Prevalence of amblyopia among children attending primary schools during the amblyogenic period in Minia county

Abdelrazik, Sahar T; Khalil, Mohamed F

doi:10.4103/2090-0686.150657

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Among all study participants, anisometropic amblyopia was found in 3.8% (95% CI 2.3–5.3%), ametropic amblyopia was found in 3.2% (95% CI 1.8–4.7%), strabismic amblyopia was found in 1% (95% CI 0.3–1.8%) and deprivational amblyopia was also found in 1% (95% CI 0.3–1.8). This result is in line with two studies done in India 23 , 37 and one in Gondar, Ethiopia, 21 which reported 4.8%, 6.6% and 4.7%, respectively. The similarities could be due to similarities in the operational definition for the studies done in India and similarities in the socio-demographic factors of study participants for the study that was done in Gondar, Ethiopia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Amblyopia Among School Age Children at Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Tegegne¹,

Assem²,

Merie

2021

OPTO

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Introduction: Worldwide, amblyopia prevalence among children is in the range of 0.13% to 12.9%. However, there are no known community-based data regarding amblyopia prevalence and its associated factors among school age children in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of amblyopia and to identify factors associated with amblyopia among school age children in Bahir Dar city, northwest Ethiopia. Methods and Materials: A cross-sectional study among a school age community of Bahir Dar city was conducted from April 1 to May 29, 2018. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and checklist through interview and physical examination. Bivariable logistic regression was done, and variables with p value <0.2 were entered to multivariable logistic regression using SPSS 20. Variables with p value of <0.05 in the multivariable binary logistic regression were considered as significant predictors. Results: In total 601 (94.8%) subjects participated. Amblyopia was prevalent in 6.5% of school age children in Bahir Dar city. The odds of being amblyopic among participants who had anisometropia >2D were about 9.3 times (AOR=9.35, CI: 2.86-30.60) more as compared to those who had no anisometropia. The odds of being amblyopic among participants having a refractive error >+5D hypermetropia were about 22 times (AOR=21.77, CI: 7.15-66.34) more as compared to participants who had no hypermetropia. Conclusion:The prevalence of amblyopia among school age children at Bahir Dar city is higher than the World Health Organization cut point. Having anisometropia greater than 1 diopter, anisometropia >2 diopter, having anisometropia less than 1 diopter, having a history of strabismus, having a hyperopia of > +5 diopter, > +2 diopter, having a positive history of visual deprivation and having a positive history of strabismus in the family were the significant factors positively associated with amblyopia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Amblyopia Among School Age Children at Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Tegegne¹,

Assem²,

Merie

2021

OPTO

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“…In our study, the amblyopia rate in Central Cairo was found to be 1.98%, which is very close to the Menia city in south of Egypt where it was reported to be 1.49% in primary school children [ 12 ]. They screened children of narrower age range (7–9 years) and used different screening test, Kay pictures that is not available in Egyptian primary schools [ 12 ]. They also reported a higher rate of amblyopia in rural areas (2%) compared to urban areas (1.04%), although they did not state whether this difference was significant or not.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Screening of Primary School Children for Amblyopia and Amblyogenic Factors in Central Cairo, Egypt

Rashad

Elaziz

Fawzy

et al. 2018

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Objective To measure the prevalence of amblyopia and amblyogenic factors among primary school children and to evaluate distance visual acuity (VA) as a screening test to detect amblyopia and define its cutoff value. Subjects and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on primary school children in two schools in Central Cairo. Children underwent assessment of visual acuity using Landolt broken ring. Comprehensive ophthalmologic examination was performed for amblyopia suspects at the Ophthalmology Department of Ain Shams University Hospitals, including reassessment of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) using the same chart. Results A total of 352 children were examined. Reduced screening VA (amblyopia suspect) was detected in 47 subjects (13.35%) proved amblyopia after comprehensive examination was 1.98% (7 cases). Refractive errors (REs) were present in all suspected and proved amblyopia cases (100%) but was only present in 11.6% of nonamblyopic students (P < 0.05). The prevalence of hyperopia in the whole sample was 3.6%, and was 27.6% in subjects with RE. Thirty percent of hyperopic eyes were amblyopic. The prevalence of myopia was 9.3% of the whole sample and 70% of students with RE. Only 9% of myopic eyes were amblyopic. Mild to moderate amblyopia (VA better than 0.2log MAR) was 42.9%, while severe amblyopia represented 57.1%. Conclusion This study emphasizes the importance of school-based eye care system targeting the detection of amblyopia by application of a fast screening distance VA test with a cutoff value of high sensitivity at log MAR 0.539 (Snellen′s VA equivalent 6/18).

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“…Currently, we found that the prevalence of strabismus in rural areas was higher than in urban ones. Similar results were found by Hassan et al and Abdelrazik and Khalil (1,7) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…It has been reported that the prevalence of strabismus in African children was 0.5-4.4% and in other parts of the world was 0.9-7.4% (5) . Two studies in Upper Egypt reported that the prevalence of strabismus in primary school children was 1.4% and 1.49 in Sohag City and in Minia City, respectively (6,7) while, another study in Cairo reported that it was 1.98% (8) , which was obviously lower than our obtained prevalence. Similar to our findings, Chia et al (13) found that strabismus affected females more than males and also it was more prevalent in children in the age group of less than 6 years.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

“…In Egypt, the prevalence of strabismus is underestimated in general, owing to the lack of both awareness and data. Studies reported that the prevalence of strabismus in primary school children was 1.4% in Sohag City (6) and 1.49% in Minia City (7) (both in Upper Egypt) while it was 1.98% in central Cairo (8) . Actually, there is a high prevalence of illiteracy and poverty in Upper Egypt (9) and this plays a crucial role in restricting people from getting medical care for their children and in addition, there are some traditions prevent parents from seeking treatment of strabismus for their children (especially females).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence Of Strabismus and Its Types in Pediatric Population and The Outcomes of Different Treatment Modalities

Dardyr

2022

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine

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Prevalence of amblyopia among children attending primary schools during the amblyogenic period in Minia county

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Amblyopia Among School Age Children at Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Amblyopia Among School Age Children at Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Screening of Primary School Children for Amblyopia and Amblyogenic Factors in Central Cairo, Egypt

Prevalence Of Strabismus and Its Types in Pediatric Population and The Outcomes of Different Treatment Modalities

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