Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in Central Sri Lanka: the Kandy Eye Study

Sia, David; Edussuriya, Kapila; Sennanayake, Saman; Senaratne, Tissa; Selva, Dinesh; Casson, Robert J.

doi:10.3109/09286586.2010.483753

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Of these, we applied the inclusion and exclusion criteria and identified 30 articles from 23 population-based studies reporting glaucoma prevalence in Asia for inclusion in the meta-analysis (see online supplementary tables S1 and S2). In brief, there were 10 studies from East Asia (China,28–35 Japan,36–38 South Korea39 40 and Mongolia41), 9 studies from South-Central Asia (India,42–47 Nepal,48 Iran49 and Sri Lanka50 51), 5 studies from South East Asia (Singapore,52–54 Myanmar55 56 and Thailand57) and 1 study from West Asia (Qatar) 58. POAG data were extracted from 23 articles, of which 20 consisted of data stratified by age and 17 comprised data stratified by both age and gender.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glaucoma in Asia: regional prevalence variations and future projections

et al. 2015

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glaucoma in Asia: regional prevalence variations and future projections

et al. 2015

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“…Longer ocular axial length has been associated with OAG [ 37 , 47 ]. In the Nigeria Blindness Survey axial length was longer in OAG eyes and was significantly associated with OAG, but this was not an independent risk factor after adjusting for age, IOP and other variables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for open-angle glaucoma in Nigeria: results from the Nigeria National Blindness and Visual Impairment Survey

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe glaucoma-specific blindness prevalence in Nigeria (0.7 %, 95 % CI 0.6–0.9 %) among those aged ≥40 years is one of the highest ever reported. This study determined the risk factors for open-angle glaucoma (OAG) in adults examined in the Nigeria National Blindness and Visual Impairment Survey.MethodsA nationally representative sample of 13,591 people aged ≥40 years in 305 clusters in Nigeria were examined (response rate 90.4 %) between January 2005 to June 2007. Everyone had logMAR visual acuity measurement, Frequency Doubling Technology (FDT) visual field testing, autorefraction, A-scan biometry and optic disc assessment. Full ocular examination (n = 6397), included Goldmann applanation tonometry. Values for defining glaucoma using International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology criteria were derived from the study population. Disc images were graded by Moorfields Eye Hospital Reading Centre. Socio-demographic factors (age, gender, ethnicity, literacy and place of residence), ocular parameters (intraocular pressure [IOP], axial length and mean ocular perfusion pressure [MOPP]) and systemic parameters (blood pressure, blood glucose and body mass index [BMI]) were assessed for association with OAG.ResultsThirteen thousand eighty-one (96 %) of 13,591 participants had vertical cup:disc ratio measured in at least one eye. 682 eyes of 462 participants were classified as OAG, with 12,738 controls. In univariate analyses the following were associated with OAG: increasing age, male gender, Igbo and Yoruba ethnic groups, illiteracy, longer axial length, higher IOP, lower MOPP, greater severity of hypertension and low BMI (underweight). In multivariate analysis, increasing age (odds ratio [OR] 1.04, 95 % CI 1.03–1.05), higher IOP (OR 1.22, 95 % CI 1.18–1.25) and Igbo ethnicity (OR 1.73, 95 % CI 1.18–2.56) were independent risk factors for OAG.ConclusionCase detection strategies for OAG should be improved for those aged ≥40 years and for ethnic groups most at risk as a public health intervention.

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“…A series of disease-related risk factors was identified in the literature (based on systematic literature reviews [1, 21]). Myopia [22–29] is found to increase the risk of glaucoma diseases, as well as hypertension, vasospasm, hypotension, and retinal vascular occlusion [30–34]. Increased risk of glaucoma was also reported for migraine [35, 36], injuries of the eye, and the orbit and degeneration of the iris and the ciliary body [37, 38], sleep apnea [39], and diabetes mellitus [34, 40, 41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, incidence, and risk factors of primary open-angle glaucoma - a cohort study based on longitudinal data from a German public health insurance

et al. 2019

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Background This study estimates the prevalence and incidence rates of primary open -angle glaucoma (POAG) as well as risk factors based on a dataset from the largest German health insurance company. Methods A random sample of 250,000 persons at age 50+ of the Allgemeine Ortskrankenkasse (AOK) from 2010 to 2013 was used. Selected risk factors of POAG incidence were analyzed using multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. Results The age-standardized prevalence of POAG at age 50+ in 2010 was 2.79% (95%-CI: 2.72–2.85%). The age-standardized total incidence rate was 0.38 (0.36–0.39) per 100 person-years. Sex differences were significant for total prevalence and total incidence rates, with higher prevalence and incidence rates for women compared to men. The Cox model revealed a strong age effect, a significantly 19% higher incidence for women ( p ≤ 0.001), injuries of the eye and orbit (175%, p ≤ 0.001), degeneration of iris and ciliary body (155%, p = 0.022), myopia (155%, p ≤ 0.001), retinal vascular occlusions (134%, p ≤ 0.001), hypertension (13%, p ≤ 0.001) and diabetes mellitus (23%, p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion Health claims data are an important data source for estimating POAG occurrence and help overcome the problems of small sample sizes. These results may help to understand the causal pathways of POAG and to develop intervention strategies to increase the awareness of patients and physicians with the aim of reducing POAG incidence. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-019-6935-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in Central Sri Lanka: the Kandy Eye Study

Abstract: The prevalence of POAG in the population aged >or=40 years in central Sri Lanka was 2.3%. POAG in this population was independently associated with increasing age, IOP and axial length.

Cited by 24 publications

References 28 publications

Glaucoma in Asia: regional prevalence variations and future projections

Glaucoma in Asia: regional prevalence variations and future projections

Risk factors for open-angle glaucoma in Nigeria: results from the Nigeria National Blindness and Visual Impairment Survey

Prevalence, incidence, and risk factors of primary open-angle glaucoma - a cohort study based on longitudinal data from a German public health insurance

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