Prevalence of Bipartite Patella in Turkish Population: Analysis of Bilateral Knee Radiographs in 897 Subjects

Abstract

KOSE, O.; ERASLAN, A.; ERGUN, A.; EGERCI, O. F. & ERCAN, E. C.Prevalence of bipartite patella in Turkish population; analysis of bilateral knee radiographs in 897 subjects. Int. J. Morphol., 33(3):1108-1113, 2015. SUMMARY:Bipartite patella is a normal anatomic variant of patella. There are various data about the prevalence of bipartite patella in the literature. The aim of this study was to investigate its prevalence, type distribution and sex predilection in Turkish population. Bilateral knee radiographs were retrospectively reviewed of 897 consecutive adult patients. Cases with bipartite patella were categorized according to the Oohashi classification. Medical records were examined in order to differentiate symptomatic and asymptomatic bipartite patellae. We contacted symptomatic patients by telephone to learn continuity of knee pain. We identified 11 cases (7 male, 4 female) of bipartite patella among the 283 male and 614 female patients. No bilateral cases were identified. The prevalence of bipartite patella was 1.22% overall, 2.47% in males, and 0.65% in females. The most common type was superolateral bipartite patella as seen in 9 patients (81.8%). One subject had lateral bipartite and one subject had superolateral tripartite patella. Painful bipartite patella was found in only 2 patients (18%). One of them had continuing symptoms even after 12 months. In conclusion, we found that the prevalence of bipartite patella in Turkish population was approximately 1%. Both inclusion of only adult (skeletally mature) subjects and assessment with bilateral imaging increased the reliability of this value. In accordance with the literature, bipartite patella was found significantly more frequent in males and mostly in superolateral type. More studies are needed in order to obtain the prevalence, type and sex distribution of bipartite patella in different populations.

Skeletal Anomalies in The Neandertal Family of El Sidrón (Spain) Support A Role of Inbreeding in Neandertal Extinction

“…In modern humans, a bipartite patella is the most common morphological variant (frequency from 0.05% to 1.7%), while a tripartite patella is even more rare 74–76 . In both cases, the separate ossification center(s) most often occur superolaterally or laterally 74–76 , rather than inferiorly as in El Sidrón specimen. In modern humans, congenital conditions of the patella are present in more than 35 dysmorphic entities, and patella aplasia or hypoplasia is a hallmark feature of several syndromes (e.g.…”

Bipartite patella separation and partial quadriceps tendon rupture in the setting of trauma

“…Bipartite patella is usually incidental and asymptomatic, but recent literature suggests rare pain syndromes due to this variant. First described in 1883 by Gruber, this anatomic variant was classified by Saupe in 1921 and later reclassified in 2010 by Oohashi et al [9] . The superolateral type is the most common of the variants making up 75% [10] .…”

Unusual cause of anterior knee pain

“…Partite patella has classified into four types, superolateral bipartite, lateral bipartite, superolateral and lateral tripartite, superolateral tripartite. 2 …”

“… 3 Other surgical options are lateral retinacular release, vastus lateralis release, and internal fixation with or without bone grafting. 2 , 3 …”