Prevalence of chlamydiae in semen and genital tracts of bulls, rams and bucks

Teankum, Komkrich; Pospischil, Andreas; Janett, F.; Brugnera, Enrico; Hoelzle, Ludwig E.; Hoelzle, Katharina; Weilenmann, R.; Zimmermann, Dieter R.; Gerber, Andrea; Polkinghorne, Adam; Borel, Nicole

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.07.012

Cited by 51 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…These findings are consistent with a previous study, where no agreement was found between positive PCR results for Chlamydia in the male genital tract and semen of small ruminants, and positive serology results for C. abortus (Teankum et al, 2007). In contrast, the aforementioned study by Polkinghorne et al (2009) found good correlation between the presence of C. abortus DNA in conjunctival swabs of sheep and seropositivity.…”

Section: Salmonella Enterica Serovar Abortusovis Chlamydophila Abortsupporting

confidence: 91%

Alpine ibex (Capra i. ibex) is not a reservoir for chlamydial infections of domestic ruminants and humans

et al. 2010

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Chlamydophila (C.) abortus is the most common infectious abortigenic agent in small domestic ruminants in Switzerland. In contrast, the knowledge about chlamydiae in wild ruminants is scarce. As interactions between livestock and Alpine ibex (Capra i. ibex) occur on alpine pastures, the question raises if wild ruminants could play a role as carriers of chlamydiae. Thus, we investigated the prevalence of chlamydiae in Alpine ibex in Switzerland. In total, 624 sera, 676 eye swabs, 84 organ samples and 51 faecal samples from 664 ibex were investigated. Serum samples were tested by two commercial ELISA kits specific for C. abortus. Eye swabs, organs and faecal samples were examined by a Chlamydiaceae-specific real-time PCR. Positive cases were further investigated by the ArrayTube (AT) microarray method for chlamydial species determination. Of 624 serum samples investigated, 612 animals were negative, whereas nine sera (1.5%) reacted positively in one of the two tests and three sera showed an inconclusive result. Eye swabs of seven out of 412 ibex (1.7%) were tested positive for Chlamydiaceae by real-time PCR. By AT microarray, Chlamydophila pecorum was identified in two animals, Chlamydophila pneumoniae was detected in one animal and a mixed infection with Chlamydophila abortus and Chlamydophila pecorum was found in four animals. Organs and faecal samples were all negative by real-time PCR analysis. In summary, we conclude that C. abortus is not a common infectious agent in the Swiss ibex population. To our knowledge, this is the first description of C. pneumoniae in ibex. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the situation in other species of wild ruminants as chamois (Rupicapra r. rupicapra), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus c. capreolus) in Switzerland. (C.) abortus is the most common infectious abortigenic agent in small domestic ruminants in Switzerland. In contrast, the knowledge about chlamydiae in wild ruminants is scarce. As interactions between livestock and Alpine ibex (Capra i. ibex) occur on alpine pastures, the question raises if wild ruminants could play a role as carriers of chlamydiae. Thus, we investigated the prevalence of chlamydiae in Alpine ibex in Switzerland. In total, 624 sera, 676 eye swabs, 84 organ samples and 51 faecal samples from 664 ibex were investigated. Serum samples were tested by two commercial ELISA kits specific for C. abortus. Eye swabs, organs and faecal samples were examined by a Chlamydiaceae-specific real-time PCR. Positive cases were further investigated by the ArrayTube (AT) microarray method for chlamydial species determination. Of 624 serum samples investigated, 612 animals were negative, whereas nine sera (1.5%) reacted positively in one of the two tests and three sera showed an inconclusive result. Eye swabs of seven out of 412 ibex (1.7%) were tested positive for Chlamydiaceae by real-time PCR. By AT microarray, Chlamydophila pecorum was identified in two animals, Chlamydophila pneumoniae was detected in one animal and a mixed infec...

