Prevalence of Anaplasma Phagocytophila and Borrelia Burgdorferi in Ixodes Persulcatus Ticks From Northeastern China

Cao, Wu‐Chun; Zhao, Qin; Zhang, Pan-He; Yang, Hong; Wu, Xiaoming; Wen, Bin; Zhang, Xi-tan; Habbema, J. Dik F.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2003.68.547

Cited by 90 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This fact neither conclusively incriminates the corresponding ticks as efficient vectors nor is it evidence of the prevalence of the agent of HME outside the USA. Also, three different sequences of A. phagocytophilum have been recently detected by molecular tools in Ixodes persulcatus ticks from northeastern China and are identical to the published sequences of A. phagocytophilum responsible for human disease [27,152].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Tick- and flea-borne rickettsial emerging zoonoses

2005

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- Between 1984 and2004, nine more species or subspecies of spotted fever rickettsiae were identified as emerging agents of tick-borne rickettsioses throughout the world. Six of these species had first been isolated from ticks and later found to be pathogenic to humans. The most recent example is Rickettsia parkeri, recognized as a human pathogen more than 60 years after its initial isolation from ticks. A new spotted fever rickettsia, R. felis was also found to be associated with fleas and to be a human pathogen. Similarly, bacteria within the family Anaplasmataceae have been considered to be of veterinary importance only, yet three species have been implicated in human diseases in recent years, including Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the agent of human monocytic ehrlichiosis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the agent of human anaplasmosis (formerly known as "human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent", E. equi and E. phagocytophila), and finally Ehrlichia ewingii, which causes granulocytic ehrlichiosis in humans. We present here an overview of the various tick-and flea-borne rickettsial zoonoses described in the last 20 years, focusing on the ecological, epidemiological and clinical aspects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Tick- and flea-borne rickettsial emerging zoonoses

2005

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“…Previous studies have already shown different ranges of prevalence between adults and nymphs, for Borrelia burgdorferi [9,22], for Babesia sp. [26] and Bartonella sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of 3.3% of B. burgdorferi sensu lato PCR-positive ticks is relatively low compared with other studies probably due to the ecological habitat from where the samples were collected. Reported prevalences of B. burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks vary from 1.3% in Switzerland [5] to 55% in areas of Finland [23] with an average between 10 and 20% [9,22,29,36]. Here, we investigated a tick population living on pastures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…tick may transmit multiple pathogens [4,9,27], limited work has been carried out on co-infection with multiple pathogens in questing ticks. Testing questing ticks is of greater interest than testing engorged ticks, since the identification of bacterial DNA relates to exposure during the previous blood meal before molting, whereas bacterial DNA identified in engorged ticks may only reflect upon the presence of that organism in the blood of the host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence of Bartonella sp. in questing adult and nymphal Ixodes ricinus ticks from France and co-infection with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Babesia sp.

et al. 2005

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-Ticks are known vectors for a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms. Their role in the transmission of some others is so far only suspected. Ticks can transmit multiple pathogens, however, little is known about the co-existence of these pathogens within questing ticks. We looked for the presence of DNA from three micro-organisms, Bartonella sp., Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Babesia sp. which are known or suspected tick-borne pathogens, using a cohort of 92 questing Ixodes ricinus ticks collected from pastures in northern France. DNA was extracted from each individual tick and the presence of the three pathogens was investigated using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification. Nine among 92 samples (9.8%) demonstrated PCR products using Bartonella specific primers, 3 among 92 (3.3%) using Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato specific primers and 19 among 92 (20.6%) using Babesia specific primers. Seven among 92 samples (7.6%) were PCR positive for at least two of the pathogens and one sample was positive for all three. Adult ticks (12/18; 67%) showed significantly higher infection rates compared to nymphs (11/74; 15%) for all three pathogens (P < 0.001). This study is the demonstration of the simultaneous presence of Bartonella sp., Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Babesia sp. in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks. questing ticks / co-infection / PCR detection

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“…In 1990, A. phagocytophilum was identified as a possible cause of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) in the United States (3). In Asia, A. phagocytophilum-infected ticks, domestic animals, and wild animals have been detected in China, Russia, Korea, and Japan (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). However, till date, there is no epidemiological evidence of A. phagocytophilum infection in Taiwan.…”

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confidence: 95%

Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma bovis in Small Wild Mammals from Taichung and Kinmen Island, Taiwan

et al. 2014

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SUMMARY: A total of 138 animals from 7 species (Apodemus agrarius, Bandicota indica, Crocidura suaveolens, Mus caroli, Mus formosanus, Rattus losea, and Suncus murinus) captured in Taichung, located in central Taiwan, and Kinmen Island, an island off the shore of China, were examined for the presence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The presence of the bacteria, which causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis, was examined by nested PCR targeting the16S rDNA. Twelve animals (8.7z) from M. caroli and R. losea, and 25 (18.1z) from A. agrarius, B. indica, M. caroli, and R. losea were infected with A. phagocytophilum and Anaplasma bovis, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that partial 16S rDNA sequences in the 12 aforementioned animals showed higher similarity to the sequences related to A. phagocytophilum detected in wild rodents (Rattus and Niviventer) from southeast China. The sequences of the other 25 animals belonged to the A. bovis clade. We demonstrated that small wild mammals were infected with A. phagocytophilum and A. bovis in Taichung and Kinmen Island, Taiwan.

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Prevalence of Anaplasma Phagocytophila and Borrelia Burgdorferi in Ixodes Persulcatus Ticks From Northeastern China

Cited by 90 publications

References 33 publications

Tick- and flea-borne rickettsial emerging zoonoses

Tick- and flea-borne rickettsial emerging zoonoses

Evidence of Bartonella sp. in questing adult and nymphal Ixodes ricinus ticks from France and co-infection with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Babesia sp.

Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma bovis in Small Wild Mammals from Taichung and Kinmen Island, Taiwan

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