Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder and autistic traits in children with anorexia nervosa and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder

Inoue, Takeshi; Otani, Ryoko; Iguchi, Tetsuhiro; Ishii, Ryuta; Uchida, Soh; Okada, Ayumi; Kitayama, Shinya; Koyanagi, Kenshi; Suzuki, Yuki; Suzuki, Yuichi; Sumi, Yoshino; Takamiya, Shizuo; Tsurumaru, Yasuko; Nagamitsu, Shinichiro; Fukai, Yoshimitsu; Fujii, Chikako; Matsuoka, Michiko; Iwanami, Junpei; Wakabayashi, Akio; Sakuta, Ryoichi

doi:10.1186/s13030-021-00212-3

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 66 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Other data from separate geographical locations support similar prevalence rates [49][50][51][52], although other estimates of anxiety disorder comorbidity have been higher at ~55-85% of patients [53]. Features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are also highly prevalent in AN, with one study finding a 16.3% prevalence in a sample of 92 participants [54].…”

Section: Anorexia Nervosamentioning

confidence: 89%

Ketamine as a Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a highly complex disorder to treat, especially in severe and enduring cases. Whilst the precise aetiology of the disorder is uncertain, malnutrition and weight loss can contribute to reductions in grey and white matter of the brain, impairments in neuroplasticity and neurogenesis and difficulties with cognitive flexibility, memory and learning. Depression is highly comorbid in AN and may be a barrier to recovery. However, traditional antidepressants are often ineffective in alleviating depressive symptoms in underweight patients with AN. There is an urgent need for new treatment approaches for AN. This review gives a conceptual overview for the treatment of AN with ketamine. Ketamine has rapid antidepressant effects, which are hypothesised to occur via increases in glutamate, with sequelae including increased neuroplasticity, neurogenesis and synaptogenesis. This article provides an overview of the use of ketamine for common psychiatric comorbidities of AN and discusses particular safety concerns and side effects. Potential avenues for future research and specific methodological considerations are explored. Overall, there appears to be ample theoretical background, via several potential mechanisms, that warrant the exploration of ketamine as a treatment for adults with AN.

show abstract

Section: Anorexia Nervosamentioning

confidence: 89%

Ketamine as a Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A surprising variety of different eating-associated abnormalities afflict children and adolescents who have received a diagnosis of autism. The eating and feeding disorders described span from the more "canonical" EDs (i.e., AN, BN, and BED) to rumination disorder, picky eating, avoidant/restrictive food disorder (ARFID) as well as Pica (i.e., insistent eating of nonfood substances) (American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), 2012; American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Fields et al, 2021;Inoue et al, 2021). For this reason, these aspects are suggested but not further developed in the present work, hoping that other studies will address in the next future the fascinating issue of multiple dietary approach in ASD (e.g., gluten-free diet or ketogenic diet) and parallel impact on eCB system/gut microbiota interplay.…”

Section: Gut Microbial Composition and Ecb Signaling: The Powerful Ro...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Endocannabinoids-Microbiota Partnership in Gut-Brain Axis Homeostasis: Implications for Autism Spectrum Disorders

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The latest years have witnessed a growing interest towards the relationship between neuropsychiatric disease in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and severe alterations in gut microbiota composition. In parallel, an increasing literature has focused the attention towards the association between derangement of the endocannabinoids machinery and some mechanisms and symptoms identified in ASD pathophysiology, such as alteration of neural development, immune system dysfunction, defective social interaction and stereotypic behavior. In this narrative review, we put together the vast ground of endocannabinoids and their partnership with gut microbiota, pursuing the hypothesis that the crosstalk between these two complex homeostatic systems (bioactive lipid mediators, receptors, biosynthetic and hydrolytic enzymes and the entire bacterial gut ecosystem, signaling molecules, metabolites and short chain fatty acids) may disclose new ideas and functional connections for the development of synergic treatments combining “gut-therapy,” nutritional intervention and pharmacological approaches. The two separate domains of the literature have been examined looking for all the plausible (and so far known) overlapping points, describing the mutual changes induced by acting either on the endocannabinoid system or on gut bacteria population and their relevance for the understanding of ASD pathophysiology. Both human pathology and symptoms relief in ASD subjects, as well as multiple ASD-like animal models, have been taken into consideration in order to provide evidence of the relevance of the endocannabinoids-microbiota crosstalk in this major neurodevelopmental disorder.

show abstract

“…The exact prevalence of ARFID in the general population is unknown, but likely lies in the range of 0.5–5%, both in children [ 5 – 8 ] and adults [ 9 – 12 ]. Prevalence estimates from clinical eating disorder (ED) populations range from 1.5 to 64% [ 13 – 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How genetic analysis may contribute to the understanding of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID)

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) was introduced in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Unlike anorexia nervosa, ARFID is characterised by avoidant or restricted food intake that is not driven by weight or body shape-related concerns. As with other eating disorders, it is expected that ARFID will have a significant genetic risk component; however, sufficiently large-scale genetic investigations are yet to be performed in this group of patients. This narrative review considers the current literature on the diagnosis, presentation, and course of ARFID, including evidence for different presentations, and identifies fundamental questions about how ARFID might fit into the fluid landscape of other eating and mental disorders. In the absence of large ARFID GWAS, we consider genetic research on related conditions to point to possible features or mechanisms relevant to future ARFID investigations, and discuss the theoretical and clinical implications an ARFID GWAS. An argument for a collaborative approach to recruit ARFID participants for genome-wide association study is presented, as understanding the underlying genomic architecture of ARFID will be a key step in clarifying the biological mechanisms involved, and the development of interventions and treatments for this serious, and often debilitating disorder.

show abstract

Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder and autistic traits in children with anorexia nervosa and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder

Cited by 29 publications

References 66 publications

Ketamine as a Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa: A Narrative Review

Ketamine as a Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa: A Narrative Review

The Endocannabinoids-Microbiota Partnership in Gut-Brain Axis Homeostasis: Implications for Autism Spectrum Disorders

How genetic analysis may contribute to the understanding of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About