Prevalence of Clinical Manifestations and Comorbidities of Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection: A Meta-Analysis

Noor, Farjana Akther; Islam, Md. Momin

doi:10.26502/fjhs009

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…A systematic review and meta-analysis of 1576 patients with COVID-19 showed that hypertension (21.1%) and diabetes (9.7%) were the most prevalent comorbidities, followed by cardiovascular disease (8.4%) and respiratory disease (1.5%) [92]. This reflects international studies, which show that comorbidities associated with poor outcomes in COVID-19 include hypertension (20-30%), diabetes (10-20%), cardiovascular disease (8-12%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (1.5-7.5%), chronic kidney diseases (1-3%), cerebrovascular disease (1.5-3%), co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis B virus (1-2%), malignancy (1-3.5%), respiratory illnesses (1.4%), renal disorders (0.5-1.5%) and immunodeficiencies (0.01%) [93][94][95][96][97][98]. The most common comorbidity varied among the seven countries reviewed, as follows: China (hypertension 39.5%), South Korea (cardiovascular disease 25.6%), Italy (hypertension 35.9%), USA (hypertension 38.9%), Mexico, (other 42.3%), UK (hypertension 27.8%), Iran (diabetes 35.0%); diabetes was the second most common comorbidity in five of them [93].…”

Section: Covid-19 and Comorbiditiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19: The Immune Responses and Clinical Therapy Candidates

Zhand

Jazi

Mohammadi

et al. 2020

IJMS

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The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with rising numbers of patients worldwide, presents an urgent need for effective treatments. To date, there are no therapies or vaccines that are proven to be effective against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Several potential candidates or repurposed drugs are under investigation, including drugs that inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication and block infection. The most promising therapy to date is remdesivir, which is US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for emergency use in adults and children hospitalized with severe suspected or laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. Herein we summarize the general features of SARS-CoV-2’s molecular and immune pathogenesis and discuss available pharmacological strategies, based on our present understanding of SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infections. Finally, we outline clinical trials currently in progress to investigate the efficacy of potential therapies for COVID-19.

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Section: Covid-19 and Comorbiditiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19: The Immune Responses and Clinical Therapy Candidates

Zhand

Jazi

Mohammadi

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Patients with COVID-19 present primarily with various symptoms like fever, cough, dyspnea, myalgia, and fatigue [7,8]. Although most of the COVID-19 infected patients are thought to be recovered after few days, male patients, older patients (age greater than 60 years) and patients with various chronic diseases may have fetal outcomes [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Mortality Among COVID-19 Patients: A Meta-Analysis

2020

Self Cite

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Objectives The main aim of this study was to find the prevalence of mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 infected patients and associated risk factors for death. Methods Three electronic databases including PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar were searched to identify relevant cohort studies of COVID-19 disease from January 1, 2020, to August 11, 2020. A random-effects model was used to calculate pooled prevalence rate (PR), risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for both effect measures. Cochrane chi-square test statistic Q, I 2 , and 2 tests were used to measure the presence of heterogeneity. Publication bias and sensitivity of the included studies were also tested. Results In this meta-analysis, a total of 58 studies with 122,191 patients were analyzed. The pooled prevalence rate of mortality among the hospitalized COVID-19 patients was 18.88%, 95% CI (16.46-21.30), p < 0.001. Highest mortality was found in Europe [PR 26.85%, 95% CI (19.41-34.29), p < 0.001] followed by North America [PR 21.47%, 95% CI (16.27-26.68), p < 0.001] and Asia [PR 14.83%, 95% CI (12.46-17.21), p < 0.001]. An significant association were found between mortality among COVID-19 infected patients and older age (> 65 years vs. < 65 years) [RR 3.59, 95% CI (1.87-6.90), p < 0.001], gender (male vs. female) [RR 1.63, 95% CI (1.43-1.87), p < 0.001], ICU admitted patients [RR 3.72, 95% CI (2.70-5.13), p < 0.001], obesity [RR 2.18, 95% CI (1.10-4.34), p < 0.05], hypertension [RR 2.08,95% CI (1.79-2.43) p < 0.001], diabetes [RR 1.87, 95% CI (1.23-2.84), p < 0.001], cardiovascular disease [RR 2.51, 95% CI (1.20-5.26), p < 0.05], and cancer [RR 2.31, 95% CI (1.80-2.97), p < 0.001]. In addition, significant association for high risk of mortality were also found for cerebrovascular disease, COPD, coronary heart disease, chronic renal disease, chronic liver disease, chronic lung disease and chronic kidney disease. Conclusion This meta-analysis revealed that the mortality rate among COVID-19 patients was highest in the European region and older age, gender, ICU patients, patients with comorbidity had a high risk for case fatality. Those findings would help the health care providers to reduce the mortality rate and combat this pandemic to save lives using limited resources.

