Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Siblings of Indian Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Kumar, Ankur; Juneja, Monica; Mishra, Devendra

doi:10.1177/0883073815624764

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…One recent study evaluated the ISAA in relation to the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and the Developmental Disability- Children Global Assessment Scale (DD-CGAS) [ 32 ]. Another prevalence study that was excluded from this review was limited to siblings of children with ASD and almost equal in male and female siblings [ 33 ]. Nationwide study of the prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders in India has begun and is being carried out by members of the International Clinical Epidemiology Network (INCLEN) including 2–9 years aged children per cluster across five sites (rural, urban, hilly, coastal and tribal) [ 34 ] by expanding on the well-known “10 Questions” screen from Bangladesh [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism Spectrum disorders (ASD) in South Asia: a systematic review

Hossain¹,

Ahmed²,

Uddin³

et al. 2017

BMC Psychiatry

109

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BackgroundAutism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of complex neurodevelopmental disorders. The prevalence of ASD in many South Asian countries is still unknown. The aim of this study was to systematically review available epidemiological studies of ASD in this region to identify gaps in our current knowledge.MethodsWe searched, collected and evaluated articles published between January 1962 and July 2016 which reported the prevalence of ASD in eight South Asian countries. The search was conducted in line with the PRISMA guidelines.ResultsWe identified six articles from Bangladesh, India, and Sri Lanka which met our predefined inclusion criteria. The reported prevalence of ASD in South Asia ranged from 0.09% in India to 1.07% in Sri Lanka that indicates up to one in 93 children have ASD in this region. Alarmingly high prevalence (3%) was reported in Dhaka city. Study sample sizes ranged from 374 in Sri Lanka to 18,480 in India. The age range varied between 1 and 30 years. No studies were found which reported the prevalence of ASD in Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives and Afghanistan. This review identifies methodological differences in case definition, screening instruments and diagnostic criteria among reported three countries which make it very difficult to compare the studies.ConclusionsOur study is an attempt at understanding the scale of the problem and scarcity of information regarding ASD in the South Asia. This study will contribute to the evidence base needed to design further research and make policy decisions on addressing this issue in this region. Knowing the prevalence of ASD in South Asia is vital to ensure the effective allocation of resources and services.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism Spectrum disorders (ASD) in South Asia: a systematic review

Hossain¹,

Ahmed²,

Uddin³

et al. 2017

BMC Psychiatry

109

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“…So far the results of nutraceutical intervention are reputed highly controversial 37 , however the lack of personalization, without assessing the individual needs before assigning the supplementation and the bioavailability by incorporation in cell membranes, is a big limiting factor to the success of the nutra-therapy. We are aware of the fact that several nutritional factors have been outlined for their importance in the pathobiology of autism 38 , and the puzzle of ASD influencing factors cannot be limited to lipids, while addressing the deficit of essential components like DHA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High predictive values of RBC membrane-based diagnostics by biophotonics in an integrated approach for Autism Spectrum Disorders

Giacometti

Ferreri

Sansone

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Membranes attract attention in medicine, concerning lipidome composition and fatty acid correlation with neurological diseases. Hyperspectral dark field microscopy (HDFM), a biophotonic imaging using reflectance spectra, provides accurate characterization of healthy adult RBC identifying a library of 8 spectral end-members. Here we report hyperspectral RBC imaging in children affected by Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) (n = 21) compared to healthy age-matched subjects (n = 20), investigating if statistically significant differences in their HDFM spectra exist, that can comprehensively map a membrane impairment involved in disease. A significant difference concerning one end-member (spectrum 4) was found (P value = 0.0021). A thorough statistical treatment evidenced: i) diagnostic performance by the receiving operators curve (ROC) analysis, with cut-offs and very high predictive values (P value = 0.0008) of spectrum 4 for identifying disease; ii) significant correlations of spectrum 4 with clinical parameters and with the RBC membrane deficit of the omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in ASD patients; iii) by principal component analysis, very high affinity values of spectrum 4 to the factor that combines behavioural parameters and the variable “cc” discriminating cases and controls. These results foresee the use of biophotonic methodologies in ASD diagnostic panels combining with molecular elements for a correct neuronal growth.

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“…Toddlers at risk of ASDs are not uncommon in India as a recent study found that between the age of 16-24 months, 5.5% were at risk on culturally adapted Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers-Revised (MCHAT-R) and 2.7% on shortened 7-question M-CHAT R ("Best Seven") [16]. In addition, siblings of children with ASDs should be routinely screened for the presence of ASDs as prevalence of ASDs in siblings of Indian children with Autism in a recent study was 4.97% [17]. Being a complex neurodevelopmental disorder and in the absence of a biologic markers, ASDs are diagnosed based on behaviors instead of medical tests and requires the examining clinician to have unique skills and experience in identifying those behavioral phenotype [18].…”

Section: Journal Of Childhood and Developmental Disorders Issn 2472-1786mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinico-Socio Demographic Profile of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kashmir, India

Bhat¹,

Hussain²,

Qadir³

et al. 2019

J Child Dev Disord

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Background: In spite of advances in assessment and management of patients with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) in west, developing countries including India are lagging far behind in child psychiatry, let alone ASDs. The aims of our study were to find the socio-demographic and clinical profile of children with ASDs in a child psychiatry unit. Methods and Materials: This was a Cross sectional observational descriptive study conducted in Outpatient child psychiatry clinic. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to record the socio-demographic status. The diagnosis of ASDs was made on the basis of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision (DSM IV-TR) after a thorough clinical assessment which was also confirmed by consultant in charge child psychiatry. Intelligence quotient was assessed by clinical psychologist. Descriptive statistical analysis was done and presented as frequencies and percentages. Results: A total of 55 patients were diagnosed with ASDs. Most of the patients were less than 9 years with 52.73% in 4-7 years age group and 21.82% in 7-9 year age group. Males (78.18%) outnumbered females. 52.73% belonged to Nuclear Family and 63.63% were from rural background. 70.91% were staying at home. Autism was the most frequent diagnosis in 61.82% of the patients followed by Pervasive Developmental Disorder not otherwise specified (PDD NOS) in 30.91%. Co-morbid mental retardation (MR) was present in 47(85.45%) of our subjects. Conclusion: 10.4% of children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders were having ASDs with autistic disorder and PDD NOS representing more than 90% of these cases. Despite the growing global attention for inclusive education to these children, only 3% of our cases were receiving inclusive education and about 70% of cases were staying at home.

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Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Siblings of Indian Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Autism Spectrum disorders (ASD) in South Asia: a systematic review

Autism Spectrum disorders (ASD) in South Asia: a systematic review

High predictive values of RBC membrane-based diagnostics by biophotonics in an integrated approach for Autism Spectrum Disorders

Clinico-Socio Demographic Profile of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kashmir, India

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