status may help to prevent depression.

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Prevalence of Depression and Associated Factors among HIV/ AIDS Patients Attending ART Clinic at Debrebirhan Referral Hospital, North Showa, Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Depression among Adult HIV/AIDS Patients Attending ART Clinics at Aksum Town, Aksum, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Depression among Adult HIV/AIDS Patients Attending ART Clinics at Aksum Town, Aksum, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression among PLHIV in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, 2017

Depression and Associated Factors among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Attending Antiretroviral Therapy in Public Health Facilities, Hosanna Town, Southern Ethiopia

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