Prevalence of bed bug (Cimex lectularius) in human settlement area of Bahnamir, Iran

Haghi, S F Motevalli; Behbodi, Mohammad; Hajati, Hosna; Shafaroudi, Majid Malekzadeh

doi:10.1016/s2222-1808(14)60727-1

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…resurgence from around the world since the beginning of the 21th centuryContinentCountrySpeciesReferenceAsiaOne of the Arabian Gulf States Cimex spp. a [205]Bangladesh C. hemipterus [206]China (Mainland) C. lectularius , C. hemipterus [207, 208]Taiwan C. hemipterus [209]India C. lectularius , C. hemipterus [29, 205]Iran C. lectularius [210]Israel C. lectularius , C. hemipterus [211, 212]Japan C. lectularius [213]Kuwait C. lectularius [214]Malaysia C. hemipterus [129, 215–217]Pakistan C. lectularius [218]Singapore C. hemipterus [215]South Korea C. lectularius [219]Sri Lanka C. hemipterus [56]Thailand C. lectularius , C. hemipterus [12, 220]AfricaEthiopia Cimex spp. a [221]Kenya C. hemipterus [17]Nigeria C. lectularius , C. hemipterus [222, 223]Rwanda C. hemipterus [224]Sierra Leone C. lectularius , C. hemipterus [14]South Africa C. lectularius , C. hemipterus [13]Tanzania C. lectularius , C. hemipterus [55, 225]Ugand...…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticide resistance and resistance mechanisms in bed bugs, Cimex spp. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)

et al. 2017

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The worldwide resurgence of bed bugs [both Cimex lectularius L. and Cimex hemipterus (F.)] over the past two decades is believed in large part to be due to the development of insecticide resistance. The transcriptomic and genomic studies since 2010, as well as morphological, biochemical and behavioral studies, have helped insecticide resistance research on bed bugs. Multiple resistance mechanisms, including penetration resistance through thickening or remodelling of the cuticle, metabolic resistance by increased activities of detoxification enzymes (e.g. cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and esterases), and knockdown resistance by kdr mutations, have been experimentally identified as conferring insecticide resistance in bed bugs. Other candidate resistance mechanisms, including behavioral resistance, some types of physiological resistance (e.g. increasing activities of esterases by point mutations, glutathione S-transferase, target site insensitivity including altered AChEs, GABA receptor insensitivity and altered nAChRs), symbiont-mediated resistance and other potential, yet undiscovered mechanisms may exist. This article reviews recent studies of resistance mechanisms and the genes governing insecticide resistance, potential candidate resistance mechanisms, and methods of monitoring insecticide resistance in bed bugs. This article provides an insight into the knowledge essential for the development of both insecticide resistance management (IRM) and integrated pest management (IPM) strategies for successful bed bug management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticide resistance and resistance mechanisms in bed bugs, Cimex spp. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)

et al. 2017

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“…The bedroom was confirmed as the most infested areas with the nymph and adult of the insect and the sitting room was the second most infested (20). The investigation of the correlation between social factors and bed bug prevalence in Mazandaran province showed all infested families were owners, 85.71% traveled to infested areas, 28.57% used second hand instruments and 78.57% controlled the infestation by themselves (20).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Nothing was found in Iranmedex and Irandoc using the searched keywords. Also, using the searched keywords in international databases, only one article (20), was found which was indexed in both Google Scholar and ScienceDirect. Moreover, in Scopus database, Dehghani et al (21) was found which was also available in the Iranian database of Magiran.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In PubMed no article was found for the searched keywords. Concerning the searched keywords, firstly, 38 articles were found in Google Scholar database and 10 articles in Science direct database, only one of which (20), was related to our study and the rest were excluded. According to previous studies, the prevalence of bed bug infestation was reported from 2.8% to 90.1% in Iran.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Bed Bug Infestation (Cimex lectularius) as a Public Health Insect in Iran (1995 – 2019)

