Prevalence of and risk factors for intraoperative gastroesophageal reflux and postanesthetic vomiting and diarrhea in dogs undergoing general anesthesia

Torrente, Carlos; Vigueras, I Toledo; Manzanilla, Edgar García; Villaverde, Cecilia; Fresno, Laura; Carvajal, Bibiana; Fiñana, M S Gómez; Costa‐Farré, Cristina

doi:10.1111/vec.12613

Cited by 33 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Increased surgical and anesthetic times have been associated with complications in both the human and veterinary literature, although they were not apparent in this study 15‐18 . Therefore, performing immediate surgical intervention may result in less complex surgical procedures and decreased surgical and anesthetic duration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Increased surgical and anesthetic times have been associated with complications in both the human and veterinary literature, although they were not apparent in this study. [15][16][17][18] Therefore, performing immediate surgical intervention may result in less complex surgical procedures and decreased surgical and anesthetic duration. Moreover, dogs that were taken to surgery immediately started eating sooner and were discharged earlier compared with dogs that had delayed surgical intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Outcomes of dogs undergoing immediate or delayed surgical treatment for gastrointestinal foreign body obstruction: A retrospective study by the Society of Veterinary Soft Tissue Surgery

et al. 2020

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Objective: To evaluate gastrointestinal injury and outcomes between dogs treated with immediate surgical intervention vs those treated with delayed surgical intervention for gastrointestinal foreign body obstruction (GIFBO). Study design: Retrospective cohort study. Sample population: Client-owned dogs (n = 855) from five referral hospitals. Methods: Medical records of dogs in which GIFBO had been diagnosed between 2007 and 2017 were reviewed for preoperative management, timing of surgery, intraoperative findings, postoperative management, outcome, and survival. Surgical intervention was classified as immediate when it occurred within 6 hours of presentation and delayed when it occurred >6 hours after presentation. Results: Outcomes did not differ between dogs treated immediately (n = 584) or over 6 hours after presentation (n = 210). Intestinal necrosis and perforations were more common when surgery was delayed (P = .008; P = .019) but became nonsignificant after controlling for preoperative differences. Risk factors for necrosis and perforations included duration of clinical signs, increased lactate, linear foreign material, and timing of surgery. Enterectomies (P = .004) as well as the duration of surgery (P = .004) and anesthesia (P = .001) were increased when surgery was delayed. Immediate surgery was associated with earlier return to feeding (P = .004) and discharge from the hospital (P < .001); (5%) dogs in each group (n = 33 immediate; n = 11 delayed) either had a negative explore or the foreign body was milked aborally into the colon at the time of surgery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes of dogs undergoing immediate or delayed surgical treatment for gastrointestinal foreign body obstruction: A retrospective study by the Society of Veterinary Soft Tissue Surgery

et al. 2020

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“…The incidence of GER has been reported as 10%–55% in dogs and as high as 50% in cats under anesthesia for dentistry procedures. 28 – 30 Therefore, prevention of anesthesia-associated GER, in addition to vomiting, would also improve patient morbidity and mortality. Johnson evaluated the effect of IV maropitant on the incidence of vomiting and GER in dogs premedicated with hydromorphone and acepromazine.…”

Section: Effects Of Maropitant On Gastroesophageal Refluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spotlight on the perioperative use of maropitant citrate

Kraus¹

2017

VMRR

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Neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptors are present in both the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Substance P (SP) is the major ligand and is involved in multiple processes including pain transmission, vasodilation, modulation of the inflammatory response, as well as the sensory neuronal transmission involved in stress, anxiety, and emesis. The involvement of NK-1 and SP in the vomiting reflex has led to the development of NK-1 antagonists to prevent and treat vomiting in human and veterinary medicine. Maropitant is a potent, selective neurokinin (NK-1) receptor antagonist that blocks the pharmacologic action of SP in the central nervous system. Maropitant is available in both an injectable and tablet formulation and approved for use in dogs and cats for the treatment and prevention of vomiting from a variety of clinical causes and motion sickness. When administered prior to anesthetic premedication, maropitant prevents or significantly decreases the incidence of opioid-induced vomiting and signs of nausea in dogs and cats. Maropitant has also been shown to improve postoperative return to feeding and food intake in dogs. The minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurage is decreased in both dogs and cats by maropitant, indicating a potential role as an adjunct analgesic, especially for visceral pain. This article will review the background information and literature, including clinical recommendations with respect to the perioperative use of maropitant in canine and feline veterinary patients.

