Prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and trypanocidal drug sensitivity studies on Trypanosoma congolense in Wolyta and Dawero zones of southern Ethiopia

Miruk, A.; Ashenafi, Hagos; Hailu, Yacob; Asnake, F.; Basu, Asoke

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.12.007

Cited by 40 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…congolense the identified species in the present study area, is in accordance with most of the previously conducted studies in the southern rift valley of Ethiopia (Abebe, 2005;Miruk et al, 2008) and in the Ghibe valley (Rowlands et al, 2001;Moti et al, 2012) where it is the dominant prevailing species. In general, it has been proved that T. congolense is the most prevalent and virulent trypanosome species in Eastern Africa, although certain hemorrhagic T. vivax strains still prevail in Eastern African countries (Taylor and Authie, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…al., 2008). Glossina pallidipes was found to be the only tsetse species prevalent in the study area and the greater section of the southern rift valley system of Ethiopia (Miruk et al, 2008;Moti et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Experimental studies conducted in different tsetseinfested zones of Ethiopia, using tests in ruminants, indicated the occurrence of varying degrees of resistance in trypanosomes to the commonly applied trypanocidal drugs (Yeshitila et al, 2006;Miruk et al, 2008;Moti et al, 2012). According to Kone (1999) there is no relation between curative and prophylactic doses for an individual trypanosome isolate in cattle and mice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensitivity of Trypanosoma congolense field isolates in experimentally infected calves in Konso district, Southern Ethiopia to isomethamidium and diminazene

Ashenafi¹,

Gewado²,

Hailu³

2014

J. Vet. Med. Anim. Health

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Study on sensitivity to diminazene aceturate 3.5 mg/kg and isometamidium chloride 0.5 mg/kg in tenzebu calves experimentally infected with two field isolates of Trypanosoma congolense (ET/07/Konso 59 and ET/07/Konso 114) was undertaken in Konso district, Southern Ethiopia. Calves were monitored for clinical and parasitological parameters during three months. At day 15 postinfection, corresponding to peak parasitaemia, they were treated with Diminasan ® 3.5 mg/kg body weight via deep intramuscular route. Out of ten calves, only two remained parasitologically negative for 12 and 15 days after treatment with Diminasan ® . Once relapse/breakthrough infection was detected in two calves, parasitemia persisted until they get second treatment with Veridium ® 0.5 mg/kg body weight. However, linear regression analysis of the effects of persistent trypanosomal infections on mean packed cell volume (PCV) and loss of body condition in relation to the initial recordings in the relapsed calves was not statistically significant. Results of the trypanocidal drug sensitivity study revealed the presence of T. congolense populations exhibiting resistance to diminazene aceturate. It is strongly recommended that legislations be devised and implemented to ensure that only quality and effective trypanocidal drugs should get access to the market.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensitivity of Trypanosoma congolense field isolates in experimentally infected calves in Konso district, Southern Ethiopia to isomethamidium and diminazene

Ashenafi¹,

Gewado²,

Hailu³

2014

J. Vet. Med. Anim. Health

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“…In the present study, rats infected and treated with samorin on the same day developed resistance against infection, whereas rats infected and treated with berenil on the same day were parasitaemic. This is in agreement with the observation of Miruk et al (2008) that berenil has no prophylactic effect.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Comparative efficacy of Berenil and Samorin in albino rats experimentally infected with current field isolates of <i>Trypanosoma brucei brucei</i>

