Prevalence of canine distemper antibodies in the pagetic population

Abstract

Recent molecular evidence has implicated canine distemper virus (CDV) as a possible aetiologic agent in Paget's disease. However, previous serological studies have shown no differences in levels of anti-CDV antibodies between Paget's patients and controls. In this study, the technique of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure anti-CDV antibodies in a group of Paget's patients from the North West of England. Some patients were undergoing treatment with 3-amino-hydroxypropylidene (APD), and the pre-treatment levels of antibody were compared with those following treatment. With several patients, it was also possible to compare the antibody levels with results from in situ hybridisation studies. No significant difference was found between the levels of anti-CDV antibodies in patients and controls. However, several patients and some of the controls did have markedly elevated levels of anti-CDV antibody. Antibody levels remained fairly constant following treatment with APD, except for two patients who showed marked changes. The patients positive for CDV by in situ hybridisation had significantly lower levels of anti-CDV antibodies when compared with those that were negative by in situ hybridisation. These results suggest that if CDV does cause Paget's disease, anti-CDV antibodies play little or no part in the disease pathogenesis. High levels of anti-CDV antibodies in both Paget's patients and controls suggest that a canine virus can infect humans. The fact that those patients that had CDV transcripts detectable in their bone cells had low levels of anti-CDV antibodies might suggest failure to clear the virus during an initial infection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Epidemiological features and the neuropathological manifestations of canine distemper virus-induced infections in Brazil: a review

“…Thereafter, and similar to the MS controversy, an association between household pets and PDB was made by epidemiological studies (O'DRISCOLL; ANDERSON, 1985;O'DRISCOLL et al, 1990), and this likelihood was increased when mongrels or unvaccinated dogs were evaluated (KHAN et al, 1996). Studies using in situ hybridisation have observed that only CDV-N antisense probes hybridized with CDV RNA within osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and osteocytes of patients with PDB (GORDON; ANDERSON; SHARPE, 1991;GORDON et al, 1993); similar results were also observed with in situ-reverse RT-PCR (MEE et al, 1998). Further, CDV N gene was identified by in situ hybridisation and RT-PCR from bone cells of dogs diagnosed with metaphyseal osteopathy , a canine bone disease of uncertain etiology but with some similar histological features of PDB .…”

“…This study confirmed previous descriptions of the participation of CDV in natural and experimentally-induced bone lesions of young dongs (BAUMGÄRTNER et al, 1995b), but it is unknown if this represents a separate CDV-induced bone disease or a manifestation of systemic CDV (BAUMGÄRTNER et al, 1995a). The marked difference between the studies of experimental and natural CDV-induced infections of dogs and those with PDB was that both sense and antisense probes were bound to bone cells when in situ hybridization was used (BAUMGÄRTNER et al, 1995a), whereas only CDV sense probes were bound to bone cells in human cases of PDB (GORDON; SHARPE, 1991;GORDON et al, 1993).…”

Rt-PCR Detects Canine Distemper Virus in Asymptomatic and Non-Vaccinated Puppies

“…Several attempts have been made to improve diagnosis of CD and several conventional RT-PCR assays have been developed that allow effective virus detection in vivo with high levels of sensitivity and specificity (Shin et al 1995, Frisk et al 1999. It is possible to detect viral nucleocapsid mRNA through RT-PCR (Del Puerto 2006), an important molecular tool in detection of acute and chronic infection, and post-mortem evaluation of CDV in different biological samples (Gordon et al 1993, Frisk et al 1999, Kim et al 2001, Hoyland et al 2003, Gebara et al 2004). …”

Paget's disease of bone—genetic and environmental factors

“…No statis tically significant differences in circulating levels of CDV anti bodies were reported between patients with Paget's disease and healthy individuals. 106 Three other studies in the UK reported no evidence of CDV transcripts in any patient with Paget's disease. 89,94,95 Respiratory syncytial virus Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a pneumovirus of the Paramyxoviridae family, which is a common pathogen that causes respiratory infections in children and adults.…”