Prevalence of Anaemia and Associated Risk Factors among Children in North-western Uganda: A Cross Sectional Study

Legason, Ismail D.; Atiku, Alex; Ssenyonga, Ronald; Barugahare, John Banson

doi:10.1186/s12878-017-0081-0

Cited by 39 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Consequently, larger families could have a higher socio‐economic status and more resources for children, as well as a stronger social support network, important for the care of infants and toddlers at home. This finding is aligned with a recent cross‐sectional analysis in Uganda that found that larger households had higher incomes, and children living in these households had a lower probability of anaemia (Legason, Atiku, Ssenyonga, Olupot‐Olupot, & Barugahare, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Zinc deficiency associated with anaemia among young children in rural Guatemala

Palacios

Hurley

De-Ponce³

et al. 2019

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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One in four children younger than age five in Guatemala experiences anaemia (haemoglobin <11.0 g/dl). This study characterized the factors and micronutrient deficiencies associated with anaemia in a baseline cross-sectional sample of 182 Guatemalan infants/toddlers and 207 preschoolers, using generalized linear mixed models. Associations between anaemia and maternal, child and household variables, and biomarkers (soluble transferrin receptor, ferritin, zinc, folate, vitamin B12, C-reactive protein, and α1acid glycoprotein) were explored. Rates of anaemia were 56% among infants/toddlers and 12.1% among preschoolers. In children with anaemia, rates of iron deficiency (low ferritin based on inflammation status, and/or high soluble transferrin receptor, ≥1.97 mg/L) and zinc deficiency (serum zinc <65 μg/dl) were 81.1% and 53.7%, respectively.Folate deficiency (either plasma folate <3 ng/ml or erythrocyte folate <100 ng/ml) was 3.3%. Vitamin B12 deficiency (plasma vitamin B12 <148 pmol/L) was 7.5%. For infants and toddlers (<24 months), the odds ratio of anaemia was lower when higher number of adults lived in the household (OR = 0.69; 95% CI [0.53, 0.90]), and higher when children were zinc deficient (OR = 3.40; 95% CI [1.54, 7.47]). For preschoolers (36-60 months), the odds ratio of anaemia was lower for every additional month of age (OR = 0.90; 95% CI [0.81, 1.00]). Findings suggest that micronutrient deficiencies coexist in Guatemalan rural children, and zinc deficiency is associated with anaemia in children <24 months, highlighting the need of continued multidisciplinary interventions with multiple micronutrients. Further research examining how household composition, feeding practices, and accessibility to micronutrient supplements and to animal source foods is needed to incorporate strategies to improve the nutritional status of Guatemalan children.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Zinc deficiency associated with anaemia among young children in rural Guatemala

Palacios

Hurley

De-Ponce³

et al. 2019

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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“…The prevalence of anaemia was 15.4% in this study, which does not markedly differ from other studies carried out in northern Ethiopia (11%) [ 31 ], north-western Uganda 11.8% [ 32 ] and northwestern Morocco (16.2%) [ 33 ]. But it was lower than the reports from Shimbit, Ethiopia (25.8%) [ 6 ]; Jimma, Ethiopia (37.6%) [ 4 ]; Kenya (28.8%) [ 34 ]; Rwanda (30.9%) [ 35 ] and Upper Egypt (59.3%) [ 36 ].…”

Section: Main Textcontrasting

confidence: 73%

Soil-transmitted helminth infections, anemia and undernutrition among schoolchildren in Yirgacheffee, South Ethiopia

