Prevalence of comorbidities in patients and mortality cases affected by SARS-CoV2: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Espinosa, Omar Ariel; Zanetti, Ariane Cristina Barboza; Antunes, Ednardo Fornanciari; Longhi, Fabiana Gulin; Matos, Tatiane Amorim de; Battaglini, Paula Franciene

doi:10.1590/s1678-9946202062043

Cited by 94 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Epidemiological data showed that SARS-CoV-2 mainly infects and threatens the health of the elderly and subjects with comorbidities, such as diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, and lung diseases [1]. Due to its high infectiousness, SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly throughout the globe, and on 11 March, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially recognized COVID-19 as a pandemic [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Influenza Vaccination Coverage Rate and COVID-19 Outbreak: An Italian Ecological Study

et al. 2020

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Background: The lack of specific vaccines or drugs against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) warrants studies focusing on alternative clinical approaches to reduce the spread of this pandemic disease. In this study, we investigated whether anti-influenza vaccination plays a role in minimizing the diffusion of COVID-19 in the Italian population aged 65 and over. Methods: Four COVID-19 outcomes were used: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroprevalence, hospitalizations for COVID-19 symptoms, admissions to intensive care units for reasons related to SARS-CoV-2, and deaths attributable to COVID-19. Results: At univariate analyses, the influenza vaccination coverage rates correlated negatively with all COVID-19 outcomes (Beta ranging from −134 to −0.61; all p < 0.01). At multivariable analyses, influenza vaccination coverage rates correlated independently with SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence (Beta (95% C.I.): −130 (−198, −62); p = 0.001), hospitalizations for COVID-19 symptoms (Beta (95% C.I.): −4.16 (−6.27, −2.05); p = 0.001), admission to intensive care units for reasons related to SARS-CoV-2 (Beta (95% C.I.): −0.58 (−1.05, −0.12); p = 0.017), and number of deaths attributable to COVID-19 (Beta (95% C.I.): −3.29 (−5.66, −0.93); p = 0.010). The R2 observed in the unadjusted analysis increased from 82% to 159% for all the considered outcomes after multivariable analyses. Conclusions: In the Italian population, the coverage rate of the influenza vaccination in people aged 65 and over is associated with a reduced spread and a less severe clinical expression of COVID-19. This finding warrants ad hoc studies to investigate the role of influenza vaccination in preventing the spread of COVID-19.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Influenza Vaccination Coverage Rate and COVID-19 Outbreak: An Italian Ecological Study

et al. 2020

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“…Similarly, case fatality was higher in men compared with women (men, n=394; women, n=218). 7 Several other studies have also reported higher mortality rates among men. 8,9 The various hypotheses which have been postulated to explain the male predisposition to severe COVID-19 infection are summarised in Table 1.…”

Section: Testosterone As a Foementioning

confidence: 92%

“…infection compared with women. 7 Although socio-cultural factors could partially explain this epidemiological difference, a disproportionately higher predisposition for men to develop serious COVID-19-related complications requires further evaluation. Out of the total number of patients who were admitted to intensive care units, 81% were men (1,345/1,661).…”

Section: Testosterone As a Foementioning

confidence: 99%

Testosterone in COVID-19 – Foe, Friend or Fatal Victim?

Kalra¹,

Bhattacharya²,

Kalhan³

2020

European Endocrinology

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“…Patients with minor symptoms have been reported to cure within a week while patients with severe symptoms have been reported to experience advanced respiratory failure as a result of alveolar damage caused by the virus, which could result in death [ 10 ]. Mortality has been reported principally among elderly and middle aged patients especially with medical situations that include tumor surgery, cirrhosis, hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, and Parkinson's disease [ 1 , 43 , 66 , 67 ].…”

Section: Clinical Appearancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2, the other face to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV: Future predictions

Abdelghany¹,

Ganash²,

Bakri³

et al. 2021

Biomedical Journal

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COVID-19 outbreak is proving to be an unprecedented disaster that lays its dark shadow on global health, economics and personal freedom. SARS and MERS epidemics provide scientific data that is useful in better understanding and resolution of COVID 19. Similarities among SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 have been investigated in the light of available data. SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 evolved in bats and have positive-sense RNA genomes of 27.9 kb, 30.1 kb and 29.9 kb, respectively. Molecular and serological tools used for diagnosis of SARS and MERS patients resemble COVID-19 diagnostic tools. Stability and longevity data of SARS and MERS epidemics contribute in the current pandemic precaution policies. Trials to produce vaccines for SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV failed, therefore the current review predict that trials for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine production if achieved, will be require more time not only for vaccine production but also to be available for patients, during this time antiviral agents, Convalescent plasma and monoclonal antibodies provide potential tratments for sever patients. The mortality rate caused by the SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV reached 15% and 37%, respectively. The first declarations about mortality rate of SARS-CoV-2 was around 2–4% but now this rate differs globally and reached more than 13% in some countries. A realistic COVID-19 outbreak scenario suggest that the pandemic might last for three years with fluctuation in the number of infected cases, unless a vaccine or antiviral drug is to be discovered.

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Prevalence of comorbidities in patients and mortality cases affected by SARS-CoV2: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract: This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.

Cited by 94 publications

References 35 publications

Relationship between Influenza Vaccination Coverage Rate and COVID-19 Outbreak: An Italian Ecological Study

Relationship between Influenza Vaccination Coverage Rate and COVID-19 Outbreak: An Italian Ecological Study

Testosterone in COVID-19 – Foe, Friend or Fatal Victim?

SARS-CoV-2, the other face to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV: Future predictions

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