Prevalence of allergic rhinitis and asthma in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and gastroesophageal reflux disease

Abstract

Background An association between chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been previously reported; however, the underlying factors linking CRS and GERD remain to be elucidated. Objective To assess the association of GERD and CRS using prospective and retrospective approaches. Methods The retrospective study comprised a large cohort of CRS cases, whereas the prospective arm evaluated a series of CRS cases and controls. Results In the retrospective arm of the study, of the 1066 patients with CRS, 112 (10.5%) had GERD. Among patients with CRS, GERD was associated with higher body mass index, older age, and female sex. The odds ratios (ORs) for asthma and allergic rhinitis in the CRS group with GERD compared with the CRS group without GERD were 2.89 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.905–4.389) and 2.021 (95% CI, 1.035–3.947). Furthermore, GERD was associated with a greater duration of CRS. Ninety patients with CRS and 81 controls were enrolled in the prospective arm of the study. In the CRS group, GERD was associated with asthma (OR, 4.77; 95% CI, 1.27–18.01). Patients with CRS and GERD had a longer duration and a younger age at onset of CRS. In controls, no association was found between GERD and asthma (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.09–5.19) or allergic rhinitis (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.05–2.59). Conclusion Patients with CRS and GERD are more likely to have atopic conditions and asthma when compared with patients with CRS but without GERD. One of the potential explanations of this link is that comorbid GERD and atopic disease are potential risk factors for development of CRS.

Risk of obstructive sleep apnea in African American patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

“…The link between CRSwNP and asthma is well established, 17,34 and it is known that the presence of nasal polyps is associated with presence and higher severity of asthma. 35 Likewise, AERD comprises the triad of asthma, aspirin hypersensitivity, and nasal polyposis and, by definition, is only seen in CRSwNP cases.…”

“…We reviewed the medical records of all patients in our previously reported large retrospective cohort of CRS. 16,17 CRS was diagnosed per the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Chronic Rhinosinusitis Task Force criteria, 18 with more than 12 weeks of continuous rhinosinusitis symptoms, along with nasal endoscopy or computed tomography demonstrating objective findings of sinusitis.…”

General illness and psychological factors in patients with chronic nasal symptoms

“…[28][29][30] Although sinonasal symptoms in the absence of quantifiable disease are extremely common, 31 no unifying hypothesis has adequately explained their generation. Certain potential explanations for individual associations are described, 30,32 but much less is written on the potential for a complex biopsychosocial interplay ( Figure 1).…”

Clinical-Diagnostic Correlations in Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR). The Role of Peptesttm

“…The correlation between LPR and auricular disorders has been reported by previous studies, even highlighting the presence of pepsin in the middle ear [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. We are absolutely convinced that this mechanism does exist, to the extent of validating an endoscopic observation characterized by hyperemia of nasopharynx and of tube torus, we have included among the endoscopic signs of LPR's suspicion.…”