Prevalence, intensity of infection and associated risk factors of soil-transmitted helminth infections among school children at Tachgayint woreda, Northcentral Ethiopia

Eyayu, Tahir; Yimer, Gashaw; Workineh, Lemma; Tiruneh, Tegenaw; Sema, Meslo; Legese, Biruk; Almaw, Andargachew; Solomon, Yenealem; Malkamu, Birhanemaskal; Chanie, Ermias Sisay; Feleke, Dejen Getaneh; Jimma, Melkamu Senbeta; Hassen, Seada; Tesfaw, Aragaw

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0266333

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Fingernail biting also increase the risk of soil transmitted helminth infection. These results were similar to those in a study carried out in Tachgayint Woreda in Northcentral Ethiopia, where fingernail status was found to be significant predictors of STH infection [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence, correlates of undernutrition and intestinal parasitic infection among children below 5 years living in the forest community of Ndelele, East Region of Cameroon: A cross-sectional assessment

et al. 2022

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In low- and middle-income countries, undernutrition often co-exists with intestinal parasites, especially Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) infections in children. The collective impact of both conditions result in undernutrition and can exacerbate the general poor health status of children. A cross-sectional survey of 422 mother-child (12–59 months old) pairs from 14 villages in the District of Ndelele, East Region of Cameroon, was carried out to assess the magnitude and correlates of undernutrition and intestinal parasites. Socio-demographic data were collected from mothers and anthropometric data were collected from children. Parasitological assessment was performed using a combination of direct microscopy flotation, sedimentation and centrifugation techniques. Correlates of undernutrition and intestinal parasites were identified using multinomial logistic regression at individual and household levels. 83.77% of the children assessed for undernutrition were undernourished and 66.82% were positive for one or more intestinal parasites. It was not uncommon for the study participants to be concurrently infected with two or more intestinal parasites. The most common intestinal parasitic infections detected in the study were A. lumbricoides, E. histolytica/dispar and Hookworm infection. Multinomial logistic regression using Nutritional status as outcome showed that, children who were not exclusively breastfed were 106% (RR = 2.06; C.I = 1.12–3.80) more likely to be underweight compared to those who were exclusively breastfed. The household size of 4 to 6 persons also significantly impacted wasting (p-value = 0.007) at 7% (RR = 1.07, C.I = 0.49–2.32). Analysis by a logistic regression model with STH infection as outcome revealed that, Fingernail cleanness (p-value = 0.044; AOR = 1.75; CI = 1.09–2.78) and household size (p-value = 0.038; AOR = 0.55; CI = 0.32–0.92) were positively associated with intestinal parasite infection at the 5% significant level. This study reveals that intestinal helminthic parasitic infections (STH) and undernutrition are serious health problems in children below five in the study area. To address this dire situation, concerted efforts are needed to improve sanitation, hygiene education access, community deworming programs, and improve diets.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence, correlates of undernutrition and intestinal parasitic infection among children below 5 years living in the forest community of Ndelele, East Region of Cameroon: A cross-sectional assessment

et al. 2022

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“…As a result, vast numbers of eggs are discharged into the human environment daily. Furthermore, the hard nature of these eggs to resist adverse environmental conditions more than other STHs can contribute to sustaining the transmission cycle for a longer period [ 37 ]. A study was conducted on 207 adults and 179 children visiting health facilities of Ghazni and Parwan provinces of Afghanistan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to our study, increased moderate-heavy intensity STH infections have been reported from Myanmar [ 44 ], Malaysia [ 45 ], Cameroon [ 46 ], and Rwanda [ 47 ]. Contrary, decreased moderate-heavy intensity STH infections have been reported from India [ 48 ], Ethiopia [ 37 ], and Nigeria [ 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths and associated risk factors among primary school children in Kandahar, Afghanistan: A cross-sectional analytical study