Molla

Mamo

2018

BMC Res Notes

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ObjectiveCurrent data on soil-transmitted helminth infections, anemia and malnutrition that are largely neglected is vital to the control and management of them in a specific setting. This study was, therefore, aimed at determining the status of the three health concerns in one of the high-risk groups, schoolchildren, in South Ethiopia.ResultsAmong the 443 sampled schoolchildren, 54% were infected with soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) and 15.4% of them had anaemia, while the prevalence rate of undernutrition was 28.9%. Species-wise, prevalence of STH infections was 21.7, 16.7, 7.2 and 8.4% for Ascaris lumbricoides, the hookworms, Trichuris trichiura and mixed infections, respectively. Untreated drinking water, high frequency of sucking fingernails and open defecation were significantly associated with risk of getting STH infections. Child positivity for STH infection didn’t show any significant association with undernutrition of the children. Anaemia was significantly correlated with hookworm (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.15, 4.86), A. lumbricoides (AOR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.13, 3.01) and polyparasitism (AOR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.04, 2.64). In addition, children with heavy intensities of hookworm infections and those undernourished were more likely to suffer from anaemia with P = 0.001 and P = 0.007, respectively.

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“…Low serum retinol status is an indicator of vitamin A deficiency; participants with low serum retinol concentration were 1.7 times more likely to be anaemic compared to those with normal serum retinol. e findings give support to existing knowledge that the causes of anaemia are multifactorial [36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Journal Of Nutrition and Metabolismsupporting

confidence: 86%

Contribution of Amaranthus cruentus and Solanum macrocarpon Leaves Flour to Nutrient Intake and Effect on Nutritional Status of Rural School Children in Volta Region, Ghana

Egbi

Glover-Amengor

Tohouenou

et al. 2020

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

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Background. Plant-based foods are staple diets and main micronutrient sources of most rural Ghanaian households. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Amaranthus cruentus and Solanum macrocarpon leafy vegetable flour on micronutrient intake and nutritional status of rural Ghanaian school children. Method. This study was a randomized controlled trial that consisted of baseline data collection and a three-month nutrition intervention feeding program. Two groups of 53 children, age 4–9 years, involved in the Ghana School Feeding Program took part in the study. An experimental group consumed Amaranthus cruentus and Solanum macrocarpon leaves flour (ACSMLVF) stews and soup. The control group consumed stews and soup without ACSMLVF. Haemoglobin and serum vitamin A concentrations were determined. Dietary and anthropometric data were collected and analysed. Participants were screened for malaria parasitaemia and hookworm. Results. Anaemia was present in 41.5% and 37.3%, respectively, of the intervention and control groups at baseline. It was present in 28.3% and 53.3%, respectively, at the end of the study. This was significantly different (p=0.024). There was a low vitamin A concentration in 66.0% and 64.7% at baseline and 20.8% and 23.4% at the end of the study in the intervention and control groups, respectively. The mean iron, zinc, and provitamin A (beta-carotene) intakes of the intervention group were 14.2 ± 7.1 mg, 5.7 ± 2.1 mg, and 214.5 ± 22.6 μg, respectively, at baseline. Those of the control were 13.7 ± 6.1 mg, 5.4 ± 2.1 mg, and 210.6 ± 20.1 μg, respectively. At the end of the study, the mean intake of iron, zinc, and beta-carotene for the intervention group was 24.1 ± 10.9 mg, 13.8 ± 8.2 mg, and 694.2 ± 33.1 μg, respectively. The intake of these micronutrients for the control at the end of the study was 14.8 ± 6.2 mg, 5.9 ± 2.3 mg, and 418.4 ± 34.7 μg, respectively. Conclusion. Consumption of ACSMLVF stews and soup increased iron, zinc, and beta-carotene intakes. Anaemia prevalence was lower in the intervention group at the end of the study.

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Prevalence of Anaemia and Associated Risk Factors among Children in North-western Uganda: A Cross Sectional Study

Cited by 39 publications

References 37 publications

Zinc deficiency associated with anaemia among young children in rural Guatemala

Zinc deficiency associated with anaemia among young children in rural Guatemala

Soil-transmitted helminth infections, anemia and undernutrition among schoolchildren in Yirgacheffee, South Ethiopia

Contribution of Amaranthus cruentus and Solanum macrocarpon Leaves Flour to Nutrient Intake and Effect on Nutritional Status of Rural School Children in Volta Region, Ghana

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