Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterococci and Escherichia coli in Meat Chicken Flocks During a Production Cycle and Egg Layer Pullets During Rearing

Obeng, Akua Serwaah; Rickard, Heather; Ndi, Olasumbo; Sexton, Margaret; Barton, Mary D.

doi:10.3923/ijps.2014.489.503

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…As most authors reported [22,44,46], erythromycin and tetracycline resistance were highly distributed in E. faecium and E. faecalis, although in different percentages. The highest resistance levels among E. faecium and E. faecalis isolates were from poultry and were comparable to European data [43].…”

Section: Antibiotic Resistance In the Types Of Products Analyzedmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Animals may acquire antibiotic resistant bacteria from the first moments of their life. Obeng et al [44] concluded that, in chickens, a para-vertical transmission from egg shells to chicks could exist during hatching as a contamination through feeds. In fact, they found antibiotic resistant Enterococci from chicks of 3 days and older and, almost always, they observed an increasing trend of antibiotic resistance as chicks aged.…”

Section: Antibiotic Resistance In the Types Of Products Analyzedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amaechi and Nwankwo [45] found percentages of antibiotic resistance in Enterococci from poultry higher than ours (Table 3): 21.8% to ciprofloxacin, 71.2% to erythromycin, and 76.7% to chloramphenicol. Very different antibiotic resistance percentages are probably due to different selections of bacteria caused by different legislation in various countries regarding the use of nontherapeutic antimicrobial growth promoters in animal feed [22,44,45].…”

Section: Antibiotic Resistance In the Types Of Products Analyzedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance in Enterococci: A 14 Year Survey

Calonico¹,

Pesavento²,

Delfino³

et al. 2018

JFNR

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Enterococci are leading causes of nosocomial bacteremia, surgical wound and urinary tract infections. They are ubiquitous bacteria commonly occurring in foods, and in recent years there has been increased attention towards multidrug strains incidence, since they may cause the failure of therapeutic treatments. Therefore, we analyzed the occurrence of Enterococcus species isolated from raw meat (beef, chicken and pork), cheese, and ready-to-eat salads, and the change of the antibiotic resistance in Enterococcus faecium and E. faecalis strains in a 14 year survey. Among the 589 Enterococcus strains, E. faecium and E. faecalis represented the most numerous species in all types of food examined (42.8% and 38.7% respectively). Antibiotic resistance and number of Multi Drug Resistant strains have increased, reaching very high levels from 2002 to 2015. In the last two years, E. faecalis isolates sometimes reached percentages of resistance higher than 40% against tetracycline, vancomycin, linezolid, erythromycin, and ampicillin. Antibiotic resistance in E. faecium was lower than in E. faecalis for almost all antimicrobials tested. The highest percentage of resistance in 2014-2015 was registered for erythromycin (42.5%), followed by tetracycline (30%), ciprofloxacin, and linezolid (both 27.5%). The number of resistant phenotypes also increased during this survey in both species to more than 20 in 2014-2015. Despite the fact that Enterococcus spp. do not represent a problem for immunocompetent individuals, surveillance of antibiotic resistance in this kind of microorganism continues to be important because, as shown in our results, antibiotic resistance has sharply increased in recent years.

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Section: Antibiotic Resistance In the Types Of Products Analyzedmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Antibiotic Resistance In the Types Of Products Analyzedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antibiotic Resistance In the Types Of Products Analyzedmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance in Enterococci: A 14 Year Survey

Calonico¹,

Pesavento²,

Delfino³

et al. 2018

JFNR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Previous Australian studies, which investigated antimicrobial resistance in commensal organisms in poultry, identified similar resistances Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (DAFF), 2007;Obeng et al, 2012;Obeng et al, 2014). The widespread and continuous use of these antimicrobials in Australia, as well as residual environmental contamination, may explain the persistence of antimicrobial resistance among E. coli isolates sourced from broiler chickens (Walsh and Fanning, 2008).…”

Section: Investigating the Prevalence Of Carriage Of Avian Pathogenicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few Australian studies have performed molecular characterisation of virulence, phylogroups and AMR in E. coli strains isolated from broiler chickens (Obeng et al, 2012;Obeng et al, 2014) The first aim of the current study was to determine and compare the antimicrobial susceptibility profile, phylogenetic group, virulence and plasmid replicon profiles of CEC and FEC isolates cultured from Australian commercial broiler chickens. The second aim was to identify the association between AMR and plasmid replicons, APEC related VGs and the phylogenetic groups of CEC and FEC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Awawdeh¹,

Turni²,

Henning³

et al.

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Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the causative agent of avian colibacillosis, a localised or systemic infection resulting in clinical diseases such as colisepticemia, chronic respiratory disease and swollen-head syndrome. Globally, avian colibacillosis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in poultry, and it has been associated with massive economic losses and welfare problems.This organism is of public health significance as APEC is communicable to humans. The diagnosis of avian colibacillosis relies on clinical signs, typical pathological lesions and culture of E. coli from affected tissue(s). Antimicrobial therapy is often used both for treatment and control. Previous overseas studies have characterised APEC and identified virulence genes (VGs) that can be used as molecular markers for the identification of APEC. Little is known about APEC in broiler chickens in Australia.The aim of this thesis was to gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of APEC in Australian broiler flocks and how factors including presence of VGs and phylogenetic group can improve the identification of this pathotype in Australia. Firstly, three faecal DNA extraction methods were evaluated. Faeces were collected from healthy chickens and chickens with colibacillosis from commercial broiler farms in South East Queensland (SEQ). The extracted DNA was screened by a pentaplex-PCR for five APEC-associated VGs (iroN, iutA, iss, hlyF and ompT). DNA extracted from E. coli isolates cultured from the cloaca and organs of the birds were screened using the same PCR.Repeated bead beating plus column elution was the preferred DNA extraction method, as it yielded good PCR quality and adequate quantity DNA. However, identifying APEC by direct detection of the five VGs from the faecal material was not feasible as all of these genes were also detected in all of the birds. However, the VGs were more commonly detected in E. coli isolates cultured from birds with colibacillosis.A cross-sectional study was performed to estimate APEC farm-level prevalence in healthy broiler chickens in SEQ and to identify potential risk factors associated with the carriage of APEC. At the farm-level, all of the 40 farms sampled were positive for APEC, that is at least one bird per farm carried APEC, while the within-farm prevalence was 63% (95% Confidence Interval: 55.8, 70.2).Higher APEC within-farm bird-level prevalence was significantly associated with the usage of well water as a source of drinking water, failure to disinfect the water line after each flock, farm visitors not showering before entering the shed, distances greater than 20 metres between the car park and the poultry shed and the presence of wild birds within 50 metres of the shed. Chlorinating the drinking water combined with automatic water filtration reduced within-farm bird-level APEC prevalence. Page | 3Therefore, based on the results concluded from the multivariable model, improving biosecurity and water treatments might reduce APEC prevalence, decrease the risk of co...

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