Alizadeh

Sharififard

Jahanifard

et al. 2019

Jundishapur J Health Sci

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Background:The common bed bug (Cimex lectularius) is a small hematophagous and wingless insect of the order of Hemiptera and the Cimex genus. This insect is mainly nocturnal and feeds specifically on humans. Objectives: This systematic review reflects the distribution of the bed bug and this is a hypothesis about the relationship between the mean of humidity and temperature with the bed bug infestation that the meta-analysis evaluates. Data Sources: Various electronic databases were investigated for choosing reliable research by suitable keywords during 1995 to 2019. Relevant studies were accepted regarding to the inclusion criteria. Cochrane Q and I2 statistics were used to evaluate heterogeneity and inconsistency. Small study effects were assessed by Egger's regression test. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA12 software. Results: Four researches were entered in this review based on inclusion criteria. According to previous studies, the prevalence of bed bug infestation was reported to be from 2.8% to 90.1% in Iran. Despite of an extensive range of insect infestation, only the reports of the bed bug distribution were published in the Kohgiluye-and-Buyer Ahmad, Esfahan and Mazandaran provinces. The weighted mean of prevalence of common bed bug infestation was obtained using random effects method. The summary estimate of the prevalence was 0.28 [95% CI: (-0.01 -0.71)]. Conclusions:The current study showed that the prevalence of the common bed bug is mainly focused on the southern, southwestern and northern provinces of Iran. Moreover, the bed bug can be called a neglected urban pest, which needs further investigation to know its distribution in the country.

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“…are the minor threat to human health and there are few researches on bed bug infestation in Iran. The prevalence of bed bug is reported in the range of 6.7% to 90.7% in Kohgiloyehand-Boyerahmad, Mazandaran, Khorasan Razavi, and Isfahan provinces (4)(5)(6)(7). A cross sectional study was conducted in rural areas of Bahnamir city in Mazandaran Province that about 33.2% and 66.8% of collected bed bugs from bedrooms were nymph and adult, respectively (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification, Knowledge, and Awareness of People Regarding Public Health Nuisance Insect (Cimex lectularius) in Southwest of Iran

Alizadeh

Sharififard

Jahanifard

et al. 2018

Jundishapur J Health Sci

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Background: Cimex lectularius belongs to the family of Cimicidae and its infestation to the man is a public health problem. Recently, bed bug infestation increased world-wide. Psychological distress is one of the bed bug infestations. Regarding its biting, awareness and knowledge are the keys to reduce bed bug prevalence in the society. Objectives: The current study aimed at evaluating of this investigation was to evaluate awareness, and knowledge of residents toward the bed bug in southwest Southwest of Iran. Methods: The current descriptive cross sectional study was conducted on Ahvaz residents, from June to July 2016. The questionnaire consisted of demographic characteristics, identification, knowledge about the bed bug, and awareness related to the prevention and control of the insect completed by 180 participants. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS version 16. Results: A total of 180 participants were divided into three groups that responded to the questions. The findings showed that the percentage of correctly identify the bed bug in a vial, in three groups of respondents in Ahvaz city, people, medical and pharmacy students and health workers were 13%, 25%, and 72%, respectively. The results showed that 55% of participants were male. A few of the respondents were illiterate and most of them were in the age range of 20 -29 years approximately, 13%, 25%, and 72% of the residents, university students and health staff knew the bed bug, respectively. Totally, 72% of health workers and 33% of students had good knowledge about the prevention of the insect, respectively. The results revealed that 92% of health workers were very concerned about bed bug infestation. The habitat of C. lectularius was recognized by 78% of health staff, while 23% of people did not know the pest. Conclusions: Scarce knowledge of people on nuisance insect, C. lectularius, is one of the critical causes of high infestation in Ahvaz.

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Prevalence of bed bug (Cimex lectularius) in human settlement area of Bahnamir, Iran

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

Insecticide resistance and resistance mechanisms in bed bugs, Cimex spp. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)

Insecticide resistance and resistance mechanisms in bed bugs, Cimex spp. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Bed Bug Infestation (Cimex lectularius) as a Public Health Insect in Iran (1995 – 2019)

Identification, Knowledge, and Awareness of People Regarding Public Health Nuisance Insect (Cimex lectularius) in Southwest of Iran

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