Prevalence of dementia in East Asia: a synthetic review of time trends

Wu, Yu‐Tzu; Brayne, Carol; Matthews, Fiona E.

doi:10.1002/gps.4297

Cited by 53 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This is especially true for the most economically vulnerable persons, the most elderly persons in high-income countries, 33 and persons in low-to-middle-income countries, 34,35 where the average life expectancy and the burden of vascular risk factors are increasing most rapidly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Dementia over Three Decades in the Framingham Heart Study

et al. 2016

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BACKGROUND The prevalence of dementia is expected to soar as the average life expectancy increases, but recent estimates suggest that the age-specific incidence of dementia is declining in high-income countries. Temporal trends are best derived through continuous monitoring of a population over a long period with the use of consistent diagnostic criteria. We describe temporal trends in the incidence of dementia over three decades among participants in the Framingham Heart Study. METHODS Participants in the Framingham Heart Study have been under surveillance for incident dementia since 1975. In this analysis, which included 5205 persons 60 years of age or older, we used Cox proportional-hazards models adjusted for age and sex to determine the 5-year incidence of dementia during each of four epochs. We also explored the interactions between epoch and age, sex, apolipoprotein E ε4 status, and educational level, and we examined the effects of these interactions, as well as the effects of vascular risk factors and cardiovascular disease, on temporal trends. RESULTS The 5-year age- and sex-adjusted cumulative hazard rates for dementia were 3.6 per 100 persons during the first epoch (late 1970s and early 1980s), 2.8 per 100 persons during the second epoch (late 1980s and early 1990s), 2.2 per 100 persons during the third epoch (late 1990s and early 2000s), and 2.0 per 100 persons during the fourth epoch (late 2000s and early 2010s). Relative to the incidence during the first epoch, the incidence declined by 22%, 38%, and 44% during the second, third, and fourth epochs, respectively. This risk reduction was observed only among persons who had at least a high school diploma (hazard ratio, 0.77; 95% confidence interval, 0.67 to 0.88). The prevalence of most vascular risk factors (except obesity and diabetes) and the risk of dementia associated with stroke, atrial fibrillation, or heart failure have decreased over time, but none of these trends completely explain the decrease in the incidence of dementia. CONCLUSIONS Among participants in the Framingham Heart Study, the incidence of dementia has declined over the course of three decades. The factors contributing to this decline have not been completely identified. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health.)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Dementia over Three Decades in the Framingham Heart Study

et al. 2016

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“…Of these, dementia is the most prominent and poses major challenges to health-care systems. 27 The prevalence of dementia in Asia has previously been reported to be lower than that in Western populations, but agespecific prevalence rates are similar globally. 28, 29 Overall, dementia prevalence is expected to rise dramatically across Asia due to increasingly elderly populations.…”

Section: Sci and The Risk Of Dementia And Cognitive Declinementioning

confidence: 98%

Silent Cerebral Infarction in East Asian vs. Non-Asian Atrial Fibrillation Patients　― Meta-Analysis ―

Senoo

Kondo

Kobayashi

et al. 2018

Circ J

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AF is also a well-established risk factor for dementia. For example, Liao et al reported a consistently higher rate of cognitive decline and risk of dementia in patients with AF. 11 These associations are partly due to the increased risk of clinical stroke in AF, but other mechanisms are likely to contribute, including the occurrence of SCI and microbleeds. 12 Current evidence is not sufficient to support a trend of increased prevalence of dementia in East Asia over the last few decades, but AF may contribute to dementia risk. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare the association of AF and SCI between East Asian and non-Asian patients. Methods Data SourcesPubMed were searched from their inception to 7 October 2017. No language restriction was applied. To ensure a comprehensive search of the literature, we also manually A trial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia 1 and a major cause of stroke. The estimated global prevalence of AF is approximately 1-2%. 2 In Asia, the prevalence of AF has been reported to be slightly lower than that in Western populations. 3,4 Due to the much larger population in Asia, the burden of AF is estimated to be much greater in Asian than in Western populations. Indeed, it has been estimated that in 2050 there will be 72 million patients with AF in Asia, 4 more than double the combined number of patients from Europe and the USA. 1,5 Therefore, it is particularly important that AF is effectively managed in the ageing population of Asia.Silent cerebral infarction (SCI) is defined as the presence of cerebral infarction with the absence of corresponding clinical symptoms. In a recent meta-analysis, AF was associated with a more than 2-fold increased risk for SCI. 6 Several studies have reported an association between AF and increased risk of SCI in East Asian countries, 7-10 with the presence of SCI predicting subsequent clinically overt stroke. Thus, the prevalence of SCI and its effect as a risk factor for overt stroke are important considerations during the evaluation of AF.

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“…It is estimated that by 2030 the prevalence of dementia worldwide will be 65.7 million; that is, double the total in 2010 . In Japan, where the increase in the elderly population has been particularly remarkable, dementia will become a serious problem . The Japanese government has estimated that the prevalence of dementia will increase from 2.8 million (9.5%) in 2010 to 4.7 million (12.8%) in 2025, based on the Dementia Scale (rank ≥ II) of the long‐term care insurance system (LTCI)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive ability of a simple subjective memory complaints scale for incident dementia: Evaluation of Japan's national checklist, the “Kihon Checklist”

Tomata

Sugiyama

et al. 2016

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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Prevalence of dementia in East Asia: a synthetic review of time trends

Cited by 53 publications

References 32 publications

Incidence of Dementia over Three Decades in the Framingham Heart Study

Incidence of Dementia over Three Decades in the Framingham Heart Study

Silent Cerebral Infarction in East Asian vs. Non-Asian Atrial Fibrillation Patients　― Meta-Analysis ―

Predictive ability of a simple subjective memory complaints scale for incident dementia: Evaluation of Japan's national checklist, the “Kihon Checklist”

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Prevalence of dementia in East Asia: a synthetic review of time trends

Cited by 53 publications

References 32 publications

Incidence of Dementia over Three Decades in the Framingham Heart Study

Incidence of Dementia over Three Decades in the Framingham Heart Study

Silent Cerebral Infarction in East Asian vs. Non-Asian Atrial Fibrillation Patients ― Meta-Analysis ―

Predictive ability of a simple subjective memory complaints scale for incident dementia: Evaluation of Japan's national checklist, the “Kihon Checklist”

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Silent Cerebral Infarction in East Asian vs. Non-Asian Atrial Fibrillation Patients　― Meta-Analysis ―