Prevalence of carbapenemase-encoding genes including New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase in Acinetobacter species, Algeria

Mesli, Esma; Berrazeg, Meryem; Drissi, Mourad; Bekkhoucha, S; Rolain, Jean‐Marc

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2013.02.024

Cited by 67 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Resistance to carbapenem was confirmed by determining the MICs of imipenem, meropenem, and doripenem with Etest strips (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Étoile, France). All identified A. baumannii isolates were investigated by PCR assays for the presence of the carbapenemase-encoding genes bla (43), bla (43), bla OXA-58 (43), and bla (44) and the insertion sequence ISAba1 (45).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extrahuman Epidemiology of Acinetobacter baumannii in Lebanon

Rafei

Hamzé

Pailhoriès

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

111

101

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The presence of Acinetobacter baumannii outside hospitals is still a controversial issue. The objective of our study was to explore the extrahospital epidemiology of A. baumannii in Lebanon. From February 2012 to October 2013, a total of 73 water samples, 51 soil samples, 37 raw cow milk samples, 50 cow meat samples, 7 raw cheese samples, and 379 animal samples were analyzed by cultural methods for the presence of A. baumannii. Species identification was performed by rpoB gene sequencing. Antibiotic susceptibility was investigated, and the A. baumannii population was studied by two genotyping approaches: multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and bla OXA-51 sequence-based typing (SBT). A. baumannii was detected in 6.9% of water samples, 2.7% of milk samples, 8.0% of meat samples, 14.3% of cheese samples, and 7.7% of animal samples. All isolates showed a susceptible phenotype against most of the antibiotics tested and lacked carbapenemase-encoding genes, except one that harbored a bla OXA-143 gene. MLST analysis revealed the presence of 36 sequence types (STs), among which 24 were novel STs reported for the first time in this study. bla OXA-51 SBT showed the presence of 34 variants, among which 21 were novel and all were isolated from animal origins. Finally, 30 isolates had new partial rpoB sequences and were considered putative new Acinetobacter species. In conclusion, animals can be a potential reservoir for A. baumannii and the dissemination of new emerging carbapenemases. The roles of the novel animal clones identified in community-acquired infections should be investigated.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extrahuman Epidemiology of Acinetobacter baumannii in Lebanon

Rafei

Hamzé

Pailhoriès

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

111

101

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“…The modified Hodge test (MHT) and the modified Carba NP (MCNP) test were used to screen for carbapenemase activity (15,16). All strains were screened using real-time PCR for the presence of the following ␤-lactamase-encoding genes: bla KPC , bla NDM , bla VIM , bla IMP , bla OXA-48 , bla CTX-M , bla TEM , and bla SHV (17)(18)(19). Strains positive by real-time PCR were subjected to standard PCR and sequencing (18,20).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…All strains were screened using real-time PCR for the presence of the following ␤-lactamase-encoding genes: bla KPC , bla NDM , bla VIM , bla IMP , bla OXA-48 , bla CTX-M , bla TEM , and bla SHV (17)(18)(19). Strains positive by real-time PCR were subjected to standard PCR and sequencing (18,20). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was carried out for carbapenemase-producing strains with the PubMLST scheme (http://pubmlst.org/ecloacae/).…”

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confidence: 99%

First Report of German Cockroaches (Blattella germanica) as Reservoirs of CTX-M-15 Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase- and OXA-48 Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Batna University Hospital, Algeria

Loucif

Gacemi-Kirane

Cherak

et al. 2016

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Here we report the isolation of extended-spectrum ␤-lactamase (ESBL)-and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae from German cockroaches caught in the burn unit of Batna University Hospital in Algeria. Nine of 12 isolates harbored the bla CTX-M-15 ESBL gene. One Enterobacter cloacae isolate belonging to sequence type 528 coexpressed the bla OXA-48 , bla CTX-M-15 , and bla TEM genes. Our findings indicate that cockroaches may be one of the most dangerous reservoirs for ESBL and carbapenemase producers in hospitals.T he emergence of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (MDRE) and their dissemination in hospitals have become a major health concern worldwide (1). The production of ␤-lactamases such as extended-spectrum ␤-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase remains the main mechanism of resistance in Enterobacteriaceae (2). Algeria is now feaures among the Mediterranean countries known to be affected by the spread of CTX-M-15 type ESBL and the emergence of the phantom menace OXA-48 type carbapenemase (3, 4). Indeed, the transmission and dissemination of MDRE in hospitals are usually related to hand contact (5) and poorly sterilized instruments (6). However, cockroaches which colonize these environments may also act as potential mechanical vectors of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (7). Cockroaches are among the most prevalent pests in hospitals, where they are attracted by moisture, food, and suitable temperatures (8, 9). The medical significance of cockroaches has been largely overlooked, but it has been proven that they can harbor a number of pathogenic microorganisms with different levels of antibiotic resistance (10). Blattella germanica is the most abundant cockroach species (11), and the external surfaces and excrement of these cockroaches can contaminate food, human habitats, and hospital equipment; therefore, these insects can present a threat to human health (12).The aim of our study was to screen for broad-spectrum-cephalosporin-and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in B. germanica cockroaches collected from the burn unit of Batna University Hospital in Algeria and then to investigate the molecular support of ESBL and carbapenemase production.In March 2015, 10 cockroaches were randomly captured from different parts of the burn unit, including the kitchen and the guard, treatment, and patient rooms, directly in sterile containers. Samples were immobilized by freezing at 0°C for 10 min (8). Each cockroach was soaked in 5 ml of Tween 80 solution at 0.05% and vortexed vigorously for 2 min. The resulting wash was used as an external-body-homogenate sample. To remove the external body contamination, cockroaches were immersed in bleach for 2 min, in sterile physiological saline for 2 min, and then in 70% ethanol for 5 min (12). Then, each sample was washed with sterile physiological saline. Subsequently, the insect was soaked in a sterile bottle containing 5 ml of Tween 80 solution at 0.05% and then crushed inside using a sterile pestle. The triturate was then vortexed vigorously for 2 min. The resulting s...

