Prevalence of Chagas Disease in the Latin American–born Population of Los Angeles

Meymandi, Sheba; Forsyth, C.; Soverow, Jonathan; Hernández, Salvador; Sanchez, Daniel R.; Montgomery, Susan P.; Traina, Mahmoud

doi:10.1093/cid/cix064

Cited by 80 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…What was also of interest was that both reported cases were from Honduras, with no other cases reported in Latin America. This was not consistent with the data reported by Meymandi et al [5]. While we do not demonstrate a need for a heightened surveillance system for PLWHA, we believe we have provided evidence for more systematic surveillance systems in migrants living in the US.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…There were clinical findings, found in both patients (found on EKG). This was slightly lower than Meymandi et al [5] findings described above (1.24%) [3] Of the 2 cases, there was one cis male and female. Both of the CDpositive cases migrated from Honduras, with a specific prevalence of 28.6% (p=0.257).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…What was not clear until recently was a description of the burden of disease among American migrants from nations without well-established prevalence ratios. However, Meymandi et al published a recent analysis of foreign-born Latin Americans currently living in Los Angeles (LA) county (LAC), CA, and reported a 1.24% general prevalence [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detecting the Prevalence of Chagas Disease among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Los Angeles County, California

Evans¹,

Than²,

Colemon³

et al. 2018

J Trop Dis

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Background: Chagas disease (CD) is a well-known tropical parasitic disease with a historical footprint in Latin America. Special populations, including people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), may be at a higher risk of CD and its progression to adverse outcomes. The objective of this study is to measure the prevalence of CD among Latin American foreign-born PLWHA residing in Los Angeles (LA) County (LAC), CA. Methods:Retrospective data analysis of Latin American foreign-born PLWHA aged 18 years and older seeking primary care services at AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF) Healthcare Centers between 05/01/2017 and 03/31/2018. Descriptive analyses were performed using frequency distributions and nonparametric Chi-square tests to examine the prevalence of CD.Results: Two clients out of a sub-population of 179 were identified as CD-positive (p<0.01): one male and one female, both originating from Honduras. The prevalence documented at AHF Healthcare Centers (1.11%) is slightly lower than the 1.24% prevalence reported previously in LAC (1.24%). Conclusion:While this is a relatively small sample size, the statistically significant results suggest developing CD testing and treatment guidelines among Latin American foreign-born PLHWA-a prominent subpopulation in LAC.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 51%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Detecting the Prevalence of Chagas Disease among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Los Angeles County, California

Evans¹,

Than²,

Colemon³

et al. 2018

J Trop Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In Brazil, there are approximately 2–3 million patients with chronic CD and more than 6,000 annual deaths, and CD‐related spending accounts for $129 million of the public budget . Additionally, current reports demonstrate that the annual global CD‐related healthcare costs are approximately $627 million, of which $118 million is spent in the United States …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New 1,2,3‐triazole‐based analogues of benznidazole for use against Trypanosoma cruzi infection: In vitro and in vivo evaluations

et al. 2018

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Chagas disease has spread throughout the world mainly because of the migration of infected individuals. In Brazil, only benznidazole (Bnz) is used; however, it is toxic and not active in the chronic phase, and cases of resistance are described. This work aimed at the synthesis and the trypanocidal evaluation in vitro and in vivo of six new Bnz analogues (3-8). They were designed by exploring the bioisosteric substitution between the amide group contained in Bnz and the 1,2,3-triazole ring. All the compounds were synthesized in good yields. With the exception of compound 7, the in vitro biological evaluation shows that all Bnz analogues were active against the amastigote form, whereas only compounds 3, 4, 5, and 8 were active against trypomastigote. Compounds 4 and 5 showed the most promising activities in vitro against the form of trypomastigote, being more active than Bnz. In vivo evaluation of compounds, 3-8 showed lower potency and higher toxicity than Bnz. Although the 1,2,3-triazole ring has been described in the literature as an amide bioisostere, its substitution here has reduced the activity of the compounds and made them more toxic. Thus, further molecular optimization could provide novel therapeutic agents for Chagas' disease.

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“…We applied serum epitope repertoire analysis (SERA) to discover shared, but highly specific immunogenic epitope motifs associated with Chagas disease caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, and thereby develop a serological assay. Chagas disease is estimated to impact more than 300,000 people in the United States and 8 million in Central and South America 16 . Confirmatory testing currently requires the use of three serology tests -two parallel, independent tests, and a third "tie-breaker" test to achieve a specificity of >99%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody epitope repertoire analysis enables rapid antigen discovery and multiplex serology

Kamath

Reifert

Johnston

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The detection of pathogen-specific antibodies remains a cornerstone of clinical diagnostics. Yet, many test exhibit undesirable performance or are completely lacking. Given this, we developed serum epitope repertoire analysis (SERA), a method to rapidly discover conserved, pathogen-specific antigens and their epitopes, and applied it to develop an assay for Chagas disease caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Antibody binding peptide motifs were identified from 28 Chagas repertoires using a bacterial display random 12-mer peptide library and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Thirty-three motifs were selected and mapped to candidate Chagas antigens. In a blinded validation set (n = 72), 30/30 Chagas were positive, 30/30 non-Chagas were negative, and 1/12 Leishmania sp. was positive. After unblinding, a Leishmania cross-reactive epitope was identified and removed from the panel. The Chagas assay exhibited 100% sensitivity (30/30) and specificity (90/90) in a second blinded validation set including individuals with other parasitic infections. Amongst additional epitope repertoires with unknown Chagas serostatus, assay specificity was 99.8% (998/1000). Thus, the Chagas assay achieved a combined sensitivity and specificity equivalent or superior to diagnostic algorithms that rely on three separate tests to achieve high specificity. NGS-based serology via SERA provides an effective approach to discover antigenic epitopes and develop high performance multiplex serological assays.

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Prevalence of Chagas Disease in the Latin American–born Population of Los Angeles

Cited by 80 publications

References 28 publications

Detecting the Prevalence of Chagas Disease among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Los Angeles County, California

Detecting the Prevalence of Chagas Disease among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Los Angeles County, California

New 1,2,3‐triazole‐based analogues of benznidazole for use against Trypanosoma cruzi infection: In vitro and in vivo evaluations

Antibody epitope repertoire analysis enables rapid antigen discovery and multiplex serology

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