Prevalence of Common Mental Disorder And Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Abebebch Gobena Mother And Child Hospital Addis Ababa Ethiopia in 2022: Cross sectional study

Abstract

Introduction: Common mental disorders (CMDs) are nonpsychotic mental health conditions like depression, anxiety, adjustment, and somatoform disorders that compromise daytoday functioning. Pregnancy and the transition to motherhood involve major physical and psychological changes in the expecting mothers. Objective To assess the prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors among pregnant women in Abebech Gobena Hospital in 2022. Method Crosse sectional study was conducted from May to June 2022 at Abebech Gobena hospital. Systematic random sampling method was employed to select 421 study participants. The data were collected using structured questionnaire and face- to -face interview method. Data was entered in to Epi info 7.1 and export to (SPSS) version 20 for analysis. The association between dependent and independent variables was analyzed by using logistic regression. In bi-variable logistic regression (at p value < 0.25) was entered in to multivariable logistic regression. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was computed. Statistical significance was declared at p value of < 0 .05. Results From the total of 415 participant 85(20.5%) had common mental disorder. As of this result, participants were unplanned 2.9 times [AOR = 2.9, CI95%( 1.3, 6.7)] developed common mental disorder than planed pregnant. Pregnant women who reported history of chronic medical illness have 2.8 CMD than who didn’t (AOR = 2.8; 95%CI: 1.08—7.1). The odds of having CMD among participants who were lifetime alcohol use was 5.3 times (AOR = 5.304, 95% CI = 3.1, 7.1) than participants who did not use. Participants who had no husband support continuity of pregnant were 1.97 times more develop CMD (AOR = 1.97, 95% CI = 0.96, 4.04) as compared with who had husband support. Conclusion and Recommendation: In this study the prevalence of Common Mental Disorder in pregnant women was high. Chronic illness, alcohol use in lifetime, husband support and status of pregnancy were found to be significantly associated with common mental disorder. Therefore all stake holders would involve in providing special psycho-social support during pregnancy than ever at the time of ANC follow up.

Prevalence and Associated factors of common mental disorders among pregnant women in Northwest, Ethiopia: a cross- sectional study

“…Furthermore, women having unplanned pregnancy are usually not mentally prepared to go through the changes and the responsibility that they have to deal with. This nding is in line with studies in other LMICs (50,51,65), and studies in other regions of Ethiopia (20,44,54,66,67).…”

“…This prevalence of 13% (95% CI: 10.01-15.49) was in line with the study conducted in Butajira town (12%) (42), Arba Minch Zuria district (10.0%) (43), Pakistan (13.5%), ( 44) and, higher than a metaanalysis conducted in LMICs (4.1%) (45). Our estimate for antenatal common mental disorders is also lower than previous estimates in other regions of Ethiopia and other countries (17,19,20,(44)(45)(46), This variation could be attributed to differences in the antenatal common mental disorder measurement scale, other methodological differences and cut-off points used, adequacy of the sample size, pregnancy trimester, and the socio-demographic and cultural characteristics of the pregnant women.…”

“…The point prevalence of antenatal common mental disorders in LMICs was reported to be 15.6 during pregnancy (16). Ethiopia is a low-income country with high rates of mental health problems in pregnant women, ranging from 10.2-37% in different regions (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). Findings have consistently shown that household food insecurity, low socioeconomic status, adverse events in life, poor social support, intimate partner violence, previous episodes of common mental disorders, unmarried status, and unplanned pregnancy increase the odds of prenatal mental disorders (23)(24)(25).…”