Prevalence of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Children in Haiti, 2017

Childs, Lana; Adrien, Paul; Minta, Anna A.; François, Jeannot; Charles, Nadia Phaïmyr Jn; Blot, Valery; Rey-Benito, Gloria; Eng, Jodi L. Vanden; Tohme, Rania A.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.19-0117

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Further details of age selection, sampling, and the sample size calculation, which were based on the estimated HBV infection prevalence, are reported elsewhere. 16 Data collection. A questionnaire was administered to caregivers, which included questions about household composition, caregiver's demographics and socioeconomic characteristics, child's demographics and education level, and child's vaccination status.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SAS statements and survey weight calculations used in this survey are described elsewhere. 16 The number of card-documented doses and dates of vaccination (if noted on card) with any diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis containing vaccine (DTP) and MR was noted. Diphtheriatetanus-pertussis containing vaccine was recorded as DTP1-4+ (DTP doses 1-4 or more), and MR coverage from routine or campaign cards was combined and recorded as MR1 and MR2+.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seroprevalence of Measles, Rubella, Tetanus, and Diphtheria Antibodies among Children in Haiti, 2017

Minta

Andre-Alboth

Childs

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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In Haiti, measles, rubella, and maternal and neonatal tetanus have been eliminated, but a diphtheria outbreak is ongoing as of 2019. We conducted a nationally representative, household-based, two-stage cluster survey among children aged 5-7 years in 2017 to assess progress toward maintenance of control and elimination of selected vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs). We stratified Haiti into West region (West department, including the capital city) and non-West region (all other departments). We obtained vaccination history and dried blood spots, and measured antibody concentrations to VPDs on a multiplex bead assay. Among 1,146 children, national seropositivity was 83% (95% CI: 80-86%) for tetanus, 83% (95% CI: 81-85%) for diphtheria, 87% (95% CI: 85-89%) for measles, and 84% (95% CI: 81-87%) for rubella. None of the children had long-term immunity to tetanus or diphtheria (IgG concentration ³ 1 international unit/mL). Seropositivity in the West region was lower than that in the non-West region. Vaccination coverage was 68% (95% CI: 61-74%) for ³ 3 doses of tetanus-and diphtheria-containing vaccine (DTP3), 84% (95% CI: 80-87%) for one dose of measles-rubella vaccine (MR1), and 20% (95% CI: 16-24%) for MR2. The seroprevalence of measles, rubella, and diphtheria antibodies is lower than population immunity levels needed to prevent disease transmission, particularly in the West region; reintroduction of these diseases could lead to an outbreak. To maintain VPD control and elimination, Haiti should achieve DTP3 and MR2 coverage ³ 95%, and include tetanus and diphtheria booster doses in the routine immunization schedule.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Measles, Rubella, Tetanus, and Diphtheria Antibodies among Children in Haiti, 2017

Minta

Andre-Alboth

Childs

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…The World Health Organisation-defined regions of Africa, the Western Pacific, Europe, the East Mediterranean, South East Asia, and the Americas have estimated CHB prevalence rates of 8.8, 5.3, 3.0, 2.1, 1.9, and 0.8% respectively [3]. There is marked variation in prevalence between and within countries of each region, with CHB disproportionately affecting people living in poor socioeconomic areas and vulnerable populations (e.g., people who are incarcerated and injecting drug users), likely due to inadequate access to health services and greater risk of exposure [4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lived Experience of Chronic Hepatitis B: A Broader View of Its Impacts and Why We Need a Cure

Block

Wang

et al. 2020

Viruses

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Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is one of the most widespread liver diseases in the world. It is currently incurable and can lead to liver cirrhosis and cancer. The considerable impacts on society caused by CHB through patient mortality, morbidity, and economic loss are well-recognised in the field. This is, however, a narrow view of the harms, given that people living with CHB can be asymptomatic for the majority of their life-long infection. Of less-appreciated importance are the psychosocial harms, which can continue throughout an affected person’s lifetime. Here we review the broad range of these impacts, which include fear and anxiety; financial loss and instability; stigma and discrimination; and rejection by society. Importantly, these directly affect patient diagnosis, management, and treatment. Further, we highlight the roles that the research community can play in taking these factors into account and mitigating them. In particular, the development of a cure for hepatitis B virus infection would alleviate many of the psychosocial impacts of CHB. We conclude that there should be a greater recognition of the full impacts associated with CHB to bring meaningful, effective, and deliverable results to the global community living with hepatitis B.

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“…1c, e), suggesting that infection is an ongoing process during life, not just vertical transmission at birth or horizontal transmission at childhood. Alternatively, this may reflect the success of current vaccination programs in Haiti, as hepatitis B prevalence in children has recently reported being low (0.5%) 32 . These data underscore the need to address the issue of HBV transmission with public policy plans, such as voluntary screening programs, HBsAg detection during pregnancy, and vaccination for groups at risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious and non-infectious diseases burden among Haitian immigrants in Chile: a cross-sectional study

Fuster

Peirano

Vargas

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Chile has become a popular destination for migrants from South America and the Caribbean (low- and middle-income countries migration). Close to 200.000 Haitian migrants have arrived in Chile. Infectious and non-infectious disease burden among the Haitian adult population living in Chile is unknown. This study aimed to acquire the basic health information (selected transmissible and non-transmissible conditions) of the Haitian adult population living in Chile. A cross-sectional survey was performed, inviting Haitian-born residents in Chile older than 18 years old. Common conditions and risk factors for disease were assessed, as well as selected transmissible conditions (HIV, HBV, and HCV). 498 participants (60.4% female) from 10 communities in two regions of Chile were surveyed. Most subjects had never smoked (91.5%), and 80% drank less than one alcohol unit per month. The mean BMI was 25.6, with 45% of participants having a normal BMI (20–25). Hypertension was present in 31.5% (33% in the 25–44 age group). Prevalence of HIV was 2.4% (95 CI 1.3–4.2%), hepatitis B (HBsAg positive) was 3.4% (95 CI 2.1–5.5%), and hepatitis C was 0% (95 CI 0.0–0.9%). Quality of life showed a significant prevalence of depression and anxiety markers, particularly in those arriving in Chile less than 1 year ago. Low prevalence of obesity, diabetes, smoking, and drinking and estimated cardiovascular risk were found. Nonetheless, hypertension at a younger age, disproportionately higher prevalence of HIV and HBV infection and frequent markers of anxiety and depression were also found. Public policies for detecting and treating hypertension, HIV, and HBV screening, offering HBV vaccination, and organizing mental health programs for Haitian immigrants, are urgently needed.

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Prevalence of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Children in Haiti, 2017

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Seroprevalence of Measles, Rubella, Tetanus, and Diphtheria Antibodies among Children in Haiti, 2017

Seroprevalence of Measles, Rubella, Tetanus, and Diphtheria Antibodies among Children in Haiti, 2017

The Lived Experience of Chronic Hepatitis B: A Broader View of Its Impacts and Why We Need a Cure

Infectious and non-infectious diseases burden among Haitian immigrants in Chile: a cross-sectional study

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