Prevalence of Candida spp. and age-related disparities amongst women presenting with vaginitis at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology (O&amp;G) Clinic in a Tertiary hospital in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Mbakwem-Aniebo, C.; Osadebe, Anwuli U.; Athanasonny, Eunice; Okonko, Iheanyi O.

doi:10.4314/ahs.v20i1.9

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The study carried out by Denning et al shows that the candidiasis is highly prevalent in the women of age group 25-34 years which is in correlation to this study [23]. The study done by Mbakwem-Aniebo et al shows that the VC is more prevalent in the age group of 20-29 years which is also complementary to the findings of the present study [24]. The study carried out by Rati et al [25] and James et al [26] also states that the vulvovaginal candidiasis is more prevalent in the age group 20-29 years which resembles to the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Prevalence of vaginal yeast infections in pregnant and non-pregnant women attending at Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of the tertiary care center in Central region of Nepal

Yadav

2022

Microbes and Infectious Diseases

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Background: Candida albicans represents the most abundant opportunistic strain. Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis and Candida lusitaniae may also mount infection under opportunistic conditions. The presence of candidal infection in the vagina is specified as a vaginal candidiasis. During pregnancy, vaginitis is more common, and there is a high chance of recurrent infection.In pregnancy, higher level of estrogen enhances the attachment of yeast cells to vaginal mucosa due to which woman are more susceptible to yeast infection. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the fungal burden of candidiasis in pregnant and non-pregnant ladies at a tertiary care centre in central region of Nepal. Methods: The study was conducted after receiving the approval from the Institutional Review Committee of Chitwan Medical College and Teaching Hospital (CMCTH). The recent study was carried in 150 women of child bearing age group visiting the Department of Gynecology and obstetrics at CMCTH during a period of 6 months from October 2020 to January 2021. The isolates were subjected to microscopy, culture and identification. Results: Among 150 samples processed in our microbiology laboratory during the study period, 41.7% of non-pregnant ladies were found to be positive for Candida sp. and 55.5% of the pregnant ladies were positive for Candida species. Conclusions: The ladies of child bearing age group are at high risk of vaginal candidiasis in Central region of Nepal. The present study shows that age and pregnancy both influences the colonization of fungi in women.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Prevalence of vaginal yeast infections in pregnant and non-pregnant women attending at Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of the tertiary care center in Central region of Nepal

Yadav

2022

Microbes and Infectious Diseases

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“…Findings showed that females preferred herbal to western medication possibly because genitourinary candidiasis is more prevalent in females than men. About 50% of women, mostly in the reproductive age bracket get multiple infection episodes of VVC [ 59 ] and thus, the great demand for herbal remedies. Vaginal infections like VVC affect female private parts [ 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants utilized in the management of candidiasis in Northern Uganda

et al. 2022

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Background The emergence of resistant Candida species to antifungal drugs has led to resurgence in herbal usage globally. However, little is known about anti-candida plants. This study explored ethnomedicinal plants as treatment option for candidiasis in Pader, Northern Uganda. Methods A cross-sectional survey of potential anti-candida plants was conducted using questionnaires, focus group discussions and field observations in March 2022. Sixty-three respondents were selected by snowball technique. The frequencies of respondents/responses were analyzed, associations of respondents’ socio-demographics with indigenous knowledge of herbal usage established by Chi-square (χ2) test using SPSS 27. Informant Consensus Factor was computed to establish level of agreement on herbal usage, and thematic analysis done for focus group discussions. Results Candidiasis is still common and troublesome in Pader. All herbalist had equal chances of receiving and treating candidiasis patients irrespective of herbalist’s gender, age, education level, occupation, marital status and religion (p > 0.05). About 39.7% of herbalists received candidiasis patients weekly (p < 0.01). All herbalists had knowledge on candidiasis. Death (56.8%) and discomfort (36.8%) were the major health risks of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), respectively. A total of 32 potential anti-candida plant species in 18 families were identified. Families of Fabaceae (9 species) and Asteraceae (5 species) had most plant species. Trees (50.0%) and herbs (43.8%) were the dominant life forms. The commonest plants by frequency of mention were: Momordica foetida (26), Sansevieria dawei (20), Khaya anthotheca (15), Piliostigma thonningii (10), Clerodendrum umbellatum (7), Hallea rubrostipulata (5) and unidentified plant, ‘Agaba/daa layata’ in Acholi dialect (5). Plant parts mainly used were roots (56.3%) and stem barks (15.6%) harvested majorly by cutting (46.9%) and uprooting (12.5%). Most respondents (females, 95%) preferred herbal to western medication (p < 0.01) due to its perceived effectiveness. There was high consensus among herbalists on herbal remedies for OPC and VVC (FIC = 0.9). Conclusions Pader communities have diverse indigenous knowledge on candidiasis and prefer herbal medicines to orthodox treatment for candidiasis. However, the herbalists use unsustainable harvesting techniques like uprooting whole plants and cutting main roots. Hence, the need to document such indigenous knowledge before being lost for community usage and scientific validation.

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“…Also, there is differences in the prevalence of candida vaginitis that has been linked to risk factors such as high sexual activity, use of contraceptives, poor hygiene and antibiotics/drug abuse as is common in the younger, more sexually active age-groups ( 37 ). So that, some studies have shown that the prevalence of candida increased significantly in women below 35 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effect of 15 ppm Silver Nanoparticle Spray Compared to Clotrimazole 1% on Candida Vaginitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Aghaei,

Kianpour,

Mardanian

et al. 2023

JFRH

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Objective: In vitro and in vivo researches have shown that silver nanoparticles have more antimicrobial properties with a lower concentration than antifungal agents against candida vaginitis. Therefore, this study evaluated the therapeutic effect of silver nanoparticles (Nivasha spray15ppm) compared to clotrimazole 1% vaginal cream on candida vaginitis. Materials and methods: In this clinical trial study, 110 women with confirmed candida vaginitis randomly were divided into test (n=58) and control (n=52) groups. Silver nanoparticles spray with an applicator (Nivasha 15 ppm), and clotrimazole 1% were administered to test and control groups, respectively. Then, within ten days, post-intervention checkup and patient self-reported for treatment results were recorded in checklists and the data were analyzed statistically. Results: The improvement rate in test group (98.0%) was 1.44 times higher than in control (67.9%). Moreover, disease symptoms after the intervention (including unusual secretions, itching and burning, redness) in test group were significantly less than in the control, but there was no significant difference in the ratio of edema in two groups) p=0.071(. Furthermore, the average recovery time (days) of all symptoms in test group was lower than control (p<0.05). Finally, the rate of patients' satisfaction with the treatment process in the test group (76.9%) was more than control (46.6%) (p=0.004). Conclusion: Nivasha spray had more effectiveness compared to the clotrimazole 1%. Therefore, it can be used as an alternative drug in the treatment of Candida vaginitis.

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Prevalence of Candida spp. and age-related disparities amongst women presenting with vaginitis at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology (O&G) Clinic in a Tertiary hospital in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Prevalence of vaginal yeast infections in pregnant and non-pregnant women attending at Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of the tertiary care center in Central region of Nepal

Prevalence of vaginal yeast infections in pregnant and non-pregnant women attending at Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of the tertiary care center in Central region of Nepal

Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants utilized in the management of candidiasis in Northern Uganda

Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effect of 15 ppm Silver Nanoparticle Spray Compared to Clotrimazole 1% on Candida Vaginitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

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