Prevalence of Anaemia and Its Associated Factors among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital

Abstract

Background. Anaemia is one of the commonest blood disorders seen in patients with diabetes. In Ethiopia, chronic illnesses are tremendously raising with their complications. But very little research has been conducted, particularly on anaemia among diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the prevalence of anaemia and associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods. A cross-sectional study design was employed at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from March 1 to April 15, 2019, among 372 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (T2DM). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was fitted, and the corresponding adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% CI were used to identify factors associated with anaemia. Level of significance was declared at the p value less than 0.05. Results. The study revealed 8.06% (95% CI: 5.68–11.31%) of the participants were anaemic. Being male (AOR = 2.74, CI: 1.02, 7.38), combined type of treatment (AOR = 8.38, CI: 1.66, 42.25), having diabetes-related microvascular complications (AOR = 3.24, CI: 1.14, 9.26), and hypertension (AOR = 0.01, CI: 0.002, 0.06) were the significant factors associated with anaemia. Conclusions. The finding of the current study revealed low prevalence of anaemia among T2DM patients. Sex, type of treatment, diabetes-related microvascular complications, and hypertension were factors associated with anaemia. Assessment of haemoglobin levels among T2DM patients may help to prevent ensuing microvascular complications. Incorporate anaemia screening into the routine assessment of diabetic complication particularly for those who are hypertensive and took combined treatment to allow early appreciation and treatment of anaemia and later improve the overall care of patients with diabetes.

Comparison of hematological parameters between type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and healthy controls at Dessie comprehensive specialized hospital, Northeast Ethiopia: Comparative cross-sectional study

“…On the other hand, the current prevalence was low compared to the findings reported in Brazil (34.2%), Ethiopia (30.2%), and Pakistan (63%) [ 27 , 40 , 41 ]. In contrast, this finding was high compared to the result found in Eastern Ethiopia (20.1%), and Gondar, Ethiopia (8.06%) among T2DM patients [ 42 , 43 ]. In diabetess, prolonged exposure to hyperglycaemia is directly associated with cardiovascular disease and renal disease.…”

Peripheral Cytopenia and Its Associated Factors in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients, Northwest Ethiopia

“…23,24 The finding of this study was similar to a previous study in Gondar by Kebede et al where the magnitude of anemia was 8.06%. 25 However, it is lower than studies conducted in Debre Berhan (20.1%) 26 and Debre Tabor (29.81%) 27 that reported a higher magnitude of anemia than the current study. In general, a systematic review and meta-analysis conducted by Adane et al showed that the overall magnitude of anemia was 31.12% (95% CI; 9.66, 52.58) in DM patients.…”

Anaemia and its associated factors among diabetes mellitus patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Nine published studies were included in this systematic review and meta‐analysis to estimate the pooled prevalence of anaemia in DM patients. The minimum and maximum prevalence of anaemia were 8.06% and 34.8% in Gondar 23 and Harari, 27 respectively. The overall pooled prevalence of anaemia in DM patients using the random effects model was 22.11% (95% CI: 15.83–28.39) I 2 = 94.8%.…”

“…Three regional states (provinces) of Ethiopia were represented in the studies: six studies were conducted in Amhara, [20][21][22][23][24][25] 1 study in Tigray, 26 and 2 study in Oromo regional state. 27 Six studies [21][22][23][24]26,28 had used a systematic sampling strategy while the other 3 studies 20,27 used a simple random sampling to select their representative sample. The mean age of study participants ranged from 40 to 56.3 years.…”

“…patients. The minimum and maximum prevalence of anaemia were 8.06% and 34.8% in Gondar23 and Harari,27 respectively. The overall pooled prevalence of anaemia in DM patients using the random ef-Descriptive summary of 9 included studies on the prevalence of anaemia in DM patients in Ethiopia = 86.7% and 26.34% (95% CI: 9.77-42.90) I 2 = 95.9%, respectively.…”