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“…Though previous complications of the patients were not the main subject of this study, some previous compilations like acute kidney illness, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, carcinoma, male gender, elderly age, persistent smoking, obesity, and so on might be present in the targeted population because of the presence of corresponding therapeutic agents of those complications, indicated from the study's outcomes. Additionally, this study covers only COVID‐19 ICU patients; one foreign and another Bangladeshi study mentioned that breathing problems and pneumonia are predictably too frequent symptoms of COVID‐19 patients in Bangladesh 7,27 . For this reason, possibly respiratory tract‐related drugs such as montelukast, salbutamol, salmeterol, and doxophylline were the most prescribed compared to other therapeutic agents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ismail et al reported that the sufferings level of the majority COVID‐19 infected patients was mild to moderate, while the maximum may recover with or without specialized treatment 5 . However, in the European region, geriatric population or concomitant diseases like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory diseases, and cancer increase the COVID‐19 complications that ultimately leads to intensive care unit (ICU) admission as well as life‐threatening consequences 5–7 . This catastrophic situation caused various clinical complications that required special care, including medical care, psychological care, respiratory support, life support, and renal replacement therapy, leading to admission to the ICU 7–9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 However, in the European region, geriatric population or concomitant diseases like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory diseases, and cancer increase the COVID-19 complications that ultimately leads to intensive care unit (ICU) admission as well as lifethreatening consequences. [5][6][7] This catastrophic situation caused various clinical complications that required special care, including medical care, psychological care, respiratory support, life support, and renal replacement therapy, leading to admission to the ICU. [7][8][9] A range of different classes of medications such as antimalarial (hydroxychloroquine), antiparasitic (ivermectin), antibiotic (azithromycin), antiretroviral (darunavir), immunosuppressant (tocilizumab), and interferon-beta have been considered as therapeutic agents to minimize the mortality rate caused by acute respiratory syndrome, mechanical ventilation and complications of SARS-Cov-2 virus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prescription patterns in an intensive care unit of COVID‐19 patients in Bangladesh: A cross‐sectional study

Rahman,

Islam,

Paul

et al. 2023

Health Science Reports

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Background and AimsTo reduce death rates for critical patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICUs), coronavirus (COVID‐19) lacks proven and efficient treatment methods. This cross‐sectional study aims to evaluate how physicians treat severe and suspected COVID‐19 patients in the ICU department in the absence of an established approach, as well as assess the rational use of the medication in the ICU department.MethodsBetween June 16, 2021, and December 10, 2022, a total of 428 prescriptions were randomly gathered, including both suspected (yellow zone) and confirmed (red zone) COVID‐19 patients. For data management, Microsoft Excel 2021 was utilized, while STATA 17 provided statistical analysis. To find associations between patients' admission status and demographic details, exploratory and bivariate analyses were conducted.ResultsOf the 428 patients admitted to the ICU, 228 (53.27%) were in the yellow zone and 200 (46.73%) were in the verified COVID‐19 red zone. The majority of patients were male (54.44%), and the age range from 41 to 60 was the most common (41.82%). No significant deviation was detected to the yellow and red groups' prescription patterns. A total of 4001 medicines (mean 9.35/patient) were prescribed. Antiulcerants, antibiotics, respiratory, analgesics, anticoagulants, vitamins and minerals, steroids, cardiovascular, antidiabetic drugs, antivirals, antihistamines, muscle relaxants, and antifungal treatments were widely prescribed drugs. Enoxaparin (67.06%) appeared as the most prescribed medicine, followed by montelukast (60.51%), paracetamol (58.41%), and dexamethasone (51.64%).ConclusionThe prescription patterns for the yellow and red groups were comparable and mostly included symptomatic treatment. Respiratory drugs constituted the most frequent therapeutic class. Polypharmacy should be taken under considerations. In ICU settings, the outcomes emphasize the need of correct diagnosis, cautious antibiotic usage, suitable therapy, and attentive monitoring.

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Prevalence of Clinical Manifestations and Comorbidities of Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection: A Meta-Analysis

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

COVID-19: The Immune Responses and Clinical Therapy Candidates

COVID-19: The Immune Responses and Clinical Therapy Candidates

Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Mortality Among COVID-19 Patients: A Meta-Analysis

Prescription patterns in an intensive care unit of COVID‐19 patients in Bangladesh: A cross‐sectional study

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