Prevalence of Dental Caries in White and Black Children in Nelson County, Virginia, a Rural Southern Community*

Heifetz, Stanley B.; Horowitz, Herschel S.; Korts, David C.

doi:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1976.tb02853.x

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Although surveys-such as the NHES of 1963-65 (15), those in 1963 and 1976 in North Carolina (4,24), and the 1979-80 NDCPS (14)-also found lower caries prevalence in black children, the differences were smaller than previously reported. In a study of black and white students aged 14-17 in Detroit (Michigan) and Columbia (South Carolina) in 1968 (25) and 6-17 year-olds in Nelson County (Virginia) in 1972 (26), black and white children did not differ in DMFT scores.…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 94%

Recent Dental Caries and Treatment Patterns in US Children

Graves¹,

Bohannan²,

Disney³

et al. 1986

J Public Health Dent

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This report presents dental caries and treatment patterns found in a longitudinal study of US children between 1978 and 1982 who were geographically dispersed across several fluoridated and nonfluoridated sites. The analyses include first- and fifth-grade children examined annually for four years in the National Preventive Dentistry Demonstration Program and who did not receive effective preventive procedures. The results indicate that in association with the caries decline in US children, treatment ratios increased by over 20 percent during the study period. FS/DFS ratios averaged 79 percent for the four grade/fluoridation status cohorts analyzed and were significantly higher in fluoridated than in nonfluoridated sites. The single-fissured surface was the dominant treatment or disease area observed and these surfaces tended to be restored early. In assessing tooth-surface status changes annually, tooth surfaces were more than twice as likely to change from sound to filled than from sound to decayed between yearly examinations at fluoridated sites. The lower levels of decay and higher degree of restorative care observed were not observed in lower SES and black children nearly to the extent as those for higher SES and white children in the population. The dental profession should shift its emphasis from the early restoration of fissured-surface defects to an expanded use of sealants for those with reduced decay and focus resources on a minority of the population with high caries levels who receive limited care.

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Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 94%

Recent Dental Caries and Treatment Patterns in US Children

Graves¹,

Bohannan²,

Disney³

et al. 1986

J Public Health Dent

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show abstract

“…Table S4). The final number of included studies was 178, reduced to 75 as the topic of interest in this publication was children aged 5-11 years [De Souza et al, 1967;Creighton, 1969;Kailis, 1971;Beal, 1973;Jensen et al, 1973;Castellanos, 1974;Menezes, 1974;Heifetz et al, 1976;Moreira and Vieira, 1977;Hunter, 1979;Kelly and Harvey, 1979;Schamschula et al, 1980;Manji, 1983;De Muñiz, 1985;Ran and Anaise, 1985;Perkins and Sweetman, 1986;Spencer et al, 1989;Laher, 1990;Bedi and Elton, 1991;Bedi et al, , 2000Grim et al, 1994;Korenstein et al, 1995;Aleksejuniene et al, 1996;Kaste et al, 1996;Davies et al, 1997;Prendergast et al, 1997;Vargas et al, 1998;Brown et al, 2000;Gray et al, 2000;O'Rourke, 2002a, 2002b;Greer et al, 2003;Carvalho et al, 2004;Endean et al, 2004;Macek et al, 2004;Autio-Gold and Tomar, 2005;Chung et al, 2006;Jamieson et al, 2006bJamieson et al, , 2006aJamieson et al, , 2007bJam...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Global Prevalence and Severity of Dental Caries among Racially Minoritized Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nath,

Sethi,

Bastos

et al. 2023

Caries Res

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Racially minoritized children often bear a greater burden of dental caries, but the overall magnitude of racial gaps in oral health and their underlying factors are unknown. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to fill these knowledge gaps. We compared racially minoritized (E) children aged 5–11 years (P) with same-age privileged groups (C) to determine the magnitude and correlates of racial inequities in dental caries (O) in observational studies (S). Using the PICOS selection criteria, a targeted search was performed from inception to December 1, 2021, in nine major electronic databases and an online web search for additional grey literature. The primary outcome measures were caries severity, as assessed by mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) among children and untreated dental caries prevalence (d > 0%). The meta-analysis used the random-effects model to calculate standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Subgroup analysis, tests for heterogeneity (I2, Galbraith plot), leave-one-out sensitivity analysis, cumulative analysis, and publication bias (Egger’s test and funnel plots) tests were carried out. The New Castle Ottawa scale was used to assess risk of bias. This review was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021282771. A total of 75 publications were included in the descriptive analysis. The SMD of dmft score was higher by 2.30 (95% CI: 0.45, 4.15), and the prevalence of untreated dental caries was 23% (95% CI: 16, 31) higher among racially minoritized children, compared to privileged groups. Cumulative analysis showed worsening caries outcomes for racially marginalized children over time and larger inequities in dmft among high-income countries. Our study highlights the high caries burden among minoritized children globally by estimating overall trends and comparing against factors including time, country, and world income. The large magnitude of these inequities, combined with empirical evidence on the oral health impacts of racism and other forms of oppression, reinforce that oral health equity can only be achieved with social and political changes at a global level.

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“…13 15 Therefore, the potential benefit to be derived from this study is applicable to other racial groups.…”

Section: Institutional Review Boardmentioning

confidence: 95%

Ethical and Legal Considerations Associated with Clinical Field Trials

Leske

Ripa

1980

J Dent Res

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As members of a hypothetical review board, we have evaluated the protocol of a clinical caries trial following the recommendations proposed by the National Commission. The potential risks to the subjects were described as well as the potential benefits that both the participants and society might derive from the study. A new element of the institutional review process was the determination of the scientific validity of the study. The Commission was cautious in indicating that, while such a review should be conducted, studies of marginal scientific importance might be allowed, as long as the risks were minimal. Clinical studies of cariostatic agents traditionally use children as subjects. The rights of children as research subjects were addressed in detail by the Commission. Its recommendation that "assent" of the children be secured is significant. Nevertheless, the Commission distinguished between consent and assent. Consent of parents must be actively secured while assent of the children is acquired by their passive acquiescence to participation. We have raised questions at a practical level throughout this presentation in order to stimulate discussion. These questions, however, do not have simple answers. In the time remaining, we trust the complex issues involved will be discussed further.

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Prevalence of Dental Caries in White and Black Children in Nelson County, Virginia, a Rural Southern Community*

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Recent Dental Caries and Treatment Patterns in US Children

Recent Dental Caries and Treatment Patterns in US Children

The Global Prevalence and Severity of Dental Caries among Racially Minoritized Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ethical and Legal Considerations Associated with Clinical Field Trials

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