Oo¹,

Toshak²,

Obaloto³

et al. 2014

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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The efficacy of two standard veterinary trypanocides, diminazene aceturate (Berenil-therapeutic) and isometamidium chloride (Samorin-prophylactic) was compared in albino rats experimentally infected with current field isolate of Trypanosoma brucei brucei (Federe strain). The study consisted of forty albino rats, divided into 8 groups of five animals each. The negative control was uninfected and untreated (Group 1), whereas the positive control was infected and untreated (Group 2). Other groups were treated intramuscularly with either 0.5 mg/kg or 3.5 mg/kg body weight of Samorin or Berenil respectively adopting different protocols. Groups 3 and 4 were treated the same day of infection with Berenil and Samorin respectively (treatment was before infection). Groups 5 and 6 were treated at patency (4 days post infection) with Berenil and Samorin respectively. Groups 7 and 8 were infected before treatment on the same day with Berenil and Samorin respectively, and re-challenged with the T.brucei brucei after four days. The results obtained 60 days post treatment showed that the difference between the efficacies of the two drugs was significant (P< 0.05). Berenil cleared the parasites more from the blood of the albino rats than Samorin. From the recorded values of the parameters (body weight, temperature, packed cell volume and parasitaemic profile), it was concluded that Berenil is a more efficacious trypanocide than Samorin, and is recommended as the drug of choice in the treatment of animal trypanosomiasis.

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“…[14] in Guto Gida (20.23%) district, Begna et al [15] in Humbo (20.2%) district, Tola et al [16] in Chora (19.02%) district, Kassaye [17] in Sayonole (20.86%) district, Kassaye and Tsegaye [12] in Dale Wabera (20.9%) and Dale sedi (20.3%) districts and [23] in western Oromia (22.88%). Difference in aneamia status in trypanosome infected cattle was probably due to discrepancy in ecology [20], nutritional status [24], animal breed [25], season of the study [19], tsetse control and trypanocidal drug utilization level [26] and/or diagnostic method employed [27,28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Fungi from Police Dogs in Borri, Khartoum, Sudan

Ahmed¹

2017

Austin J Vet Sci & Anim Husb

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The cross-sectional study was carried out from January to May, 2015 to assess prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and apparent density of its vectors in Yayo district Iluababora zone of western Oromia. In current study 408 cattle were randomly selected for the study of bovine trypanosomosis prevalence in the district. Blood sample were collected from ear vein of cattle drawn into heparinized capillary tube then centrifuged and buffy coat techniques and thin blood smear were used to identify species of trypanosomes. This revealed that overall prevalence 7.4%, 95% CI: 5.1 -10.0% with the highest rate of infection of T. congolonse (66.7%) than T. vivax 8(26.7%) and mixed infection 2(6.7%). Prevalence of trypanosomosis higher in female cattle 8%, 95% CI: 5.0 -11.6%, old cattle 25%, 95% CI: 0.0 -62.5% and poor body condition score cattle 9.3%, 95% CI: 3.7 -14.8% and they were insignificantly associated with the bovine trypanosomosis prevalence. Bovine trypanosomosis prevalence was higher in aneamic 26(7.54%), poor body condition score 10(9.26%), female 21(8.11%) and old cattle 28(7.49%) and all the risk factors are insignificantly associated with trypanosomosis prevalence. The mean PCV of the infected cattle, male cattle and medium body condition score cattle were 17.767%, 95% CI: 15.96 -19.58%, 20.274%, 95% CI: 19.78 -20.77%, 20.09%, 95% CI: 19.53 -20.65% lower than their perspective, respectively. In study 45 monopyramidal traps used to assess apparent density of tsetse flies and other biting flies in the district were G. pallidipes and G. f. fuscipes caught with overall apparent density of 142.41 FTD and other biting flies Tabanus, Stomoxys and Heamatopota. This indicates that how much tsetse flies and trypanosomosis challenge the livelihood of farmers. Therefore, chemoprophylaxis and prophylactics techniques and vector control techniques should be implemented.

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Prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and trypanocidal drug sensitivity studies on Trypanosoma congolense in Wolyta and Dawero zones of southern Ethiopia

Cited by 40 publications

References 7 publications

Sensitivity of Trypanosoma congolense field isolates in experimentally infected calves in Konso district, Southern Ethiopia to isomethamidium and diminazene

Sensitivity of Trypanosoma congolense field isolates in experimentally infected calves in Konso district, Southern Ethiopia to isomethamidium and diminazene

Comparative efficacy of Berenil and Samorin in albino rats experimentally infected with current field isolates of <i>Trypanosoma brucei brucei</i>

Identification of Fungi from Police Dogs in Borri, Khartoum, Sudan

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