Prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus in cattle between 2010 and 2021: A global systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

BackgroundBovine viral diarrhea is one of the diseases that cause huge economic losses in animal husbandry. Many countries or regions have successively introduced eradication plans, but BVDV still has a high prevalence in the world. This meta-analysis aims to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of BVDV in the world in recent 10 years, and is expected to provide some reference and theoretical basis for BVDV control plans in different regions.MethodRelevant articles published from 2010 to 2021 were mainly retrieved from NCBI, ScienceDirect, Chongqing VIP, Chinese web of knowledge (CNKI), web of science and Wanfang databases.Results128 data were used to analyze the prevalence of BVDV from 2010 to 2021. BVDV antigen prevalence rate is 15.74% (95% CI: 11.35–20.68), antibody prevalence rate is 42.77% (95% CI: 37.01–48.63). In the two databases of antigen and antibody, regions, sampling time, samples, detection methods, species, health status, age, sex, breeding mode, and seasonal subgroups were discussed and analyzed, respectively. In the antigen database, the prevalence of dairy cows in the breed subgroup, ELISA in the detection method subgroup, ear tissue in the sample subgroup, and extensive breeding in the breeding mode were the lowest, with significant differences. In the antibody database, the prevalence rate of dairy cows in the breed subgroup and intensive farming was the highest, with a significant difference. The subgroups in the remaining two databases were not significantly different.ConclusionThis meta-analysis determined the prevalence of BVDV in global cattle herds from 2010 to 2021. The prevalence of BVDV varies from region to region, and the situation is still not optimistic. In daily feeding, we should pay attention to the rigorous and comprehensive management to minimize the spread of virus. The government should enforce BVDV prevention and control, implement control or eradication policies according to local conditions, and adjust the policies in time.

Comparative Analysis of the Prevalence of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Cattle Populations Based on Detection Methods: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…We observed heterogeneity in the prevalence across studies, largely attributable to the variability in the detection methods and risk factors. Our results were consistent with previous reviews and meta-analyses on prevalence of BVDV that reported considerable variations [ 18 , 19 , 76 ].…”

“…The estimated prevalence range of BVDV varies across different geographic regions and cattle populations [ 18 , 19 ]. It is unclear how much of this variation is a product of differences in detection methods, risk factors, or related covariates.…”

A longitudinal study of bovine viral diarrhea virus in a semi-closed management dairy cattle herd, 2020–2022

“…Previous reports showed that the seroprevalence of BVD varies depending on the geographic region and the management practices of the cattle ( 34 ). The prevalence of BVD can range from < 2% to 97% in cattle herds ( 35 ). A seroprevalence of 26% and 35% was previously reported in Saudi Arabia ( 27 , 28 ).…”

Development and Application of a Rapid Test for Detection of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus-specific Antibodies

“…Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) stands as the most significant and widespread infectious endemic disease affecting the global cattle population, causing substantial economic losses (Cowley et al 2014). BVD exhibits a high prevalence, persistent nature, and consequential clinical impact, making it a paramount infectious disease within the livestock industry (Su et al 2023). BVDV, a member of the Pestivirus genus within the Flaviviridae family, is characterized as a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus, alongside border disease virus (BDV) and classical swine fever virus (CSFV) (Ridpath 2003).…”