Prevalence of chronic ear disease among HIV+ children in Sub-Saharan Africa

Ianacone, David C.; Smith, Alden; Casselbrant, Margaretha L.; Ensink, R.J.H.; Buchinsky, Farrel J.; Melaku, Abebe; Isaacson, Glenn

doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.10.024

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…(19,20) A study in Ethiopia showed that tympanic membrane perforations and otorrhea were more common in HIV+ children on ART than in HIV− age matched children. (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hospitalization in South African Adolescents With Perinatally Acquired HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy

Frigati

Brown

Cotton

et al. 2020

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Background-Little is known about hospitalization in African adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV+ adolescents). We described the incidence and causes of hospitalization in participants enrolled in the Cape Town Adolescent Antiretroviral Cohort in South Africa.Methods: Data collected from July 2013 through October 2018 from PHIV+ and HIV− adolescents were analyzed. Participants were assessed every six months and data on intercurrent hospitalization were abstracted. Causes of hospitalizations were classified according to ICD-10 codes. Descriptive statistics, time-to-event analysis and Poisson regression were used to describe causes and incidence and to determine incidence rate ratios for factors associated with hospitalization.Results: 515 PHIV+ and 109 HIV− participants had a median follow up of 4.1 years (IQR: 3.7-4.6). At enrollment HIV+ participants had a median duration of ART of 7.6 years (IQR:4.6-9.2), median CD4 count of 713 cells/mm 3 (IQR: 561.0-957.5) and 387 (75%) had a viral load <50 copies/ml. There were 149 hospital admissions over 64-months. Crude incidence rates for hospitalization were 6.6 (95%CI: 5.7-7.8) and 2.2 (95%CI:1.2-4.3) per 100-person years (p=<0.01) in HIV + and HIV− respectively.Ninety of 149 (60%) admissions in HIV+ participants were classified as non-infectious, 36/149 (24%) were infectious, and 23/149 (16%) were 'other HIV-related' or 'unknown'. Older age (15-19 years) and maintaining a CD4>500 cells/cm 3 were associated with decreased risk of hospitalization: adjusted incidence rate ratios of 0.61 (CI: 0.44-0.86, p=<0.01) and 0.68 (CI: 0.49-0.94, p=0.02), respectively.

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“…(19,20) A study in Ethiopia showed that tympanic membrane perforations and otorrhea were more common in HIV+ children on ART than in HIV− age matched children. (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hospitalization in South African Adolescents With Perinatally Acquired HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy

Frigati

Brown

Cotton

et al. 2020

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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“…Because of limitations in laboratory testing in Ethiopia, the designation HIVU has been commonly used in reporting for patients suspected to be HIV–. 1,2 Here too, although it is not certain, most likely the HIVU patients were HIV negative: Their histories were not suggestive of infection. The President’s Emergency Plan for Aids Relief program (PEPFAR) 10 in Ethiopia has made HIV medications available and reduced the stigma self-reporting HIV positivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to people whose HIV status is unknown but clinically negative, more HIV+ patients have tympanic membrane perforations, draining ears, and hearing loss. 1,2 HIV positivity has been associated with more aural fullness, tinnitus, dizziness, and otalgia in the United States as well. 3 Previous reports of otologic operations on HIV+ patients have been mixed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Positivity per se Does Not Affect Tympanoplasty Outcomes

Bedri

Bitew

Redleaf

2018

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol

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“…In addition, there are other comorbidities that are common among CWHIV such as visual and hearing impairment and dental disease even in the ART era. [79][80][81][82] Skin disease is severe and atypical, responds less well to treatment, and relapse more frequently compared with HIVuninfected children. Although incidence has declined in the ART era, HIV-related skin conditions remain one of the most common management problems faced by health care workers caring for CWHIV.…”

Section: Other Comorbiditiesmentioning

confidence: 99%