Prevalence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in livestock in Trinidad and Tobago

Kaminjolo, J. S.; Adesiyun, Abiodun A.; Loregnard, R.; Kitson-Piggott, W.

doi:10.1016/0304-4017(93)90076-y

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Cryptosporidium, a known causative agent of gastroenteritis in livestock and first reported in livestock in Trinidad by Kaminjolo et al 12 was also detected in cattle and pigs in this study with 4 (6.8%) out of 59 and 1 (1.9%) out of 52 positive animals, respectively. As found with other…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Similar findings have been reported 8 . enteropathogens, the corresponding prevalence of infection with Cryptosporidium in an earlier study was higher with 8.7% (26 of out 298) in cattle and 19.6% (54 out of 275) in pigs respectively 12 . The relatively low infection rates by coccidia and gastrointestinal helminths may reflect the deworming programs practiced by the farmers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

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A longitudinal study on enteropathogenic infections of livestock in Trinidad

Adesiyun

Kaminjolo

Ngeleka

et al. 2001

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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A longitudinal study was conducted on selected livestock farms to determine the prevalence of enteropathogens in diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic animals. The enteropathogens assayed from faecal samples and rectal swabs were bacteria (Escherichia coli, Campylobacter spp. Salmonella spp. and Yersinia enterocolitica), parasites (coccidia, gastrointestinal nematodes and Cryptosporidium spp.) and viruses (group A rotavirus and parvovirus). The prevalence of the enteropathogens in various animal species was related to age and month of the year. Generally, younger animals presented a higher prevalence of infection by enteropathogens than older animals while most infections occurred between the months of January and April. Key-words: Bacteria. Viruses. Parasites. Diarrhea. Livestock.Resumo Um estudo longitudinal foi realizado em fazendas de criação selecionadas, para determinar a prevalência de enteropatógenos em animais com ou sem diarréia. Os enteropatógenos analisados de amostras fecais e swabs retais foram: bactérias (Escherichia coli, Campylobacter spp, Salmonella spp e Yersinia enterocolitica); parasitas (coccídeos, nematóides gastrintestinais e Cryptosporidium spp) e vírus (Rotavírus grupo A e parvovírus). A prevalência dos enteropatógenos em várias espécies de animais foi relacionada à idade e mês do ano. Geralmente, a prevalência de infecção por enteropatógenos foi maior entre os animais mais jovens que entre os animais mais velhos, enquanto a maioria das infecções ocorreu entre os meses de janeiro e abril.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

A longitudinal study on enteropathogenic infections of livestock in Trinidad

Adesiyun

Kaminjolo

Ngeleka

et al. 2001

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…também já foram identificados como causa de diarréia em bezerros provenientes de rebanhos com aptidão leiteira (Ortolani 1988, Feitosa et al 2004, Langoni et al 2004. No presente estudo, a freqüência de ocorrência desse protozoário foi significantemente maior no grupo diarréico comparativamente ao grupo controle (P=0,005), em consonância com os achados descritos por outros autores (Kaminjolo et al 1993). Contudo, não têm sido observadas diferenças significativas nas taxas de ocorrência desse parasita entre animais com e sem manifestações entéricas (Snodgrass et al 1986, Garcia & Lima 1994.…”

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Diarréia em bezerros da raça Nelore criados extensivamente: estudo clínico e etiológico

Filho

Silva

Pacheco³

et al. 2007

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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A diarréia é considerada uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade de bezerros neonatos. Foram colhidas 100 amostras fecais diarréicas e 30 amostras não diarréicas (grupo controle), de bezerros Nelore com até nove semanas de idade com o objetivo de detectar os enteropatógenos Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, rotavírus, coronavírus, Cryptosporidium spp. e ovos de helmintos. Enteropatógenos foram detectados em 79,0% das amostras diarréicas e em 70,0% das amostras não-diarréicas. No grupo de bezerros com diarréia, E. coli (69,0%) foi o agente mais freqüentemente isolado, seguido de Cryptosporidium spp. (30,0%), coronavírus (16,0%) e rotavírus (11,0%). No grupo controle, E. coli, Cryptosporidium spp. e coronavírus foram detectados, respectivamente, em 66,7%, 10,0% e 3,3% das amostras. Salmonella spp. e ovos de estrongilídeos não foram encontrados nos dois grupos avaliados. A fímbria K99 foi identificada exclusivamente nas linhagens de E. coli isoladas de bezerros com diarréia (5,8%). Entre os antimicrobianos avaliados "in vitro" a enrofloxacina, a norfloxacina e a gentamicina foram os mais efetivos. O peso dos bezerros aos 210 dias de idade não apresentou diferença significativa entre os animais com e sem diarréia.

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“…Oocyst shedding was reported in both clinically healthy pigs and those with diarrhoea (Ramirez et al, 2004). Higher prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in pigs has been reported in Spain (21.9%) and Trinidad (19.6%) with asymptomatic infections in most of the pigs and higher rates in 1-2 month old pigs (Kaminjolo et al, 1993;Quilez et al, 1996a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Cryptosporidiosis in Animals and Man: 2. Diagnosis

Ghazy¹,

Abdel-Shafy²,

Shaapan³

2015

Asian J. of Epidemiology

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Different diagnostic methods including clinical examination, detection of endogenous developmental stages by histopathology and electron microscopy, detection of oocysts by concentration and purification of Cryptosporidium oocysts and staining techniques, immunological assays and molecular identification techniques are described. Clinical examination revealed that diarrhoea begins in infected neonates at 3-5 days post-infection and last for 4-17 days. High mortality due to cryptosporidiosis has been reported, even in the absence of other enteropathogens. Cryptosporidium infections can be diagnosed by histological examination of autopsy or biopsy material from the intestinal mucosa. Endogenous developmental stages can be recognized associated with villous atrophy, villous fusion and changes in the surface epithelium. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy have confirmed the intracellular but extra cytoplasmic location within parasitophorus vacuoles formed by a continuous covering of microvillous membranes. Many specialized staining procedures have been described to stain the wall and/or contents of mature oocysts. The stain of choice for many diagnostic laboratories has been acid-fast staining and safranine-methylene blue. Oocysts stained bright red whereas yeast, bacteria and other fecal debris only take up the counter stain (green or blue). More recently, several immunolabelling techniques using polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies have been developed to detect oocysts.

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Prevalence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in livestock in Trinidad and Tobago

Cited by 36 publications

References 11 publications

A longitudinal study on enteropathogenic infections of livestock in Trinidad

A longitudinal study on enteropathogenic infections of livestock in Trinidad

Diarréia em bezerros da raça Nelore criados extensivamente: estudo clínico e etiológico

Cryptosporidiosis in Animals and Man: 2. Diagnosis

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