Prevalence of cpb2, encoding beta2 toxin, in Clostridium perfringens field isolates: correlation of genotype with phenotype

Bueschel, Dawn M.; Jost, B. Helen; Billington, Stephen J.; Trinh, Hien T.; Songer, J. Glenn

doi:10.1016/s0378-1135(03)00081-6

Cited by 159 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The criterion for the classification of this agent in the present work was based on PCR identification of the genes cpa and cpb2 in C. perfringens isolated from fecal material. So far, it has been difficult to evaluate the pathogenicity of CpA based on the presence of toxin genes, as the toxin can be present even in C. perfringens isolates from healthy piglets (Bueschel et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Matched case-control study evaluating the frequency of the main agents associated with neonatal diarrhea in piglets

Lippke

Borowski²,

Marques

et al. 2011

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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A case-control study was carried out in litters of 1 to 7-day-old piglets to identify the main infectious agents involved with neonatal diarrhea in pigs. Fecal samples (n=276) from piglets were collected on pig farms in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from May to September 2007. Litters with diarrhea were considered cases (n=129) and normal litters (n=147) controls. The samples were examined by latex agglutination test, PAGE, conventional isolating techniques, ELISA, PCR, and microscopic methods in order to detect rotavirus, bacterial pathogens (Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens type A and C, and Clostridium difficile), and parasites (Coccidian and Cryptosporidium spp.). Outbreaks of diarrhea were not observed during sampling. At least one agent was detected in fecal samples on 25 out of 28 farms (89.3%) and in 16 farms (57.1%) more than one agent was found. The main agents diagnosed were Coccidia (42.86%) and rotavirus (39.29%). The main agents identified in litters with diarrhea were Clostridium difficile (10.6%), Clostridium perfringens type A (8.8%) and rotavirus (7.5%); in control litters, Clostridium difficile (16.6%) and Coccidian (8.5%). Beta hemolytic Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens type C were not detected. When compared with controls, no agent was significantly associated with diarrhea in case litters. These findings stress the need for caution in the interpretation of laboratorial diagnosis of mild diarrhea in neonatal pigs, as the sole detection of an agent does not necessarily indicate that it is the cause of the problem. dos surtos e a diarréia, quando presente, apresentou-se leve. Pelo menos um agente foi identificado nas amostras fecais de 25 entre 28 granjas (89,3%) analisadas e em 16 granjas (57,1%) mais de um agente foi detectado. Os principais agentes encontrados nas granjas foram coccídeos (42,86%) e rotavírus (39,29%). Os principais agentes detectados nas leitegadas com diarreia foram Clostridium difficile (10,6%), Clostridium perfringens tipo A (8,8%) e rotavírus (7,5%). Por outro lado, nas leitegadas controle os agentes mais prevalentes foram Clostridium difficile (16,6%) e coccídeos (8,5%). E. coli Beta hemolítica e Clostridium perfringens tipo C não foram detectados. O presente estudo de caso-controle demonstrou que nenhum agente infeccioso esteve associado significativamente com diarreia (p>0.05). Esses achados reforçam a necessidade de que haja cuidado na interpretação de resultados de exames laboratoriais em materiais coletados de leitões com diarreia neonatal leve, pois a detecção isolada de um agente infeccioso não indica necessariamente que o mesmo seja a causa do problema.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Matched case-control study evaluating the frequency of the main agents associated with neonatal diarrhea in piglets

Lippke

Borowski²,

Marques

et al. 2011

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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“…This method entails selective anaerobic isolation of C. perfringens colonies on tryptose-sulfitecycloserine (TSC) agar containing egg yolk emulsion (50%) at 37°, in which colonies are presumed to be C. perfringens if they form a black pigment. All strains (human, veterinary, and food) were verified as being C. perfringens through the use of a multiplexed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of C. perfringens-specific toxin genes Bueschel et al 2003). This test was also used to classify strains into their various toxinotypes (A, B, C, D, or E) (Petit et al 1999), which is the most common clinical system for subtyping C. perfringens pathogenic strains.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Core Housekeeping and Virulence Genes Reveals Cryptic Lineages ofClostridium perfringensThat Are Associated With Distinct Disease Presentations

et al. 2006

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Clostridium perfringens is an important human and animal pathogen that causes a number of diseases that vary in their etiology and severity. Differences between strains regarding toxin gene composition and toxin production partly explain why some strains cause radically different diseases than others. However, they do not provide a complete explanation. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a phylogenetic component that explains the variance in C. perfringens strain virulence by assessing patterns of genetic polymorphism in genes (colA gyrA, plc, pfoS, and rplL) that form part of the core genome in 248 type A strains. We found that purifying selection plays a central role in shaping the patterns of nucleotide substitution and polymorphism in both housekeeping and virulence genes. In contrast, recombination was found to be a significant factor only for the virulence genes plc and colA and the housekeeping gene gyrA. Finally, we found that the strains grouped into five distinct evolutionary lineages that show evidence of host adaptation and the early stages of speciation. The discovery of these previously unknown lineages and their association with distinct disease presentations carries important implications for human and veterinary clostridial disease epidemiology and provides important insights into the pathways through which virulence has evolved in C. perfringens.

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“…perfringens type C is one of the most important causes of enteric infection in foals (BUESCHEL et al, 2003). This enterotoxemia is more common in neonatal animals, but older foals and adult horses can also be affected.…”

Section: Horsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several years ago, it was believed that alpha toxin was the main virulence factor involved in these cases, although some recent studies have shown that this is not completely true (MCCOURT et al, 2005;BUESCHEL et al, 2003). In one these studies, KEYBURN et al (2006) showed that an alpha toxin null mutant was able to produce NE lesions in a chicken experimental model, suggesting that alpha toxin might contribute to the lesions but is not essential for the development of the disease.…”

Section: Broiler Chickensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium perfringens: a review of the disease in pigs, horses and broiler chickens

et al. 2015

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Prevalence of cpb2, encoding beta2 toxin, in Clostridium perfringens field isolates: correlation of genotype with phenotype

Cited by 159 publications

References 11 publications

Matched case-control study evaluating the frequency of the main agents associated with neonatal diarrhea in piglets

Matched case-control study evaluating the frequency of the main agents associated with neonatal diarrhea in piglets

Analysis of Core Housekeeping and Virulence Genes Reveals Cryptic Lineages ofClostridium perfringensThat Are Associated With Distinct Disease Presentations

Clostridium perfringens: a review of the disease in pigs, horses and broiler chickens

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