Prevalence of Childhood Sexual Abuse Among Women Using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire: A Worldwide Meta-Analysis

Pan, Yuli; Lin, Xiujin; Li, Jianbo; Zhang, Shengjie; Zeng, Xuan; Chen, Fenglan; Wu, Junduan

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3373847

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…In general, noncontact experiences are the most common, with rates around 30% for females and 15% in males, whereas the prevalence for contact experiences is approximately 15% in females and 6% in males (Barth et al, 2013; Mohler-Kuo et al, 2014). Studies that analyzed clinical or exclusively female samples report a higher prevalence than do those involving general samples (Ferragut et al, 2021; Pan et al, 2020; Pereda et al, 2009), and rates are also considerably higher when data are obtained through anonymous self-report measures rather than face-to-face interviews (Collin-Vézina et al, 2013; Ferragut et al, 2021; Pan et al, 2020; Pereda et al, 2009; Stoltenborgh et al, 2011). Notwithstanding these differences, research has systematically found a higher CSA prevalence in females than males (Chiu et al, 2013; Collin-Vézina et al, 2013; Conklin, 2000; Guziak, 2020; Martin & Silverstone, 2013; Miller et al, 2007; Putnam, 2003; Singh et al, 2014; Stoltenborgh et al, 2011; Townsend & Rheingold, 2013; WHO, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Child Sexual Abuse in Spain: A Representative Sample Study

Ferragut

Ortiz-Tallo

Blanca

2021

J Interpers Violence

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The prevalence of child sexual abuse (CSA) is difficult to assess, and rates vary widely across studies due to methodological and sample differences. In Spain, prevalence data from representative samples are lacking. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of different CSA experiences in a sample that was representative of the Spanish population in terms of gender, age, and region. The sample comprised 1,071 (539 male and 532 female) Spanish adults ( Mage = 45.37; SD = 14.84). Participants completed an anonymous online survey about different types of CSA and were asked whether they had disclosed the experience at the time. Prevalence was analyzed as a function of gender and generation. Results indicated prevalence rates ranging from 2.8% to 18.5%, depending on the type of experience. The most common experience suffered during childhood was being shown pornographic material, while that with the lowest prevalence was being forced to perform a sexual act involving penetration. Prevalence was higher in females than males for eight of the ten experiences considered. Young adults from Generation Z were the most likely to report having suffered three of the CSA experiences, two of them related to technology. Only 27.5% of respondents said that they had told someone about the abuse at the time, mainly their mother (more common among females) or a friend/peer (more frequent among males). The results suggest that CSA is prevalent in Spain, with considerable rates for several types of abusive experience, especially among females and the youngest generation. The implications of the results are discussed. The findings may inform social policy and the development of effective prevention programs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Child Sexual Abuse in Spain: A Representative Sample Study

Ferragut

Ortiz-Tallo

Blanca

2021

J Interpers Violence

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“…There is ample evidence that sexual abuse is widespread among women. A meta-analysis of prevalence studies found that 24% of adult women globally report exposure to sexual abuse in childhood 2. A now substantial body of epidemiological evidence confirms a robust association between exposure to sexual abuse and the occurrence of a wide range of common mental disorders and adverse psychosocial outcomes among women victims, particularly related to depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and suicidal behaviour, occurring both in the short and longer term 3–10.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Believe #metoo: sexual violence and interpersonal disclosure experiences among women attending a sexual assault service in Australia: a mixed-methods study

et al. 2019

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ObjectivesSexual abuse is a strong predictor of future psychiatric problems. A more nuanced qualitative understanding of mental health outcomes, in the context of interpersonal responses from family members towards survivors after sexual abuse, may help to better inform prevention and interventions.DesignA mixed-methods approach included a qualitative timeline method to map and identify contextual factors and mediating emotional responses associated with mental disorder following sexual abuse.SettingParticipants were adult survivors of sexual abuse, seeking support from the Sexual Assault Counselling Service, Sydney Local Health District, Australia.ParticipantsThirty women 18 years and older with current or past mental disorder or symptoms were interviewed between August 2015 and May 2016.Outcome measuresA qualitative timeline interview and the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI, 5.5.0) were applied.ResultsThe MINI prevalence of current post-traumatic stress disorder was 96.6% (n=28) and of major depressive disorder was 82.8% (n=24). More than half (53%) reported suicidal ideation at some time in their lives. Women exposed to childhood sexual abuse reported being ignored, not believed, or threatened with retribution on disclosing the abuse to others, usually adult family members, at or close to the time of the violation(s). Participants described experiences of self-blame, betrayal, and psychosocial vulnerability as being the responses that connected negative disclosure experiences with mental disorder. Participant accounts suggest that these reactions created the foundations for both immediate and long-term adverse psychological outcomes.ConclusionA more in-depth understanding of the type and emotional impact of negative responses to disclosure by parents and other family members, and the barriers to adequate support, validation and trust, may inform strategies to avert much of the longer-term emotional difficulties and risks that survivors encounter following childhood abuse experiences. These issues should receive closer attention in research, policy, and practice.

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“…The context of Asian countries, including India, is intricate because cultural values silence and even threaten the disclosure of CSA, which leads to underreporting and unreliable prevalence data. 13, 14 The individual, family, community, and societal factors that serve as the determinants of CSA have been found to be interspersed with patriarchal societal norms and gender-based power differentials prevalent in India. 15 Madu, 16 in a study of 722 undergraduate students found that under one-third of the respondents reported experiences of sexual abuse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Resilience Among Survivors of Child Sexual Abuse in Institutional Care in Kerala, India

Thomas

George

Sarma

et al. 2022

Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental H

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Background: Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a trauma that creates havoc in the personal and social lives of CSA survivors. The survivors in Kerala, India, struggle amidst the cultural background that silences CSA. Rehabilitation efforts in the state are channelized through government-run shelter homes that serve as the second home for CSA survivors. Aim: This study aims to examine the role of emotional health and sociodemographic factors in predicting resilience among CSA survivors under institutional care in Kerala. Method: We used a correlational research design with purposive sampling. From shelter homes in Kerala, 267 female participants (age range: 10-18 years, mean age: 16 years) were recruited. A personal data sheet and an emotional health questionnaire (EHQ) were used to collect data. Spearman rank correlation coefficient, linear regression, Kruskal–Wallis H test, Mann–Whitney U test, and Dunn’s post hoc test were used to analyze data. Results: Positive relationships among the emotional health variables namely aggression, anxiety, and depression were found, whereas a negative relationship existed between these variables and resilience. Further analyses found that the emotional health variables significantly predicted the resilience among survivors of CSA. In addition, there exists significant differences in resilience based on sociodemographic variables, such as age, duration of stay, and friendships, but resilience did not vary based on the religion and birthplace of survivors. Conclusion: Results suggest that participants experience moderate levels of emotional distress. Provision for integrated psychological support is recommended in the present rehabilitation process in Kerala. The mentoring relationships developed in the institutions are found to be instrumental in building confidence and hope in the participants, which is reflected in the trends in their resilience scores.

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Prevalence of Childhood Sexual Abuse Among Women Using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire: A Worldwide Meta-Analysis

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence of Child Sexual Abuse in Spain: A Representative Sample Study

Prevalence of Child Sexual Abuse in Spain: A Representative Sample Study

Believe #metoo: sexual violence and interpersonal disclosure experiences among women attending a sexual assault service in Australia: a mixed-methods study

Predictors of Resilience Among Survivors of Child Sexual Abuse in Institutional Care in Kerala, India

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