Prevalence of chronic disease and health practices in a retirement community

Journal of Women's Health

Atchison²,

Gornbein³

et al. 2005

Self Cite

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Menstrual and Reproductive Factors and Fracture Risk: The Leisure World Cohort Study

Journal of Women's Health

Atchison²,

Gornbein³

et al. 2005

Self Cite

“…Forty-two cohort members were lost to follow-up. Previous reports present details of data collection [Paganini-Hill 1986,1991,1993b,2001]. …”

Section: Determination Of Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

Non-alcoholic beverage and caffeine consumption and mortality: The Leisure World Cohort Study

Kawas

Corrada

2007

Preventive Medicine

Self Cite

Objective-To examine the effects of non-alcoholic beverage and caffeine consumption on allcause mortality in older adults. Methods-The Leisure World Cohort Study is a prospective study of residents of a California retirement community. A baseline postal health survey included details on coffee, tea, milk, soft drink, and chocolate consumption. Participants were followed for 23 years . Risk ratios (RRs) of death were calculated using Cox regression for 8644 women and 4980 men (median age at entry, 74 years) and adjusted for age, gender and multiple potential confounders.Results-Caffeine consumption exhibited a U-shaped mortality curve. Moderate caffeine consumers had a significantly reduced risk of death (multivariable-adjusted RR=0.94, 95% CI: 0.90, 0.99 for 100-199 mg/day and RR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.85, 0.94 for 200-399 mg/day compared with those consuming <50 mg/day). Individuals who drank more than 1 can/week of artificially sweetened (but not sugar-sweetened) soft drink (cola and other) had a 8% increased risk (95% CI: 1.01-1.16). Neither milk nor tea had a significant effect on mortality after multivariable adjustment.Conclusions-Moderate caffeine consumption appeared beneficial in risking risk of death. Attenuation in the observed associations between mortality and intake of tea and milk with adjustment for potential confounders suggests that such consumption identifies those with other mortalityassociated lifestyle and health risks. The increased death risk with consumption of artificially sweetened, but not sugar-sweetened, soft drinks suggests an effect of the sweetener rather than other components of the soft drinks, although residual confounding remains a possibility.

“…11 All participants com-pleted a detailed questionnaire including information on medical history and symptoms of neurologic and cardiovascular disease. No subject had a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack or symptoms of pulmonary disease.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of middle cerebral artery blood velocity in the elderly.

Ameriso

Meiselman

et al. 1990

Stroke

We analyzed the association between hematologic factors and blood velocity of the middle cerebral artery in 42 healthy ambulatory subjects aged 63-86 years. We found a significant inverse association between mean velocity and both hematocrit (r=-037, p<0.02) and fibrinogen concentration (r=-0.42,/?< 0.005). These two variables are independently associated with velocity and together explain 29% of the variance in mean velocity. 89 and an inverse relation between MCA velocity and hematocrit. 10 We evaluated an ambulatory elderly population without hematologic disease or cerebrovascular symptoms, using transcranial Doppler ultrasound of the MCA. We also measured selected hematologic and rheologic variables to determine correlates of MCA velocity in this population. Subjects and MethodsWe studied 42 ambulatory volunteers (35 men and seven women) free of acute illness and chosen from a retirement community in which we are conducting a prospective cohort study.11 All participants com- Received January 24, 1990; accepted July 12, 1990. pleted a detailed questionnaire including information on medical history and symptoms of neurologic and cardiovascular disease. No subject had a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack or symptoms of pulmonary disease. We measured MCA blood velocity using a 2-MHz pulsed-wave, range-gated Doppler device (Model Transpect TCD, MedaSonics, Mountain View, Calif.). This device provides real-time calculation and display with rapid postprocessing quantification upon a freeze operation; spectral information is displayed as velocity (centimeters per second), with determination of peak systolic velocity (i.e., velocity of the fastest erythrocytes during systole), mean velocity (i.e., average velocity of the fastest erythrocytes during the cardiac cycle), and the systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratio. We examined the subjects while lying down with the eyes closed and breathing normally, with the head elevated no more than 45°. All studies were done by one examiner. Doppler signals were obtained from both MCAs by placing the probe over the temporal window. The MCA segment with the maximal reflected signal at a depth of 35-55 mm was recorded on each side. Sweep time was 2 seconds and, depending on the heart rate, two or three cardiac cycles were evaluated on each side. The MCA signal was recognized as flow toward the probe with maximal intensity at this depth; increasing the depth of focus showed a new signal with flow away from the probe, indicating the anterior cerebral artery. For the purposes of this study, we averaged the velocities from the bilateral measurements.Two-milliliter blood samples anticoagulated with 1.5 mg/ml ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) by guest on May 11, 2018 http://stroke.ahajournals.org/ Downloaded from