Prevalence of antenatal depression and associated factors among pregnant women in Aneded woreda, North West Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study

Abstract

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of antenatal depression and factors associated with antenatal depression among pregnant women in Aneded woreda, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019. A community based- cross sectional study was conducted in Aneded woreda among 7 kebles’ of North-West, Ethiopia from March 16 to April 23, 2019. A total of 342 pregnant women were recruited using simple random sampling.ResultThe prevalence of antenatal depression was 15.20%. Urban residence [AOR = 6.8; 95% CI (1.97, 23.32)], marital status of being unmarried [AOR = 5.1; 95% CI (1.79, 14.63)], occupation of being government employee [AOR = 8.8; 95% CI (2.06, 37.12)] and merchant [AOR = 3.7; 95% CI (1.27, 10.91)], prim gravid [AOR = 5.3; 95% CI (2.03, 13.82)], not attend ANC follow up [AOR = 8.7; 95% CI (3.46, 21.79)], intimate partner violence [AOR = 4.5; 95% CI (1.28, 15.52)], unplanned pregnancy [AOR = 6.2; 95% CI (2.37, 16.06)], and substance use [AOR = 5.6; 95% CI (2.12, 14.92)] were significantly factors. Strengthen the risk prevention activities so important to tackle the problem of antenatal depression.

Factors associated with antenatal depression among pregnant women in Vietnam: A multisite cross-sectional survey

“…Of note, rural residence was at lower risk of antenatal depression. A previous study by Habtamu Abebe et al found that antenatal depression was seven times higher among urban women than the counterparts (Habtamu Belete et al, 2019). We hypothesized that the urban citizens get under pressure from overload work and stay in a competitive environment, which are some reasons why they suffer from depression, especially the pregnant woman.…”

Depression remains a neglected public health problem among pregnant women in Northwest Ethiopia

“…Many socio-demographic, clinical, behavioral and psychosocial factors have been reported to be associated with the occurrence and persistence of antenatal depression [19,20,[23][24][25]. More frequently reported predictors of depression during pregnancy include low income [11,16,26,27], unplanned pregnancy [6,15,19,20,23,[27][28][29][30][31], previous history of depression [15,19,20,23,24,31], history of stillbirth [20,23,32], pregnancy complications [6,27,31,33], intimate partner violence [6,11,16,22,24,28,34,35], younger age [16,20,29], poor social support [16,20,22,26,30,…”

<p>Prevalence and Associated Factors of Antenatal Depressive Symptoms in Pregnant Women Living in an Urban Area of Thailand</p>

“…They found that a significant predictive factors for depression in pregnant women was physical violence from the partner. 36,38 Moreover, this finding was also confirmed by a systematic review and meta-analysis, in which pregnant women with marital conflict were 7 times more likely to develop antenatal depression. 37 In contrast, a lack of these expected supports from the partner could have impact on depressive symptoms.…”

“…Nevertheless, some prior reports from middle-income countries showed as high a prevalence as in low-income countries; for example, 35.7% in India, 32 40.8% in Pakistan, 33 28.4% in China, 34 and 27.5% in Turkey. 21 On the other hand, some reports from low-income countries showed low prevalence; for example, 10.7% in Malawi 35 and 15.2–24.2% in Ethiopia, 36–38 This discrepancy in prevalence between countries may be due to the differences in study methodology, study setting, depression screening tool, culture, socio-economic and socio-demographic variation between regions.…”

“…Nevertheless, some prior reports from middleincome countries showed as high a prevalence as in lowincome countries; for example, 35.7% in India, 32 40.8% in Pakistan, 33 28.4% in China, 34 and 27.5% in Turkey. 21 On the other hand, some reports from low-income countries showed low prevalence; for example, 10.7% in Malawi 35 and 15.2-24.2% in Ethiopia, [36][37][38] This discrepancy in prevalence between countries may be due to the differences in study methodology, study setting, depression screening tool, culture, socio-economic and socio-demographic variation between regions. In this study, significant associations were seen between divorce, low income, financial insufficiency, extended family, previous abortion, previous pregnancy complications, alcohol use, tobacco use, substance abuse, marital conflict, and family conflict and antenatal depression.…”