Prevalence of Australia Antigen (HBsAg) in Institutionalised Patients with Psychosis

Chandra, Sudam; Augustine, M

doi:10.1192/bjp.164.4.542

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…HBV infection was slightly lower in females than males in our study, and this result agrees with that reported by Chang et al [12]. With respect to clinical diagnosis, risk groups for HBV infection include chronic schizophrenia patients [18], and institutionalized psychotic patients [19]. Nevertheless, frequencies of schizophrenia patients and psychotic patients were not statistically different in HBV positive and HBV negative patients of our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Untitled

Esquivel

Valenzuela

M³

et al. 2005

Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health

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BackgroundThe epidemiology of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in psychiatric patients from developing countries is poorly studied. Therefore, we sought to determine the frequency of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV surface antibody (HBsAb) serological markers of HBV infection in a population of patients of a psychiatric hospital in Durango City, Durango, Mexico, and to determine whether there are any epidemiological characteristics of the subjects associated with the infection.MethodsOut of 150 patients of the psychiatric hospital of Durango City, 99 were examined for HBsAg and HBsAb by AUSZYME MONOCLONAL (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA) assay and AUSAB (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA) assay, respectively. Epidemiological data from each participant was also obtained. For comparison purposes, 2505 blood donors were examined for HBsAg seropositivity.ResultsOut of the 99 patients studied, twelve showed serological evidence of HBV infection (12.1%); 7 of them (7.1%) were positive for HBsAg, and 5 (5.1%) were positive for HBsAb. Out of the 2505 blood donors, 2 (0.0008%) were HBsAg positive. Seropositivity to HBV markers was associated with an age of 45 years and older (OR = 4.27; 95%CI = 1.02–18.78). Other characteristics as gender, number of hospitalizations, duration of the last hospitalization, and clinical diagnosis were not associated with seropositivity to HBV infection markers. Patients showed a significantly higher HBsAg seropositivity than blood donors (p < 0.0000001)ConclusionHBV was found to be an important infectious agent in the Mexican psychiatric inpatient population studied. Health care strategies for prevention and control of HBV infection in psychiatric hospitals should pay special attention to patients aged forty-five years and older.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Untitled

Esquivel

Valenzuela

M³

et al. 2005

Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health

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“…Although less research on hepatitis in psychiatric disorders has been carried out, studies from Jordan (45), India (46), USA (36), Italy (47), Turkey (48), and Japan (49) also showed an increased prevalence of hepatitis in people with schizophrenia compared to the general population.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical illness and schizophrenia: a review of the literature

Leucht

Burkard

Henderson³

et al. 2007

Acta Psychiatr Scand

560

358

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Sartorius N. Physical illness and schizophrenia: a review of the literature.Objective: The lifespan of people with schizophrenia is shortened compared to the general population. We reviewed the literature on comorbid physical diseases in schizophrenia to provide a basis for initiatives to fight this unacceptable situation. Method: We searched MEDLINE (1966( -May 2006 combining the MeSH term of schizophrenia with the 23 MeSH terms of general physical disease categories to identify relevant epidemiological studies. Results: A total of 44 202 abstracts were screened. People with schizophrenia have higher prevalences of HIV infection and hepatitis, osteoporosis, altered pain sensitivity, sexual dysfunction, obstetric complications, cardiovascular diseases, overweight, diabetes, dental problems, and polydipsia than the general population. Rheumatoid arthritis and cancer may occur less frequently than in the general population. Eighty-six per cent of the studies came from industrialized countries limiting the generalizability of the findings. Conclusion: The increased frequency of physical diseases in schizophrenia might be on account of factors related to schizophrenia and its treatment, but undoubtedly also results from the unsatisfactory organization of health services, from the attitudes of medical doctors, and the social stigma ascribed to the schizophrenic patients. Summations• According to this review it has been known for decades that incidences physical diseases are frequent in schizophrenia. Nevertheless, some areas such as infectious diseases have not been sufficiently studied.• Psychiatrists are often not trained well enough in the detection and treatment of physical diseases.They must be aware of the frequent medical comorbidities and should play a more active role in their diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.• Other necessary strategies include the education of patients, general practitioners and of doctors working in other medical specialities. The access to medical care of the mentally ill also needs to be improved, among others, by reducing the stigma associated with mental disorders. Considerations• The review covered a broad area of research accordingly, focusing attention to details has not been possible.• Despite the broad search strategy, studies not covered by MEDLINE or not indexed by the MeSH term of schizophrenia could have been missed. • Due to considerable differences in the design and quality of the studies in assorted and diverse areas, quantitative approaches using meta-analysis were not possible, but should be the target of future reviews focusing.

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“…Across different continents, markedly elevated rates of hepatitis virus infection have been reported in persons with SMI compared to the general population 364,396,397,398,399,400,401,402,403. The largest study to date found prevalence rates of hepatitis B virus (23.4%) and hepatitis C virus (19.6%) in SMI patients to be approximately 5 and 11 times the overall estimated population rates for these infections.…”

Section: Physical Diseases Linked To Smi And/or Psychotropic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%