Prevalence of Clinical Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among HIV Infected Patients on Anti-Retroviral Treatment in a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia

Woldeyes, Esubalew; Fisseha, Henok; Mulatu, Hailu Abera; Ephrem, Abiy; Benti, Henok; Alem, Mehari Wale; Ahmed, Ahmed Ibrahim

doi:10.2147/hiv.s362459

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…The prevalence of MetS was assessed using the NCEP/ATPIII and IDF criteria. Accordingly, eight studies [ 16 – 21 , 23 ] used NCEP/ATPIII, six studies [ 14 , 16 – 18 , 20 , 22 ] used IDF, and four studies used both tools [ 15 – 18 , 20 ] (Table 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the total study subjects, female patients were 2,380 (63.5%). Regarding the study regions, four studies were conducted in SNNPR [14][15][16][17], two studies were in Oromia region [18,19], two studies were in Addis Ababa [20,21], one study was in Amhara region [22], and one study was in Harari region [23]. Cross-sectional study designs were used in all included studies and all of them were published articles.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Ethiopia, different primary studies have reported a prevalence of MetS among PLHIV ranging from 16.8 to 43.8% based on various criteria [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Despite the fact that a number of primary studies have been conducted to assess the prevalence of MetS, no systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMA) has been conducted to synthesize this evidence in order to better understand the disease's occurrence at the national level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic syndrome among people living with HIV in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Girma¹,

Dejene²,

Geleta³

et al. 2023

Diabetol Metab Syndr

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Background Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV) infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) can cause metabolic disorders such as lipodystrophy, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance, all of which are symptoms of metabolic syndrome (MetS). In Ethiopia, despite the existence of the primary studies, there was no pooled study conducted to summarize the country-level MetS among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Therefore, this study aims to estimate the pooled prevalence of MetS among PLHIV in Ethiopia. Methods A systematic search was conducted to retrieve studies on the prevalence of MetS among PLHIV in Ethiopia from PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Web of Sciences, HINARI, and other relevant sources. A random-effects model was used to estimate the MetS in this study. The overall variation between studies was checked by the heterogeneity test (I2). The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) quality appraisal criteria were used to assess the quality of the studies. The summary estimates were presented with forest plots and tables. Publication bias was checked with the funnel plot and Egger’s regression test. Results Overall, 366 articles were identified and evaluated using the PRISMA guidelines, with 10 studies meeting the inclusion criteria included in the final analysis. The pooled prevalence of MetS among PLHIV in Ethiopia was 21.7% (95% CI:19.36–24.04) using National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III) and 29.91% (95% CI: 21.54–38.28) using International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. The lowest and highest prevalence of MetS were 19.14% (95%CI: 15.63–22.64) and 25.6% (95%CI: 20.18–31.08) at Southern Nation and Nationality People Region (SNNPR) and Addis Ababa, respectively. There was no statistical evidence of publication bias in both NCEP-ATP III and IDF pooled estimates. Conclusion MetS was common among PLHIV in Ethiopia. Therefore, optimizing regular screening for MetS components and promoting a healthy lifestyle is suggested for PLHIV. Furthermore, more study is contributory to identify the barriers to implementing planned interventions and meeting recommended treatment goals. Trial registration: The review protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO): CRD42023403786.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic syndrome among people living with HIV in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Girma¹,

Dejene²,

Geleta³

et al. 2023

Diabetol Metab Syndr

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“…El VIH y las enfermedades cardiovasculares van en aumento afectando en gran medida a los pacientes con VIH, lo que indica que la morbilidad cardiovascular es significativa y de gran prevalencia a nivel mundial, en este tipo de pacientes. Woldeyes y col (Woldeyes et al, 2022a) señala que el riesgo de ECV fue alta en una población africana estudiada con 69,4% dislipidemia, 36,8% glucemia en ayunas anormal, 23,8% hipertensión, 22,8% síndrome metabólico y 11,1% obesidad. De manera similar Dominick y Col (Dominick et al, señalan que las ECV en pacientes con VIH aumento en gran medida en África estos 10 últimos años, donde ciertos trastornos cardíacos se manifiestan con mayor frecuencia entre las PVVIH con manifestaciones variables en términos de regiones geográficas, en otras regiones las PVVIH presentan hipertensión, arteriopatía coronaria (EAC), aterosclerosis y síndrome metabólico.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Enfermedades cardiovasculares y metabólicas en pacientes infectados por el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana: Epidemiología y diagnóstico.

