Prevalence of Complementary Feeding Indicators and Associated Factors Among 6- to 23-Month Breastfed Infants and Young Children in Poor Rural Areas of China

Abstract

This study aimed to estimate the status of complementary feeding (CF) and its associated factors among 6–23-month breastfed infants and young children (IYC). We used secondary data from the China Nutrition Improvement Project on Children in Poor Areas in 2018. The status of CF was provided by parents of IYC through 24-h dietary recall. The study included 13,972 6–23-month-old breastfed IYC comprising 24.7% 6–8-month, 28.5% 9–11-month, 31.4% 12–17-month, and 18–23-month IYC. The highest percentage of IYC introduced to cereal foods was 84.8%. Nearly, 83.6% of 6–8-month infants were introduced to solid or semi-solid food. The prevalence of meeting requirements of non-dairy animal source food and minimum acceptable diet (MAD) was 75.3 and 35.1% of 6–23-month IYC, respectively, and was significantly higher in older than younger IYC (p < 0.001). Age of IYC, education level of parents, paternal employment, and nutrition knowledge of parents were positively associated factors for the prevalence of meeting requirements of MAD, and diarrhea at 2 weeks and maternal employment were negatively associated with MAD. Totally, the prevalence of meeting the requirements of MAD was relatively lower in breastfed IYC. The government should scale up appropriate CF with consideration of food availability.

High response rate and low cost of WeChat-based data collection of infant and young child feeding data in rural Qinghai Province, China

“…The prevalence of the key IYCF indicators in our study was 63.4% for MDD, 55.1% for MMF, and 39.3% for MAD. These results agree with a large-scale paper-based face-to-face survey in poor rural areas of China in 2018, which showed 58.5% for MDD, 51.6% for MMF, and 35.1% for MAD [36]. Additionally, IYCF indicators for children whose caregivers filled in the questionnaire twice were lower than those for children whose caregivers filled in only once.…”

Complementary Feeding Practices among Young Children in China, India, and Indonesia: A Narrative Review

“…Only 5% of urban children consumed SSBs at 6 to 35 mo of age ( 42 ). However, among rural children, 16.7% of 6–23-mo-olds consumed SSBs, and this increased to 33% at 18–23 mo ( 50 ).…”

Effects of the Duration of Ying Yang Bao Consumption on Hemoglobin Concentration in Infants and Young Children in Less Developed Areas of China

“…As described in our previous article, this study used multistage sampling, probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling, and random equidistant sampling to select samples [ 11 ]. Through multistage random sampling, 9 of the 110 monitoring counties introduced to YYB were selected as intervention counties (Longhua, Moyu, Guiding, Tongyu, Yunlong, Songxian, Shilong, Yanchi, and Huangzhong), and 3 of the 40 not introduced in YYB were selected as control counties (Weichang, Luopu, and Fuquan) [ 25 , 26 ]. A pack of YYB was provided daily to IYC in intervention counties, whereas no pack was provided to those in control counties.…”

“…Information of parents and caregivers, including age, education level, and occupation, was also obtained. The dietary status data were collected through a 24 h dietary recall of respondents [ 4 , 25 ]. The frequency of seven groups of complementary foods were collected: grains, roots, and tubers; vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables; other fruits and vegetables; fresh foods (meat, fish, poultry, and liver/organ meats); eggs; dairy products (milk, infant formula, yogurt, and cheese); and legumes and nuts.…”