Prevalence of anxiety in adults with diabetes

Grigsby, Allison B.; Anderson, Ryan J.; Freedland, Kenneth E.; Clouse, Ray E.; Lustman, Patrick J.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(02)00417-8

Cited by 543 publications

(412 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…However, there is no synthesis that tells us whether diabetes might be linked with a greater risk of developing anxiety. Previous meta‐analyses and systematic reviews indicate that people with diabetes have an increased likelihood of concurrent anxiety 17, 18, however we do not know if diabetes is associated with an increased risk of developing incident anxiety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Investigating the longitudinal association between diabetes and anxiety: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

2018

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AimPrevious research has indicated an association between diabetes and anxiety. However, no synthesis has determined the direction of this association. The aim of this study was to determine the longitudinal relationship between anxiety and diabetes.MethodsWe searched seven databases for studies examining the longitudinal relationship between anxiety and diabetes. Two independent reviewers screened studies from a population aged 16 or older that examined either anxiety as a risk factor for incident diabetes or diabetes as a risk factor for incident anxiety. Studies that met eligibility criteria were put forward for data extraction and meta‐analysis.ResultsIn total 14 studies (n = 1 760 800) that examined anxiety as a risk factor for incident diabetes and two (n = 88 109) that examined diabetes as a risk factor for incident anxiety were eligible for inclusion in the review. Only studies examining anxiety as a risk factor for incident diabetes were put forward for the meta‐analysis. The least adjusted (unadjusted or adjusted for age only) estimate indicated a significant association between baseline anxiety with incident diabetes (odds ratio 1.47, 1.23–1.75). Furthermore, most‐adjusted analyses indicated a significant association between baseline anxiety and incident diabetes. Included studies that examined diabetes to incident anxiety found no association.ConclusionsThere was an association between baseline anxiety and incident diabetes. The results also indicate the need for more research to examine the direction of association from diabetes to incident anxiety. This work adds to the growing body of evidence that poor mental health increases the risk of developing diabetes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Investigating the longitudinal association between diabetes and anxiety: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

2018

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“…studies 10 Meta‐analysis: no Adult survivors in the United States and Germany 321 patients Sampling not mentioned – assessed patients following ICU discharge US and German studies Symptom checklists23–48% Diabetes Smith 2013 Search: July 2012 # incl. studies 12 Meta‐analysis: yes Adults ages 16 + years Range: 635–217,379 Sampling not mentioned/unclear Mostly North American and European studies Surveys, clinical interview(s), validated scale Prev (HADS‐A): 15–73% in diabetic patients and 19.9–43.1% in ref groups Prev of anxiety disorders (clinical interviews): 1.4–15.6% in diabetic patients; 1.6–8.8% in ref Grigsby 2002 Search: 2001 # incl. studies 18 Meta‐analysis: yes Adults ages 18 + Range: 20–634 (for diabetic subjects) Most studies based on primary care/clinical samplesStructured or semi‐structured diagnostic interviews, self‐report measures Current and lifetime prev (%) of anxiety in diabetes: GAD: 13.5, 20.5; panic: 1.2, 1.9 OCD: 1.3, 1.1; Agoraphobia: 4.6, 10.2 SP: 21.6, 24.8; SAD: 7.3, 9.3 Any phobia: 6.8, 10.4 Any anxiety disorder: 14.0, 25.8 Anxiety not otherwise specified: 26.5, 39.0 Elevated symptoms: 39.6 Higher prev of anxiety symptoms in women than in men: 55.3 vs. 32.9 No diff by diab.…”

Section: Embasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…screening instruments or measures of symptom severity (not necessarily validated for ARDS survivors) Small sample sizes Review Small number of studies 5 Diabetes Smith 2013 Search: July 2012 # incl. studies 12 Meta‐analysis: yes Individual anxiety disorders associated with diabetes Relevant confounders should be included Studies on diabetes and anxiety using accurate measurements Prospective studies to clarify directionality between anxiety and diabetes Original studies Different time frames resulting in different likelihood of capturing symptoms Measurement differences Cross‐sectional data Temporality between diabetes and anxiety Review Publication bias, language biases 10 Grigsby 2002 Search: 2001 # incl. studies 18 Meta‐analysis: yes Longitudinal studies to identify behavioral and physiological mechanisms related to anxiety in diabetes More community‐based studies to estimate anxiety prev in diabetes Assess potential moderators Studies on causal mechanisms Original studies Small sample sizes Lacking data on race/ethnicity influence on anxiety prev Differences in scales used to measure anxiety and in aggregation/reporting of results (ex.…”

Section: Embasementioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of reviews on the prevalence of anxiety disorders in adult populations

et al. 2016

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BackgroundA fragmented research field exists on the prevalence of anxiety disorders. Here, we present the results of a systematic review of reviews on this topic. We included the highest quality studies to inform practice and policy on this issue.MethodUsing PRISMA methodology, extensive electronic and manual citation searches were performed to identify relevant reviews. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were undertaken by two reviewers. Inclusion criteria consisted of systematic reviews or meta‐analyses on the prevalence of anxiety disorders that fulfilled at least half of the AMSTAR quality criteria.ResultsWe identified a total of 48 reviews and described the prevalence of anxiety across population subgroups and settings, as reported by these studies. Despite the high heterogeneity of prevalence estimates across primary studies, there was emerging and compelling evidence of substantial prevalence of anxiety disorders generally (3.8–25%), and particularly in women (5.2–8.7%); young adults (2.5–9.1%); people with chronic diseases (1.4–70%); and individuals from Euro/Anglo cultures (3.8–10.4%) versus individuals from Indo/Asian (2.8%), African (4.4%), Central/Eastern European (3.2%), North African/Middle Eastern (4.9%), and Ibero/Latin cultures (6.2%).ConclusionsThe prevalence of anxiety disorders is high in population subgroups across the globe. Recent research has expanded its focus to Asian countries, an increasingly greater number of physical and psychiatric conditions, and traumatic events associated with anxiety. Further research on illness trajectories and anxiety levels pre‐ and post‐treatment is needed. Few studies have been conducted in developing and under‐developed parts of the world and have little representation in the global literature.

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“…Diabetic patients, especially those with severe functional impairment, have more frequent symptoms of psychological depression than the general population [7][8][9][10]. One-third of all patients who develop their first diabetic foot ulcer concurrently suffer from clinical depression, and diabetic patients with minor and major depressive disorders have a three-fold hazard risk for mortality [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%