Bartolome¹,

Indacochea²,

Cedeño³

et al. 2023

MQRInvestigar

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El virus de inmunodeficiencia humana fue nominado como la causa primaria del síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida, en el año de 1984 se presentó el primer caso en Ecuador. Con ello se desarrollaron diversas enfermedades asociadas a la misma, entre ellas la enfermedad cardiovascular y metabólica, teniendo su origen en una compleja red de interacciones de factores asociados al virus, el huésped y la terapia antirretroviral. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar evidencias científicas sobre la epidemiología global de las enfermedades cardiovasculares y metabólicas en pacientes infectados por el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana. Se realizó un estudio de diseño documental con revisión sistemática, de tipo descriptivo y exploratorio, bases de datos científicas PubMed, SciELO, Ecuador, Google Académico y Elsevier. Se utilizaron artículos publicados desde hace 5 años, también palabras clave y términos MeSH: “enfermedad cardiovascular”, “virus de inmunodeficiencia humana”, “Enfermedades metabólicas”, “síndromes metabólicos”, “dislipidemias”, “sistema inmunitario e infección por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana”. se aplicaron criterios de selección basados en la relevancia y centradas en la temática. Existen muchos factores de riesgo los cuales pueden ser causantes para el desarrollo de enfermedades cardiovasculares y metabólicos en pacientes infectados por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana, entre estos factores están el sobrepeso, hipertensión arterial, tabaquismo, colesterol de baja densidad elevado, colesterol de alta densidad bajo, entre otros, siendo un motivo especial de preocupación en los pacientes infectados por el virus, dada la mayor probabilidad de complicaciones debido al déficit que tienen en su sistema inmunitario.

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“…Eighty-three (83) non-obese (BMI=18.5─24.9 and Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) <0.9) 11 undergraduate medical students, from first year to final year of MBBS, who ranged in age 18 to 23 years were selected through simple random sampling. Depending on how much caffeine each subject consumed each day, the subjects were separated into three groups.…”

Section: N = 𝑵𝒁 𝟐 𝑷(𝟏 -𝑷) 𝒅 𝟐 (𝑵 − 𝟏)+ 𝒁 𝟐 𝑷(𝟏 -𝑷)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of caffeine consumption on sleep quality of undergraduate medical students of Multan

Nasir¹,

Ahmad

Aziz³

et al. 2023

J Fatima Jinnah Med Univ

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Background: Caffeine is extensively utilized as a stimulant of the central nervous system by more than 80% of the world’s population. About 94% of medical students are reported using caffeine which is likely to have a detrimental impact on sleep quality. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the relationship between caffeine consumption and sleep quality among non-obese. undergraduate medical students Subjects and methods: An Observational cross-sectional comparative study was carried out at Nishtar Medical University, Multan during the months of November and December 2022.Total 83, both male and female, non-obese undergraduate medical students (18-23 years old, BMI=18.5-24.9) selected by simple random sampling were included in this study, and they were divided into 3 groups on the basis of low (58 ± 29 mg/day), moderate (143±25 mg/day) or high (351±139 mg/day) caffeine consumption daily. Caffeine Consumption Questionnaire (CCQ) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale (PSQI) were used to assess the daily caffeine consumption (mg/day) and sleep quality, respectively. IBM SPSS-26 was used for data analysis. Mann-Whitney U test and Spearsman’s rho correlation were applied. Results: PSQI scores were high [11(8─16)] in highly caffeinated participants, moderate [7(5─9)] in moderately caffeinated participants, and low [3(1─6)] in low caffeinated [3(1─6)] participants (p=0.000). Low-caffeinated subjects had lower PSQI scores compared to moderately and highly caffeinated subjects (p=0.000 and p=0.000, respectively). PSQI scores in moderately caffeinated were also less as compared to highly caffeinated (p=0.000). Within the low caffeinated, moderately caffeinated, and highly caffeinated subjects caffeine consumption was positively correlated to PSQI scores (r=0.529, p=0.004), (r=0.579, p=0.002), (r=0.592, p=0.001) respectively. Conclusion: Increase in Caffeine consumption reduces sleep quality, implying that caffeine consumption and sleep quality are inversely related to each other.

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Prevalence of Clinical Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among HIV Infected Patients on Anti-Retroviral Treatment in a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia

Cited by 9 publications

References 48 publications

Metabolic syndrome among people living with HIV in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Metabolic syndrome among people living with HIV in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Enfermedades cardiovasculares y metabólicas en pacientes infectados por el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana: Epidemiología y diagnóstico.

Effect of caffeine consumption on sleep quality of undergraduate medical students of Multan

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