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“…They are represented worldwide by six gene clusters: intrinsic chromosomal OXA-51-like, of which there are over 70 variants, and the acquired OXA-23-like, OXA-24/40-like, OXA-58-like, OXA-143-like, and OXA-235-like ␤-lactamases (5-7). Worldwide dissemination of OXA-23-producing A. baumannii is now well established and, notably, has been observed among Algerian hospitals in recent years (8)(9)(10). While A. baumannii is isolated from patients and hospital environmental sources during outbreaks, the reservoir outside the hospital is not well delineated.…”

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confidence: 99%

First Description of Two Sequence Type 2 Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates Carrying OXA-23 Carbapenemase in Pagellus acarne Fished from the Mediterranean Sea near Bejaia, Algeria

Brahmi

Touati

Cadière

et al. 2016

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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e To determine the occurrence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in fish fished from the Mediterranean Sea near the Bejaia coast (Algeria), we studied 300 gills and gut samples that had been randomly and prospectively collected during 1 year. After screening on selective agar media, using PCR arrays and whole-genome sequencing, we identified for the first time two OXA-23-producing A. baumannii strains belonging to the widespread sequence type 2 (ST2)/international clone II and harboring aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes [aac(6=)-Ib and aac(3=)-I genes]. Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic aerobic nonfermentative Gram-negative rod found ubiquitously in the environment (1). This bacterium has emerged as an important cause of nosocomial infections, most notably ventilator-associated pneumonia and bacteremia associated with high mortality, urinary tract infections, and endocarditis (2). Moreover, it is highly capable of developing resistance to antimicrobial agents (1). Over the last 10 years, an increase in carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii strains has been observed worldwide; in particular, we noted a high prevalence in different countries in the south of Europe (3). The most common mechanism of carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter species is the production of acquired carbapenem-hydrolyzing OXA-type class D ␤-lactamases (4). They are represented worldwide by six gene clusters: intrinsic chromosomal OXA-51-like, of which there are over 70 variants, and the acquired OXA-23-like, OXA-24/40-like, OXA-58-like, OXA-143-like, and OXA-235-like ␤-lactamases (5-7). Worldwide dissemination of OXA-23-producing A. baumannii is now well established and, notably, has been observed among Algerian hospitals in recent years (8-10). While A. baumannii is isolated from patients and hospital environmental sources during outbreaks, the reservoir outside the hospital is not well delineated. Several investigators have suspected that the survival of A. baumannii in the environment (in particular in water) could contribute to the transmission of the organism during outbreaks (3). Moreover, recent reports have also described the presence of carbapenemresistant Acinetobacter spp. from animals. The OXA-23 carbapenemase has been found in Acinetobacter spp. from cattle, horses, and cats (11-13). NDM-1 has also been reported in Acinetobacter spp. from food animals (chicken and pig farms) in China (14, 15). However, knowledge about carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter spp. of animal origin remains very limited, making it difficult to assess its impact on public health.Between 1 March 2012 and 28 February 2013, we randomly and prospectively screened a total of 300 samples from different fish fished in the Mediterranean Sea (2 km from the Bejaia coast, Algeria). Sampling was carried out from Sardina pilchardus (n ϭ 62), Engraulis encrasicolus (n ϭ 38), Trachurus trachurus (n ϭ 45), Sarpa salpa (n ϭ 60), Pagellus acarne (n ϭ 55), and Boops boops (n ϭ 40). The gills and gut of each fish sample were collected by opening the gut...

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Prevalence of carbapenemase-encoding genes including New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase in Acinetobacter species, Algeria

Abstract: This study represents the first description of autochthonous Acinetobacter spp producing metallo-β-lactamase blaNDM-1-like and oxacillinases blaOXA-23-like and blaOXA-24-like in western Algeria.

Cited by 67 publications

References 29 publications

Extrahuman Epidemiology of Acinetobacter baumannii in Lebanon

Extrahuman Epidemiology of Acinetobacter baumannii in Lebanon

First Report of German Cockroaches (Blattella germanica) as Reservoirs of CTX-M-15 Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase- and OXA-48 Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Batna University Hospital, Algeria

First Description of Two Sequence Type 2 Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates Carrying OXA-23 Carbapenemase in Pagellus acarne Fished from the Mediterranean Sea near Bejaia, Algeria

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