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“…, Torrente et al . ). Complications seen in patients with abnormal motility include aspiration pneumonia, oesophagitis and increased risk of bacterial translocation and sepsis, all of which are significant morbidities that can lead to increased length of hospital stay and treatment costs, and may result in patient mortality (Pearson et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Visceral motility disorders of the oesophagus, stomach and small and large intestines are commonly associated with critically ill patients and those undergoing sedation, general anaesthesia and operative procedures (Galatos & Raptopoulos 1995a, Galatos & Raptopoulos 1995b, De Miguel Garcia et al 2013, Whitehead et al 2016, Anagnostou et al 2017, Torrente et al 2017. Complications seen in patients with abnormal motility include aspiration pneumonia, oesophagitis and increased risk of bacterial translocation and sepsis, all of which are significant morbidities that can lead to increased length of hospital stay and treatment costs, and may result in patient mortality (Pearson et al 1978, Cotton & Smith 1984, Harai et al 1995, Leib et al 2001, Adamama-Moraitou et al 2002, Adami et al 2011, Whitehead et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal effects following acupuncture at Pericardium‐6 and Stomach‐36 in healthy dogs: a pilot study

Radkey

Writt

Snyder

et al. 2018

J of Small Animal Practice

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Objectives To quantify changes in gastric and intestinal emptying times in the conscious dog following gastrointestinal acupoint stimulation. Materials and Methods In a randomised, blinded crossover study, six dogs were fed 30×1.5 mm barium‐impregnated polyethylene spheres and underwent: (1) no acupuncture (Control); (2) stimulation of target points PC6 and ST36 (Target) and (3) stimulation of non‐target points LU7 and BL55 (Sham). Abdominal radiographs were assessed immediately after feeding the spheres and every hour for 12 hours and their number in the stomach and large intestines was counted. Results The number of barium‐impregnated polyethylene spheres found distal to the stomach was less in the Target group compared to the Control and Sham groups between hours 2 and 4, but no differences between groups were seen for the remainder of the treatment period. The number of spheres found within the colon/rectum was less in the Target group compared to the Control and Sham groups between hours 4 and 6, and compared to the Sham group only at hour 7 but no differences between groups were seen after hour 8. Clinical Significance Acupuncture targeted at the gastrointestinal tract of dogs was associated briefly with slowed gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit time. This foundational study lays the groundwork for additional studies of acupuncture effects associated with altered physiologic states.

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Prevalence of and risk factors for intraoperative gastroesophageal reflux and postanesthetic vomiting and diarrhea in dogs undergoing general anesthesia

Abstract: GID are common in dogs undergoing general anesthesia. Duration and characteristics of the procedure, anesthetic management, and changes in certain patient variables are significant risk factors for the presence of GID in the perioperative period.

Cited by 33 publications

References 65 publications

Outcomes of dogs undergoing immediate or delayed surgical treatment for gastrointestinal foreign body obstruction: A retrospective study by the Society of Veterinary Soft Tissue Surgery

Outcomes of dogs undergoing immediate or delayed surgical treatment for gastrointestinal foreign body obstruction: A retrospective study by the Society of Veterinary Soft Tissue Surgery

Spotlight on the perioperative use of maropitant citrate

Gastrointestinal effects following acupuncture at Pericardium‐6 and Stomach‐36 in healthy dogs: a pilot study

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