Prevalence of anaemia and associated factors among people with pulmonary tuberculosis in Uganda

Abstract

Anaemia predicts delayed sputum conversion and mortality in tuberculosis (TB). We determined the prevalence and factors associated with anaemia among people with TB at the National Tuberculosis Treatment Centre in Uganda. People with bacteriologically confirmed TB were consecutively enrolled in a cross-sectional study between August 2017 and March 2018. Blood samples were tested for a full blood hemogram, HIV infection, and CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell counts. Anaemia was defined as a haemoglobin level of < 13.0 grams per decilitre (g/dl) for males and < 12.0 g/dl for females. Of 358 participants, 210 (58.7%, [95% confidence interval (CI): 53.4 -63.8]) had anaemia. Anaemia was associated with night sweats, a longer duration of fever, low body mass index (BMI), hyperthermia, high sputum bacillary loads, HIV co-infection, and low CD4 and CD8 counts at bivariate analysis.Factors associated with anaemia at multivariable analysis were low BMI (odds ratio (OR) = 2.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.70-5.05, p<0.001), low CD4:CD8 ratio (OR = 2.54, 95% CI 1.07-6.04, p = 0.035), and microcytosis (OR = 4.23, 95% CI 2.17-8.25, p<0.001).Anaemia may be associated with features of severe TB disease and should be considered in TB severity scores.

Prevalence and Predictors of Anemia among Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Patients in King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah

“…Our study reveals that patients with average body weight (BMI 18 to < 24.9) are at a higher risk of anemia than other TB patients. Our outcome differs from the previous studies; those studies highlighted that malnourished TB patients have a higher risk of developing anemia [18][19][20]. This study also reveals that anemia is more common in pulmonary TB (78.78%) compared to extrapulmonary TB.…”

Profile of haematological indices among pulmonary tuberculosis patients attending Kisii teaching and referral hospital, Kenya

“…3 Developing countries, particularly in Asia and Africa, bear the brunt of TB epidemic, with high rates of HIV comorbidity, socio-economic challenges, and the emergence of drug-resistant strains contributing to the problem. 2,4 Kenya is among the countries heavily impacted by TB, with a reported prevalence of 558 cases per 100,000 individuals in 2016. 5 The highest burden of TB cases was observed in the age group of 25-34 years, with urban…”