Prevalence of Antibody to Toxoplasma among Alaskan Natives: Relation to Exposure to the Felidae

Dr, Peterson; Mk, Cooney; Rp, Beasley

doi:10.1093/infdis/130.6.557

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Data on some potential risk factors, such as hygiene or pet exposure, were limited because of the survey design and were not evaluated in this study. Although we believe that Felidae (domestic cats and lynx) capable of excreting oocysts are rare in Nunavik, we did not formally assess their presence, and it remains possible that they could play a role in the direct transmission of T. gondii infection, even in remote northern communities (Peterson et al., 1974; Labelle et al., 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Among Nunavik Inuit (Canada)

Messier

Lévesque

Proulx

et al. 2009

Zoonoses and Public Health

108

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As a result of their intimate contact with the land and their nutritional habits, the Inuit of Nunavik are considered to be at risk from zoonotic infections. To better understand the risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection, a serosurvey was conducted in Nunavik, Québec, in September 2004. A representative sample of the Inuit adult population of Nunavik participated in this cross-sectional study (n = 917). Antibodies (IgG) against T. gondii were detected by immunoassay. Information on sociodemographic characteristics, traditional activities, domestic environment and nutrition was gathered by questionnaire and explored as variables explanatory of seropositive results. Associations found to be statistically significant in univariate analyses were assessed by multivariable logistic regression to control for confounding factors. Almost two thirds (59.8%) of the Inuit of Nunavik were found to be seropositive for T. gondii. In multivariate analyses, risk factors for seropositivity were: increasing age, gender (women > men), lower level of education, consumption of potentially contaminated water (determined by an index of risk from waterborne infections), frequent cleaning of water reservoirs, and consumption of seal meat and feathered game. There was some variation in seroprevalence between the Ungava Bay coast (52.3%) and the Hudson Bay coast (65.6%), the two main regions of Nunavik, but this variation was not significant in the multivariable logistic regression model. This cross-sectional study demonstrated high T. gondii seroprevalence in the Inuit population and revealed that age, gender, schooling and community of residence all influence serostatus in this population. Variables related to drinking water and food choices may also influence the risk of infection. These results raise important questions about T. gondii transmission in Nunavik including possible links between terrestrial and marine cycles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Among Nunavik Inuit (Canada)

Messier

Lévesque

Proulx

et al. 2009

Zoonoses and Public Health

108

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“…Several test procedures have been employed to detect T. gondii antibody in mammal sera (Peterson et al, 1974;Kocan et al, 1986;Chomel et al, 1995). The modified agglutination test (MAT) is the most sensitive and specific procedure for detection of latent T. gondii infections in domestic swine (Dubey et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serologic Survey for Toxoplasma Gondii in Lynx From Interior Alaska

Zarnke

Dubey

Hoef

et al. 2001

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Two hundred fifty-five lynx (Felis lynx) carcasses were collected from trappers in Interior Alaska (USA). Serosanguinous fluids were collected from the chest cavity of each carcass. These fluids were tested for evidence of exposure to Toxoplasma gondii by means of a modified agglutination test using formalin fixed tachyzoites and mercaptoethanol. Thirty-nine of the samples had titers greater than or equal to the threshold (Ն25). Antibody prevalence differed between areas, and was directly related to age of the host.

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“…Several serologic tests have been employed to detect T. gondii antibody in mammal sera (Peterson et al, 1974;Kocan et al, 1986;Chomel et al, 1995). The modified agglutination test (MAT) is the most sensitive procedure for detection of latent T. gondii infections in black bears (Ursus americanus) (Dubey et al, 1995a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This survey employed the indirect hemagglutination test (IHAT). Antibody prevalence was 28% in 1,572 Alaska Natives tested during the early 1970s (Peterson et al, 1974). This survey used the indirect fluorescent antibody test and the IHA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serologic Survey for Toxoplasma Gondii in Selected Wildlife Species From Alaska

Zarnke

Dubey

Kwok

et al. 2000

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Blood was collected from selected wildlife species in specific areas of Alaska (USA) during 1976-96. A modified agglutination test was used to test sera for evidence of exposure to Toxoplasma gondii. Serum antibody prevalence was 43% (62 positive of 143 tested) for black bears (Ursus americanus), 9% (11/125) for wolves (Canis lupus), 7% (22/319) for Dall sheep (Ovis dalli), 6% (14/241) for caribou (Rangifer tarandus), 1% (3/240) for moose (Alces alces), and 1% (2/241) for bison (Bison bison). A predictive model was developed to determine the effect of sex, age, location, and year of collection on antibody prevalence for each species. Prevalence was higher in older black bears, caribou, and wolves. For black bears, prevalence was highest in the southeast region of the state. For caribou, prevalence was lowest on the Alaska Peninsula.

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Prevalence of Antibody to Toxoplasma among Alaskan Natives: Relation to Exposure to the Felidae

Cited by 29 publications

References 9 publications

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Among Nunavik Inuit (Canada)

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Among Nunavik Inuit (Canada)

Serologic Survey for Toxoplasma Gondii in Lynx From Interior Alaska

Serologic Survey for Toxoplasma Gondii in Selected Wildlife Species From Alaska

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