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Section: Salmonella Enterica Serovar Abortusovis Chlamydophila Abortsupporting

confidence: 91%

Alpine ibex (Capra i. ibex) is not a reservoir for chlamydial infections of domestic ruminants and humans

et al. 2010

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“…The finding of antibody to C. suis is consistent with molecular studies in domestic ruminants. Teankum et al (2007) detected DNA of chlamydiae sharing 98% identity to the 16S rRNA sequence of C. suis in semen of two bulls. Pantchev et al (2010) identified C. suis in cattle (n59) by species-specific real-time PCR assays and suggested an extended host range of individual Chlamydia species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Chlamydiosis: Seroepidemiologic Survey in a Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) Population in Italy

Francesco

Donati

Nicoloso

et al. 2012

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:Chlamydiae are obligate, intracellular, gram-negative bacteria that are responsible for important diseases in humans, other mammals, and birds. Studies have shown that chlamydiae could be present in wild ruminants, but the serodiagnostic method most commonly used did not allow identification of chlamydial species. We determined the prevalence of antibodies to Chlamydia pecorum, Chlamydia suis, Chlamydia abortus, and Chlamydia psittaci in 271 red deer (Cervus elaphus) of a central Italian population, by using the microimmunofluorescence test that shows antibody response against genus-specific and species-specific antigens. No sera had detectable antibodies to C. pecorum and C. abortus. Antibodies were detected against C. psittaci (9.6%) and C. suis (3.3%). Antibody response could be related to contact of the red deer with birds and wild boars (Sus scrofa), respectively, and confirm an extended host range of individual Chlamydia species. In view of the potential zoonotic risk related to exposition of C. psittaci, our findings suggest surveillance of wild ruminants as potential reservoirs for chlamydiae.

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“…However, this immunity is not sterile and some animals may shed organisms during the following periovulation period and at subsequent lambing [54,55], although more recent molecular evidence suggests that this risk is minimal [56,57]. Venereal transmission by males is not thought to play an important role in the spread of infection [51,58], although direct intravaginal infection of ewes has been demonstrated suggesting that it is possible [59], while infection of rams or semen failed to establish infection in ewes or result in abortion [60,61].Vertical transmission of infection from ewe to lamb can occur, although it is currently unknown whether this plays any role in the epidemiology of this disease as there is little or no conclusive experimental evidence to support this one way or the other. Thus, horizontal transmission remains the greatest risk for other naive animals.…”

Section: Animal Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Chlamydia abortus: New Aspects of Infectious Abortion in Sheep and Potential Risk for Pregnant Women

Essig

Longbottom

2015

Curr Clin Micro Rpt

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Chlamydia abortus (the former Chlamydia psittaci serotype 1) is an obligate intracellular organism and the world's leading cause of ovine enzootic abortion. Sequence analysis of the genome of C. abortus revealed highly variable protein families, including TMH (TransMembrane Head)/Inc and Pmps (Polymorphic Membrane Proteins). Genetic and ultramorphological hints suggest that C.abortus employs a type 3 secretion system to deliver effector proteins into the host cell. In non-pregnant ewes, relatively low doses of infectious organisms can induce chlamydial latency. Once the ewe becomes pregnant, infection recrudesces and initiates placental infection and resultant abortion. Infectious elementary bodies are shed in the environment and inhaled by people exposed to the animals. Pregnant women may develop life-threatening C.abortus infections, resulting in septic abortion and stillbirth. Physicians and veterinarians should alert pregnant women to avoid exposure to both sheep and goats, particularly during the lambing or kidding period.

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Prevalence of chlamydiae in semen and genital tracts of bulls, rams and bucks

Cited by 51 publications

References 22 publications

Alpine ibex (Capra i. ibex) is not a reservoir for chlamydial infections of domestic ruminants and humans

Alpine ibex (Capra i. ibex) is not a reservoir for chlamydial infections of domestic ruminants and humans

Chlamydiosis: Seroepidemiologic Survey in a Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) Population in Italy

Chlamydia abortus: New Aspects of Infectious Abortion in Sheep and Potential Risk for Pregnant Women

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