Rahimi,

Rafiqi,

Tareen

et al. 2023

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Background Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are global health problem, especially in low-income countries. Main objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence and intensity of STH and its risk factors among school children in Kandahar city of Afghanistan. Methodology/principal findings This was a school-based cross-sectional analytical study, with data collected during eight-month-period (May–December, 2022) from 6- and 12-years old school children in Kandahar city, Afghanistan. All the stool samples were examined by saline wet mount method and Kato–Katz technique. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Chi square test, and multivariate logistic regression. A total of 1275 children from eight schools of Kandahar city were included in this study. Mean age of these children was 8.3 years with 53.3% boys. The overall prevalence of any intestinal parasitic infection was 68.4%. The overall prevalence of STH infection was 39.1%, with Ascaris lumbricoides (29.4%) as the most prevalent STH species. Mean intensity of overall STH infection was 97.8. Multivariate logistic regression revealed playing barefoot (AOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.2), not washing hands after defecating and before eating (AOR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0–1.7), having untrimmed nails (AOR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1–1.8), and belonging to poor families (AOR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0–1.7) as the risk factors associated with the predisposition of school children for getting STH in Kandahar city of Afghanistan. Conclusions/significance There is high prevalence of STH among school children of Kandahar city in Afghanistan. Most of the risk factors are related to poverty, decreased sanitation, and improper hygiene. Improvement of socioeconomic status, sanitation, and health education to promote public awareness about health and hygiene together with periodic mass deworming programs are better strategies for the control of STH infections in Afghanistan.

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“…This public health problem remains unsolved (Tadege et al, 2022). Worms can be transmitted in various ways, including food and drink contaminated with worm eggs or soil (Eyayu et al, 2022). The activities of mining workers have been classified as the highest risk group for helminth infections (Tuuk et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, identifying a miner's worm parasitic eggs can be used to know if STH has contaminated the environment (Wikurendra et al, 2021). Several studies have examined soil helminth through feces or nails (Eyayu et al, 2022;Khan et al, 2022;Tuuk et al, 2020;Wikurendra et al, 2021), but there is still insufficient data for comparison examination of the two methods. Therefore, this study aimed to detect the prevalence and intensity of infections caused by parasitic worms by comparing nail and fecal examinations among mining workers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection of Soil-Transmitted Helminth among Mining Workers in Southeast Sulawesi

Amraeni¹,

Nirwan²,

Suwardi³

2022

Al-sihah

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Soil-Transmitted Helminth (hereafter STH) is considered as the leading cause of global health problems. This study aims to know the intensity and prevalence of STH infections among mining workers by comparing fecal and nail examinations in Morindino Village, Kambowa District, North Buton Regency Southeast Sulawesi Province. Feces were examined by using a native method, whilst the nails were observed by a sediment method. Additionally, descriptive and inferential analysis with independent t-tests were used to analyze the data. A total of 48 respondents were involved in this study. The observations of fecal respondents indicated that 4 (8.3%) of the respondents were infected with Ascaris lumbricoides, 12 (25%) had hookworm eggs, and 32 respondents (66.67%) were not infected. Moreover, the observation of STH worm eggs using nail samples showed that 1 respondent (2%) was infected with Ascaris lumbricoides, 4 (8.3%) respondents were infected by hookworm, and 43 respondents (89.58%) were free. The intensity of the attack was still in the mild category for all types of worm eggs; yet the highest attack was on hookworm for both examinations (2.16 and 2.25 eggs/individual). The research site took place around a sand mining land area with loose sandy soil structures that are protected from sunlight and mixed with humus to support the STH life cycle. Some individuals did open defecation habits at the research site leads to the STH contamination of the soil. Thus, the surveillance programs and infections control should be effectively implemented to manage worms incident.

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Prevalence, intensity of infection and associated risk factors of soil-transmitted helminth infections among school children at Tachgayint woreda, Northcentral Ethiopia

Cited by 12 publications

References 36 publications

Prevalence, correlates of undernutrition and intestinal parasitic infection among children below 5 years living in the forest community of Ndelele, East Region of Cameroon: A cross-sectional assessment

Prevalence, correlates of undernutrition and intestinal parasitic infection among children below 5 years living in the forest community of Ndelele, East Region of Cameroon: A cross-sectional assessment

Prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths and associated risk factors among primary school children in Kandahar, Afghanistan: A cross-sectional analytical study

Infection of Soil-Transmitted Helminth among Mining Workers in Southeast Sulawesi

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